Supernumerary teeth are most frequently seen in the regions of upper anterior teeth. At the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II, Okayama University Dental School, 213 supernumerary teeth in the regions of upper anterior teeth were seen in 163 patients younger than fifteen years old from April, 1982, to August, 1989. A clinical review was made, and the results were as followed:
1) The frequency of the supernumerary teeth in males was three times of that in females. In most cases, the presence of supernumerary teeth had been found in children from 6-8 years of age.
2) Frequently dental standard projection and vertex occlusal projection were taken, and otherwise orthopantomography, occlusal method and lateral projection were taken. In our department vertex occlusal projection were taken in order to confirm the region of unerupted supernumerary teeth.
3) In most cases, supernumerary teeth were unerupted. About 71% of the cases had one supernumerary tooth, and 28% of the cases had two supernumerary teeth. Moreover, with boys, two cases had three teeth.
4) As to the direction of dental crown and the region, the inverted teeth on palatal side were most frequently observed.
5) Unerupted supernumerary teeth were extracted most frequently between 7 years old and 9 years old. In the many cases, when those were extracted the root of the adjacent permanent teeth were not completly developed. Before extraction, the disturbance of the adjacent permanent teeth was found in 69 cases, of which obliquity and rotation were the most frequent two.
6) Mucoperiosteal flap was made on the side of the unerupted supernumerary teeth existed. However, in the cases which the unerupted supernumerary teeth existed in tooth alignment or both of labial and palatal side, mucoperiosteal flap was made variously.

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A Clinical study was performed in children who had supernumerary impacted teeth in the anterior region of the maxilla (SIT). 64 cases were investigated, male were 52 cases and female were 12 cases. The average age of cases was 7.5 years old. The many cases of SIT were diagnosed by dental X-ray films. The only one SIT was 46 cases, two SIT were 10 cases. The direction of the dental crown was diagnosed inverted (66.2%), straight (24.3%), and horizontal (9.5%). Extractions of SIT was performed in 48 cases. Operation was carried out with palatal side approach in 82.8%.

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Clinical study was performed on 53 patients under 15 years of age with supernumerary teeth in the anterior region of maxilla at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Yamaguchi University Medical Hospital for 10 years (1989-1998). In the 53 patients, 68 supernumerary teeth were found: 38 patients with one, 15patients with two. The ratio of male to female was 3: 1. In most cases, the presence of supernumerary teeth had been found in the patients aged 6-7 years (52.9%). Forty-three percent of the patients had problems such as mid-line space, abnormal arrangement of the teeth and delayed eruption of incisor. Most of them located around the central incisor and palatal side. Supernumerary teeth were extracted most frequently between 6 and 8 years old.

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Clinico-statistical observation was performed on 141 pediatric patients under 15 years of age with supernumerary teeth at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery I, Okayama University Dental Hospital during nine years (1985-1994).
The results are summarized as follows;
1) 190 supernumerary teeth were found in the 141 patients, that is, 94 patients with one supernumerary tooth, 45 patients with two, 2 patients with three.
2) The ratio of male to female was 3.4: 1.
3) Over 70% of the patients with supernumerary teeth were found in the 6-9 age group.
4) 87.4% of supernumerary teeth were impacted. The direction of eruption was normal (35.8%), inverted (53.7%) and horizontal (10.5%).
5) The most common locations were maxillary anterior area and palatal side.
6) 53.6% of the patients had problems with supernumerary teeth, of which 25 cases of diasthema were the most frequent.
7) 86.5% of supernumerary teeth were extracted during 1 month from the patient's first visit, and an operation was carried out with palatal side approach in 79.5% of the cases.

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A clinical and statistical study was performed in 103 children less than 15 years old who had maxillary impacted supernumerary teeth as diagnosed by X-ray films. The male to female ratio was ca. 3: 1 and the average age was 8.0 years. The number of maxillary impacted supernumerary teeth was one, the impacted site was the median part, the direction of the dental crown was of inverted teeth, and the form of tooth crown was a monocuspid type in the majority. While diastema was observed as an affected event in the adjacent teeth, the direction of approach was mostly from the palatal side. In the case of multiple impactedsupernumerary teeth, the form of tooth crown was mostly monocuspid type+monocuspid type, though the direction of the dental crown was of inverted teeth.

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Impacted supernumerary teeth are found in any position of the jaws, sometimes in the vicinity of a impacted permanent tooth. In order to make a diagnosis and design of orthodontic and surgical procedures in the above case, it is necessary to synthesize the whole situation in each case, especially a satisfactory prognosis.
We report all procedures of orthodontic treatment both on the maxillary incisal and mandibular premolar regions. Impacted bilateral incisors were retracted down to the dental arch after extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth positioned superficial to these incisors. Four premolars also were extracted as crowding cases.
Following 1.5 years, a bicuspid-like, supernumerary tooth surprisingly has appeared in each extracted socket of 4_??_4. This case has been still observed carefully as post-treatment, including newly appeared supernumerary teeth.

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今回,著者らはC2を有する乳30本,幼若永久25本の隣接面窩洞に対し,GRAFT LC IIを用いて修復し,臨床的に経過を観察し,以下のような結果を得た.
1.1年経過して辺縁適合性が不良なものは,乳では2例(3.3%),幼若永久では5例(10.0%)であった.
2.1年経過して形態的変化の認められないものは乳歯では28例(93.3%),幼若永久歯では22例(88.0%)であった.
3.修復物の着色・変色はほとんどみられず,着色・変色のみられたものは乳歯,幼若永久歯ともに2例であった.
4.辺縁部の変色は,まったく認められないものが乳歯では27例(90.0%),幼若永久歯では24例(96.0%)であった.
5.二次齲蝕は,乳歯,幼若永久歯ともに修復後3か月より1例みられ,幼若永久歯では1年目にさらに1例認められた.
6.修復時の歯髄反応は認められないものがほとんどで,乳歯において1例(3.3%)歯髄処置を必要とした.
7.1年経過後のリコール時の歯髄反応において何ら異常の認められなかったのは,乳歯では26例(86.7%),幼若永久歯では23例(92.0%)であった.
8.以上の結果を考えあわせ,GRAFT LC IIは小児歯科の日常の臨床における乳歯および幼若永久歯の修復において有効であることが示唆された.

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132 impacted mesiodens out of 114 patients were investigated radiographically. These cases were divided into four age-groups of under 10, 11-30, 31-50 and over 51 years of age and were observed the sex difference, position, shape and the number of impacted teeth in each case. And the pericoronal space, the periodontal space and resorption of the tooth or ankylosis with surrounding bone tissues were also observed. The results were summarized as follows:
1. As to distinction between sexes, the males were predominant in all age-groups.
2. Single impaction cases dominated over 80% in all age-groups.
3. Inverted impaction cases were predominant in all age-groups.
4. Conical tooth in shape were dominated almost 100% in age-groups of 31-50 and over 51.
5. Increase the incidence of resorption of the crown or root and dental ankylosis in order of aging were observed.

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部CAD/CAM冠は，エナメル色とデンティン色および移行色を含んだグラデーションを有するブロックを使用することで，良好な審美性が再現されている．症例選択では，十分なクリアランスと維持力が見込め，支台歯の色調が良好で，臼歯部の安定した咬合支持が得られている症例が適応となる．支台歯形成では滑沢かつ単純な形態と明瞭なディープシャンファーが推奨される．接着操作では口腔内試適後のクラウン内面へのアルミナブラストとシラン含有プライマー処理，支台歯は適切な清掃後に歯質用プライマーを塗布し，接着性レジンセメントで装着することが求められる．これらの処理を確実に行うことで，安全・安心な歯科医療が確立できる．

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著者らは, 乳歯の外傷固定に, ダイレクトボンディング法と^®Imprelon (1mm厚さ) を用いて圧力成形法で作成したスプリントの併用方法を用いた。今回は, そのスプリントの製作方法ならびに整復から固定までの術式, また, それを用いた8症例を紹介した。この固定法は次のような利点を有している。1)製作時間が短い。2)成形後のスプリントの厚さが0.5~0.7mmで薄く, 異物感が少ない。3)表面が滑沢のため, 軟組織への損傷が少ない。4)弾力性と維持力に富み, 破折に強い。5)咬合圧で変形しない。6)除去が容易。7)透明であるため, 患歯の確認が容易。8)低年齢児にとくに, 有効である。また, 整復時に線結紮を行っておいた方が, その後のスプリントの製作, 装着が容易であった。なお, 固定期間中, スプリントの脱落は認められず, 固定期間は3週間が適切であった。

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目的:歯列弓の形態や歯の位置は,口腔周囲筋の影響を受けると考えられている.とくに舌圧と口唇圧が歯列弓および歯に及ぼす影響は大きいと考えられる.本研究では,舌突出癖を伴う部に対する舌圧および口唇圧を計測し,これらの□腔周囲筋圧を正常者と比較するとともに,顎顔面形態との関係を調べる.方法:個性正常咬合を有する成人8名(正常者群)と,本学附属病院を受診した治療前の舌突出癖を伴う部開咬患者10名(開咬患者群)を対象とし側面セファロを用いて形態分析を行った.また,安静聴と水嚥下時における,上下顎中切歯の舌側面切端寄リ・歯頸寄リおよび唇側面中央部の舌圧と口唇圧を測定し,それぞれの最大圧・時間圧力積および平均筋圧を算出した,また舌圧は,それぞれの項目について歯頸寄リに対する切端寄リの比率を算出した.これらをもとに正常者群と開咬患者群の比較を行い,開咬患者群においては圧カデータと顎顔面形態との相関を算出した.結果:正常者群と開咬患者群を比較すると,唇圧に差は認められなかった.しかし開咬患者群の舌圧は嚥下時において最大圧・時間圧力積および平均筋圧ともに,上顎歯頸寄りで小さい値を示し,下顎歯頸寄リで大きい値を示した.また歯頸寄リに対する切端寄リの比率は上顎で小さい値を示した.相関分析では,現下時における下顎の歯頸寄りに対する切端寄りの比率は,咬合平面角・上下顎歯軸角の大きさと,それぞれ関係することが示唆された.まとめ:舌突出癖を伴う部開咬患者では,正常咬合者と比較して,嚥下時に舌は上顎の舌側面歯頸寄リにあまリ接触せず,下顎の歯頸寄りに強く接することが認められた.このことから,部開咬患者の舌は,嚥下時に低位をとることが示唆された.またこの傾向が強くなるにつれて,下顎は唇側に傾斜し,咬合平面角は大きくなると考えられる.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sex and age on the selection of color, size, and form of anterior teeth for complete dentures.
A sample representing one hundred eighty-five edentulous patients whose complete dentures were made with Real Crown teeth (Shofu Inc.) was obtained.
The results were as follows:
1) Lighter teeth were selected for females than males, but age had no relation to the selected color of the teeth.
2) Larger teeth were selected for males than females, but age had no relation to the selected size of the teeth.
3) The combination and tapering forms were selected frequently, the combination form was used more frequently for females than males and the tapering form was used more frequently for males than females.

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症例の概要：68歳上下無歯顎の女性．下顎顎堤の咀嚼時疼痛による咀嚼障害を主訴として来院．義歯に対して会話や審美面についての高い要求を持っていた．咀嚼時ならびに会話時の下顎全部床義歯の維持および安定不良と診断した．新義歯では，フレンジテクニックを用いて，人工歯の排列位置および機能的な義歯床研磨面の形態を決定した．また，静的パラトグラム検査を用いて上顎全部床義歯の研磨面形態を決定した．
考察：咀嚼時，会話時ともに義歯の維持・安定が得られたことによって，咀嚼ならびに会話時の問題点が改善されたと考える．
結論：本症例では，機能的アプローチを中心に置き新義歯作製を行った結果，良好な経過が得られた．

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症例の概要：患者は62歳の女性無歯顎者であり，歌唱時に下顎の総義歯がゆるくなるような感じがあるとのことを主訴に来院した．機能時の維持安定の向上を目的にフレンジテクニックを応用した下顎総義歯を製作した．
考察：フレンジテクニックを応用することにより主訴であった歌唱時の義歯の維持安定の不良を改善できたと考えられる．また本症例で咬合関係が長期に安定していたことは，耐摩耗性に優れる硬質レジン歯を使用したことが一因である考えられる．
結論：本症例においては，下顎総義歯にフレンジテクニックを応用することで，歌唱時などの機能時における義歯の維持安定を向上することができ，12年間良好に経過した．

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