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Article type: Cover
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: January 20, 2000
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Article type: Index
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: January 20, 2000
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Hiroshi YAMATO, Taku SETO, [in Japanese], Hajime HORI, Toshiaki HIGASH ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
1-5
Published: January 20, 2000
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We installed an effective, practical and low-cost smoking corner in an office to protect against passive smoking. The smoking corner was separated from the non-smoking area with transparent, nonflammable screens. Four exhaust fans were installed in the smoking corner so that there was no leakage of environmental tabacco smoke. The required exhaust air rate in the smoking corner was pre-calculated from the volume of the smoking corner and the rate of consumption of cigarettes. The suspended airborne particle concentration definitely decreased in the non-smoking area after installation of the smoking corner. The result of a questionnaire survey also revealed the improvement in the air quality in this office.
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Shigeki KODA, Nobufumi YASUDA, Yuki SUGIHARA, Hiroshi OHARA, Hiroshi U ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
6-16
Published: January 20, 2000
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In order to estimate occupational risk factors for health problems among truck drivers, a questionnaire survey of working conditions, job content in truck transportation, subjective symptoms and present illnesses was carried out among 541 truck transportation workers in 1997. The valid response rate was 85.7%, and 134 local truck drivers, 199 long-distance truck drivers and 71 clerical workers were analyzed. First, to examine occupational risk factors and health problems among the three groups, the authors analyzed working conditions, job content in truck transportation, subjective symptoms and present illnesses. Second, to estimate the work-relatedness of health problems among local truck drivers and long-distance truck drivers, logistic regression analyses were conducted, and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed. The prevalence rates of working factors affecting health problems of truck drivers were significantly higher than those of clerical workers in the items on irregular shift work, working environment, working posture, handling heavy materials, job stress due to over-loading and long working time and limited time off. The prevalence rates for subjective symptoms (ringing in the ears, neck pain and low back pain) and present illnesses (hypertension, ulcers in the digestive tract, back injuries, whiplash injuries and hemorrhoids) among truck drivers were significantly higher than those of clerical workers. In logistic regression analyses, many work-related items except age, BMI and smoking habit showed significantly higher odds ratios for subjective symptoms and present illnesses of truck drivers. Odds ratios for hypertension, heart diseases and related subjective symptoms among local truck drivers were significantly increased by job career, twisting posture, vibration and driving stress. Odds ratios for gastro-duodenal diseases and related subjective symptoms were significantly increased by narrow working space, sleeping in the truck, driving distance, squatting posture and driving stress. Odds ratios for ringing in the ears among local truck drivers were significantly increased by job career, long working time, narrow working space, aleeping in the truck and driving stress. Odds ratios for musculo-skeletal diseases and related subjective symptoms were significantly increased by overwork, vibration, narrow working space, sitting posture and shortage of recess. Odds ratios for fatigue symptoms were significantly increased by the shortage of recess, vibration and driving stress. In order to cope with the health problems of truck drivers, it is recommecded that working conditions and work loads for among truck drivers as described above be improved.
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Hisako MINOWA
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
17-23
Published: January 20, 2000
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The nature of labor in Japan is changing from work which is physically demanding to work in which metal activity requiring intellectual and psychological ability results in production. The author studied and analyzed the type of workload experienced by system engineers in informatics. The results of a health study of 2, 396 system design engineers in informatics at our company were analyzed (only data on 2, 169 males were analyzed). Workload related to the 'quality', or type of work done ('Workload of quality') was felt by 63.5%, with 36.0% feeling workload related to the amount of work ('Workload of quantity'). A very large number of workers felt workload related to the quality, or type of work rather than to the amount of work. The relationship between emotional health indices and workload showed insomnia in 25.5% of workers who felt a 'Workload of quality', and in 11.1% of those who did not feel such a workload. Similarly, depressive mood was seen in 40.3% of workers who felt a 'Workload of quality', and in 18.7% of workers who did not. Insomnia was seen in 42.8% of workers with a feeling of a 'Workload of quantity', and in 26.3% of those without. The relationship between workload, related to the quality and quantity of work was also strong for other mental health indices. Workload related to the quality of work was particularly strong. Workload related to the quality or type of work comes from a myriad of factors including the variety of work required from workers in informatics, the still developing nature of the production process, and the rapid pace of technical progress with each type of work carrying a different set of factors. The ability and personality of each individual worker also plays an important role. The results of the survey showed the importance of carrying out occupational healthcare activities in health management from the standpoint of work related health hazards or "quality of work"; in other words, from the standpoint of work type, system operation and the individuality of the worker.
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Toru TAKEDA, Akihiro FUJINO, Tetsuya MIZOUE, Hiroshi KAJI
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
24-28
Published: January 20, 2000
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Fatty liver is a common finding in abdominal ultrasonographic examination in health check-ups, but the relationship between fatty liver and so-called coronary risk factors has rarely been investigated from the viewpoint of prevention of coronary heart disease. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate such a relationship by comparing the coronary risk factors with and without fatty liver by using data from health check-ups for the mid-management and management staff of a manufacturing company. The majority (77.1%) of those with fatty liver in the present study were categorized as "normal" or "marginally obese" and only a small portion (22.9%) were categorized as "obese" according to the classification of the body mass index. The group of subjects with fatty liver had significantly lower mean HDL-cholesterol and higher levels of fasting blood sugar, HDL/total cholesterol ratio, triglyceride, uric acid and transaminases, than those parameters in subjects without fatty liver, even after adjustment for age and body-mass index. The blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) and total cholesterol level did not show any significant difference after controlling the covariateds. Our results indicated that fatty liver has a close correlation with the majority of coronary risk factors causing atheroscleotic diseases, and most of these relationships are independent of total body mass. Our results regarding fatty liver are a help to occupational health personnel when advising workers to reduce their own risk of atherogeic diseases.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
29-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
29-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
29-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
29-30
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
30-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
30-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
31-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
31-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
31-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
31-32
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
32-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
32-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
32-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
33-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
33-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
33-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
33-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
33-
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
34-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
35-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
35-36
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
36-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
36-37
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
37-
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
37-38
Published: January 20, 2000
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
38-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
38-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
38-39
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
39-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
39-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
39-
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2000 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages
39-40
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