TANSO
Online ISSN : 1884-5495
Print ISSN : 0371-5345
ISSN-L : 0371-5345
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Volume 2011, Issue 247
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Research Papers
  • Effect of pore structure and particle size of activated carbon on adsorption rate of cigarette smoke constituents
    Takashi Sasaki, Akihiko Matsumoto
    Article type: Research Papers
    2011 Volume 2011 Issue 247 Pages 49-53
    Published: April 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: May 09, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2011.49
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effect on the adsorption behavior of cigarette smoke constituents by activated carbon in cigarette filters was investigated. Two kinds of activated carbon with comparable micropore and mesopore volumes were used, but one had macropores (AC-1) and the other did not (AC-2). These showed similar adsorption isotherms for benzene. But the adsorption efficiencies for benzene contained in the cigarette smoke using the puff-by-puff smoking system were significantly different: AC-1 indicated high adsorption efficiency until the last puff but the adsorption efficiency of AC-2 decreased at an early puff. Meanwhile, it was found that the adsorption rate for benzene vapor of AC-1 was faster than that of AC-2 in fixed-bed adsorption tests. Since the macropores play a key role in diffusion paths through which an adsorbate molecule reaches into the micropores, it can be inferred that they affect the adsorption rate. Additionally, the results from a two-component test using benzene and water suggested that competitive adsorption reduced the adsorption rate of benzene. Thus, we inferred that the difference of the adsorption rate of benzene contained in the cigarette smoke would be enhanced by competitive adsorption of the complex constituents in the cigarette smoke, resulting in the significant difference in the adsorption efficiencies for benzene in the puff-by-puff smoking system.
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  • Preparation of carbon-coated stainless steels and their properties as bipolar plate materials of polymer electrolyte fuel cells
    Shin-ichi Miyano, Tomokazu Fukutsuka, Yoshiaki Matsuo, Yosohiro Sugie
    Article type: Research Papers
    2011 Volume 2011 Issue 247 Pages 54-58
    Published: April 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: May 09, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2011.54
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In order to develop metal bipolar plates for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC), various grades of stainless steels (SUS304, SUS316, and SUS430) were coated with carbonaceous thin films by plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. The resulting carbon-coated stainless steels were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, interfacial contact resistance (ICR) measurement, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Corrosion properties were examined by dynamic polarization measurement in H2SO4 solution. ICR values were decreased by carbon coating due to the deposition of a conductive carbonaceous thin film. The corrosion resistance of carbon-coated SUS304 and SUS430 was superior to that of carboncoated SUS316 at ambient temperature. Based on the SEM images obtained after dynamic polarization measurements, it was found that carbonaceous thin-film layers on SUS304 and SUS430 were dense and did not peel. At 80°C (simulated operating temperature of PEFCs), corrosion resistance of carbon-coated SUS304 was superior to that of carbon-coated SUS430. The influence of the stainless steel grade on the corrosion properties provided by carbon-coating was discussed in relation to the carbon deposition mechanism.
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Short Paper
Review Papers
  • Adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions by activated carbons
    Motoi Machida, Yoshimasa Amano, Masami Aikawa
    Article type: Review Papers
    2011 Volume 2011 Issue 247 Pages 62-69
    Published: April 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: May 09, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2011.62
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    Heavy metal removal from aqueous solution onto activated carbons (ACs) by adsorption is briefly reviewed from the aspects of the structure, surface chemistry of ACs, and temperature and pH of aqueous solutions based on our previous studies. Oxygen and nitrogen atoms on the AC surface play an important role as well as solution pH for the adsorption of the heavy metal ions on ACs. In spite of the small uptake amounts of heavy metals indicated so far by ACs, there seems to be much room to study for increasing the adsorption capacity. ACs would still have a high potential for the removal of ionic pollutants in aqueous solution due to their availability and easy regeneration.
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  • Synthesis of ordered mesoporous carbons by a soft-templating method
    Norikazu Nishiyama, Shunsuke Tanaka
    Article type: Review Papers
    2011 Volume 2011 Issue 247 Pages 70-74
    Published: April 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: May 09, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7209/tanso.2011.70
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    Ordered mesoporous carbons were synthesized by using an organic-organic self-assembly (soft-templating) method using resorcinol (R) / formaldehyde (F) and triblock copolymer Pluronic F127. A hexagonal mesostructure with channel like pores (COU-1) with a pore size of 4.7–5.8 nm and a 3D wormhole-like mesopore structure (COU-2) with a pore size of 4.8 nm were synthesized using precursor solutions with different mass ratios of F127/RF resin. The mesoporous carbons were activated by using KOH to improve their porosity. The KOH-activated COU-2 carbon showed superior capacitance compared to the COU-2 carbon and a commercial microporous carbon. Ultrathin carbon films with a monolayer of uniform mesopores were also synthesized on a silicon substrate by contacting a triblock copolymer film with a benzyl alcohol vapor followed by carbonization.
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Series Lecture
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