Shikaigaku
Online ISSN : 2189-647X
Print ISSN : 0030-6150
ISSN-L : 0030-6150
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Volume 55, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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  • Movement of Maxillary Complete Denture with Occlusal Interference
    Keisuke KAWASAKI
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 205-218
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_205
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    Experimental occlusal interferences were created in the mandibular anterior teeth, the first premolar, and the second molar in complete dentures in order to evaluate movement of the maxillary prosthesis during clenching and mastication. Movements were observed by measuring the translation of a magnet in the anterior teeth of the maxillary denture using an MKG-K6 wide sensor (Myotronics Corporation, Seattle, U. S. A.) set at the center point.
    The second molar interference produced the greatest movement. Clenching and mastication caused dislodgment and rotation of the denture around the interference point. The first premolar interference produced the next greatest movement, producing dislodgment of the denture during mastication. Occlusal interference in the mandibular anterior teeth had the least effect on denture movement.
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  • Electromyographic Response of the Inferior Head of the Human Lateral Pterygoid Muscle during Mastication
    Hisayoshi NISHIKAWA
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 219-232
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_219
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    I investigated the activity of the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle during masticatory movement and during application of the occlusal force during occlusion. The muscle activity of the lateral pterygoid, masseter, anterior temporal and posterior temporal muscles was recorded in eight adult males using electromyography, while at the same time recording the movement of the mandibular incisor region with a mandibular kinesiograph. The relation of muscle activity and mandibular position over time were analysed in detail.
    It was found that the activity of the lateral pterygoid muscle played an important role during mastication. It was related to inferior and lateral shifts of the mandible during opening and to lateral shift during the early closing phase. This muscle also appears to play an important role in horizontal masticatory force during the latter part of the occlusal phase.
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  • Infantile Behavior Development in the Senescence Accelerated Mouse (SAM)
    Masao NAKAGAWA, Takashi IKEO
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 233-255
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_233
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    We investigated the physical growth and infantile behavioral development of senescence accelerated mice bred in our laboratory. The R/1 (SAM-R/1//Odu) strain was used as controls and the P/8 (SAM-P/8//Odu) was used as the experimental group. No differences were found in the physical growth (body weight and time for morphodifferentiation) between the two groups, and between the two groups and other strains. It was found that there were four stages in the behavioral development when measured by reflexes, locomotive activities, grooming, orienting, tropistic creeping and bar-holding ability. In the fourth stage, athletic exercise-ability in the SAM-P/8 was less than that in the SAM-R/1. This difference was caused by changes in maternal behavior (learning and memory impairments), confirming the importance of the mother. These results indicated that behavioral characteristics in SAM-P/8 begin in infancy.
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  • Purification and Characterization of Peritrichous Fimbriae from Streptococcus oralis strain 2705
    Osafumi YOSHINO, Hisanori FUKUSHIMA
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 256-268
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_256
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    We attempted to purify peritrichous fimbriae from Streptococcus oralis strain 2705. The fimbriae were purified by means of mechanical shearing, ammonium sulfate fractionation and sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation.
    Electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of dense masses of aggregated fimbriae. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that fimbriae were consisted of 14 kDa protein. However, they were eluted at a void volume on Sepharose CL-6B gel filtration, suggesting that fimbriae are polymers of 14kDa monomer proteins. In colony immunoblotting, antiserum raised against the purified fimbriae reacted with strain 2705, but did not react with other peritrichous S. oralis nor S. salivarius strains.
    This indicates that antigenically different peritrichous fimbriae might exist in S. oralis.
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  • Prevalence of Hydrolytic Enzymes and Viscous Material Producers in Saliva and Dental Plaque
    Yoshiaki SASAKI, Hisanori FUKUSHIMA
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 269-282
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_269
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    Saliva and dental plaque constituents were screened for their ability to produce β-lactamase, DNase, lecithinase, hyaluronidase, chondroitin sulfatase, trypsin, collagenase, lipase, chymotrypsin and viscous material by the plate and broth methods. Strains freshly isolated from saliva and dental plaque in healthy students were used for this experiment.
    β-Lactamase and DNase activities were recognized in 4% of these isolates, while hyaluronidase, chondroitin sulfatase, lipase, lecithinase, collagenase and trypsin activities and production of viscous material were found in less than 1%. Prevotella species were predominant as DNase, β-lactamase, hyaluronidase, lecithinase and chondroitin sulfatase producers. Trypsin producers were identified as Capnocytophaga and Porphyromonas gingivalis. P. gingivalis was the only species producing collagenase.
    These results indicate that constituents of saliva or dental plaque have the potential to progress to the exacerbation of odontogenic infections.
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  • Extracellular Viscous Material Production by Prevotella intermedia
    Yuko NAKATANI, Hisanori FUKUSHIMA
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 283-293
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_283
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    We isolated and purified the viscous material from Prevotella intermedia strain 17 and determined its chemical composition. Viscous materials obtained from both the culture supernatant and the cell surface were isolated, purified and compared. Both consisted of carbohydrates and did not contain protein. They gave similar elution patterns by GLCs and had a mannose/glucose ratio of 5 : 1. Neither uronic acid nor hexosamine was detected.
    Both materials appeared as fine fibrous-like structures under electron microscopy, indicating that the cell-free and the cell-bound viscous materials are the same and that they are primarily carbohydrate.
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  • Localization of antigens reactive with monoclonal antibodies (E 8 and P 54) in human oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Masahiro WATO, Kenichi UOBE, Akio TANAKA, Shinsaku HORI, Hong-Bo XU, R ...
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 294-295
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_294
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    The staining ability of the monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) E 8 and P 54 was evaluated by light and electron microscopy using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections and fresh frozen sections of oral squamous cell carcinomas. E 8 and P 54 produced positive staining in the cell membrane of normal and neoplastic stratified squamous epithelia. Although E 8 and P 54 microscopically reacted throughout the cell membrane, they showed different localizations ultrastructurally. E 8 reactivity was evident throughout the cell membrane of normal and neoplastic stratified squamous epithelia, but staining with P 54 was localized around the desmosomes. These MoAbs may be useful in the investigation of oral epithelium and squamous cell carcinoma.
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  • Effects of sevoflurane on intracranial pressure, and the formation and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid in cats
    Shingo SUGIOKA
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 295-296
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_295
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    I examined the effects of sevoflurane on intracranial pressure (ICP), and the formation and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in cats. ICP significantly increased immediately after the administration of sevoflurane. The level was unchanged for the subsequent 120 minutes, but increased significantly 140 minutes after administration. Using the open ventriculocisternal perfusion method, the rate of CSF formation significantly decreased 30 minutes after administration. The increase in the rate of CSF absorption with increased ICP levels was greater in the N_2O group than in groups anesthetized with sevoflurane or enflurane. The delayed increase of ICP with sevoflurane may result in part from the cranial accumulation of CSF due to increased resistance to CSF absorption.
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  • Estimation of modified panoramic TMJ projection
    Yoritaka YOTSUI, Yuko KIKUCHI, Yonoshin KOSEKI
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 297-298
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_297
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    We investigated how to elevate the image quality of panoramic TMJ projections by modifying the position of the patient, which is known to have a significant effect on this quality. We found that when the TMJ was positioned forward and below the irradiated area, the radiographic image was similar to that obtained by selective TMJ tomography in the shape and positional relation of the mandibular head and fossa. We determined that the modified panoramic TMJ projection was effective for use in screening TMJ disorders.
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  • Radiographic study of periosteal new bone formation in osteomyelitis of the mandible
    Yasuhisa HAYASHI, Kimishige SHIMIZUTANI, Yonoshin KOSEKI
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 298-299
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_298
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    Between 1979 and 1990, 1, 162 cases of osteomyelitis were detected by the Department of Oral Radiology of Osaka Dental University Hospital. Of these, 133 (11.4%) were of osteomyelitis with new bone formation. Of the three radiographic patterns of periosteal new bone formation, the solid type predominated, the laminated type appeared in younger patients, and the monolayer type was seen in older ones. The site of periosteal new bone formation was dependent not only upon age, route of infection, and condition of the erupting teeth, but also on clinical symptoms and the extent of new bone formation.
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  • Clinical research on the development of third molars observed in panoramic radiographs
    Toshikazu TANAKA, Michiharu DAITO, Toyoji HIEDA
    Article type: Article
    1992 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 299-300
    Published: June 25, 1992
    Released on J-STAGE: February 27, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18905/shikaigaku.55.3_299
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    The development of the third molars in Japanese was studied using the panoramic radiographs of 9,111 children and 2,769 university students. The average age for initiation of calcification and completion of crown formation was earlier in females than in males. At 13 years of age the third molar tooth germ was present 65 to 70% of the time in the maxilla and 75 to 80% of the time in the mandible for both boys and girls. The results of this study allow a better understanding of the third molars of Japanese and provide an aid to planning in such areas of clinical pediatric practice as guiding occlusal development.
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