The Natural Environmental Science Research

Systematic studies of Asian Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) V

Notes on Aconitum bulbilliferum and an allied species from Bhutan

Yuichi KADOTA

1999 Volume 12 Pages 1-9
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_1

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Bhutanese plants formerly referred to Aconitum bulbilliferum HAND.-MAZZ. are different from true A. bulbilliferum from Sichuna Prov., China. Aconitum bulbilliferum is re-described based upon detailed examinations of the type specimens. Lectotypification is made for another East Himalayan scandent species, A. elwesii STAPF. A key to the scandent species of East Himalaya is also given here.

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The distribution of mycorrhizal types in a Pinus densiflora forest

FUJIYOSHI Masaaki, NAKATSUBO Takayuki, SEO Kaoru, HORIKOSHI Takao

1999 Volume 12 Pages 11-16
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_11

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Forty-two plant species growing in a Pinus densiflora forest in Higashi-Hiroshima, western Japan are surveyed for the presence of different types of mycorrhizal association. All of these plant species have one or two types of mycorrhiza. Arbuscular mycorrhiza is observed in most (93%) of the plant species examined including Equisetaceae and Cyperaceae. Two ectomycorrhizal plants, Pinus densiflora and Quercus serrata, also show arbuscular mycorrhizal infection. Ericoid mycorrhizas are observed in four ericaceous species. Orchid mycorrhiza is found in Cymbidium goeringii, which is the only orchid species in the study site. It is concluded that arbuscular mycorrhiza is the predominant mycorrhizal type even in forests dominated by the ectomycorrhizal tree P. densiflora.

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Seedling dynamism in the wind damaged stand in subalpine coniferous forest at Mt. Fuji.

Nobuyuki KATSUMATA, Yoshinori MINAMI, Susumu OKITSU

1999 Volume 12 Pages 17-25
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_17

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Seedling dynamism of Abies veitchii is studied in a large scale disturbed area located in a subalpine forest in Mt. Fuji, central Japan, which was damaged by Typhoon No. 17 in 1996. Study sites are established in 3 stands: wind damaged (disturbed), closed canopy (undisturbed), and transition (neutral) stands. Number, age, height, annual growth rate, and ecesis substrate of seedlings are investigated in each stand. In addition, light, temperature, and humidity are also measured as environmental factors. In the disturbed stand, no tree species are found over the shrub layer. This stand appearance has great influence on the growth of seedlings. Straight growth and population size of seedlings are the largest in the disturbed stand, which is caused by the changed light condition. In the past five years, progress of straight growth has been more remarkable after the disturbance.
Consequently, it is suggested that Abies veitchii has a species specificity similar to intolerant trees.

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Seasonal change of zooplankton, especially copepods in the Tama-river estuary

Yuka TADASUGI, Hiroshi ITOH

1999 Volume 12 Pages 27-34
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_27

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Seasonal change of zooplankton was investigated for 14 months from February 1996 to March 1997 at a fixed station in the Tama-river estuary. The results indicated that zooplankton at the station increased in summer and decreased in winter. The dominant taxa was Copepoda followed by larvae of polychaetous Annelida, those of Bivalvia, and Cirripedia. Twenty-four copepod species/groups belonging to five orders were identified including marine, brackish, and freshwater species. Acartia omorii and Sinocalanus tenellus were abundant from winter to spring, Centropages abdominalis was found most in winter, while Paracalanus parvus and Pseudodiaptomus inopinus increased from autumn to winter. Acartia sinjiensis, Oithona davisae, and the Ergacilidae were abundant in summer. A drastic decrease in estuarine zooplankton was observed immediately after the typhoon which was asocciated with heavy rainfall and river swelling; however, the number of zooplankton recovered within two weeks.

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Bryophytes of Nishitanzawa, Kanagawa, Japan, 2. Hepaticae & Anthocerotae.

Teruyo HIRAOKA, Sumiko ISONＯ, Kimiko IWAKATA

1999 Volume 12 Pages 35-48
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_35

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On the bases of about 1,000 specimens collected from Nishitanzawa, west of Kanagawa, 118 species are recorded. Taxa of phytogeographic interest include Acrobolbus ciliatus, Spruceanthus semirepandus, Radula cavifolia, Lejeunea curviloba, L. kodamae, Cololejeunea denticulata and Calycularia crispula.

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Mosses of the Tengu-iwa (Kumamoto-ken, Kyushu, Japan).

Atsushi TANAKA, Yukitoshi TATEISHI, Masanori HAYASHI, Naoki NISHIMURA

1999 Volume 12 Pages 49-59
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_49

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Moss flora of the Tengu-iwa, one of the calcareous areas in southern Kyushu, is studied. Among ca. 700 specimens collected in 1998 and 1999, 118 species, 4 subspecies, and 5 varieties in 82 genera of 28 families are recognized. Phytogeographical interests reside in Meteoriopsis reclinata var. subreclinata, Neobarbella comes and Pseudospiridentopsis horrida.

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Macrofungal assembrage in the Experimental Forest of the Hiraoka Environmental Science Laboratory (II).

Inventory sensuous of macrofungi from April 1998 to March 1999

Kiyoshi IGUCHI

1999 Volume 12 Pages 61-74
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_61

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Macrofungal assemblage in the Experimental Forest of the Hiraoka Environmental Science Laboratory (Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan) is documented from April 1998 to March 1999.
Specimens collected in the forest include 27 families and 68 species. The forest condition is briefly discussed based on the incidence of carpophores of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes.

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Relationship between distribution types of bryophyte sporophyte and climatic conditions in Niigata Prefecture and its adjacent regions, central Japan

Hitoshi SHIRASAKI

1999 Volume 12 Pages 75-83
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_75

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The relationships between climatic conditions and distribution of sporophytes are investigated for eleven mosses in Niigata Prefecture, central Japan. Although these mosses are widely distributed in the district, they infrequently produce sporophytes. Using the grid method, the occurrence of species in the grid is analyzed along with several climatic factors, such as Kira's Warmth Index, summer and winter precipitation and snow depth. The different frequencies of sporophyte occurrence in these species are considered to be controlled by various climatic factors and differences in the adaptational conditions for sporophyte production.

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Bryophytes of the Daiyûzan Saijô-ji, Kanagawa, Japan.

Koji SＵＧＩＭＵＲＡ, Takeshi OOHASHI

1999 Volume 12 Pages 85-101
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_85

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Bryophyte flora of the Daiyûzan Saijô-ji forest, Kanagawa, Japan is studied. Among 950 specimens collected for this study, 178 species, 7 subspecies, and 8 varieties are recognized. Taxa of phytogeographic interest include Fissidens geppii, F. protonemaecola, Pyrrhobryum latifolium, Drepanolejeunea erecta, and D. vesiculosa. The bryophyte flora at the Daiyûzan Saijô-ji is numerous and diverse compared with other places around the survey area. The present investigation suggests that the decline of the large Cryptomeria japonica trees would have made the forest floor brighter, and montane species which are vulnerable to sunlight and drought could have decreased and ruderal species increased.

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The decline of pine forests and the vegetational change in the coastal region of the Tokai area, central Japan

Fumihiro KONTA

1999 Volume 12 Pages 103-115
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_103

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Changing vegetation which has been caused by the decline of pine forests in the Tokai district, central Japan in recent years is described based on field work. Pine forests of both Pinus densiflora and P. thunbergii distributed along the coastal area in the Tokai district have declined by the attack of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus since the 1980s. Original vegetations of the pine forests have changed to other types and flora will be expected to change. Changing vegetation and flora are examined at eight sites. From the results, establishment of evergreen broad-leaved forests dominated by Castanopsis sieboldii, and/or the deciduous forests dominated by Quercus serrata are found and an increasing in species number is recognized.

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Long-eared owl (Asio otus LlNNAEUS)

Morio URANO, Susumu OSAWA

1999 Volume 12 Pages 117-118
Published: December 11, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: December 25, 2024

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.32280/nesr.12.0_117

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A photographic report is presented on the morphologic and behavioral characteristics of the long-eared owl (Asio otus)

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