GPS, a satellite positioning system being developed by the United States, has been used by the private sector from the test phase and vessels which are equipped with GPS receivers are in creasing. GPS is a system to determine the position of the receiver by knowing the distances from the satellites to the receiver, as the arrival time of the signals which are composed by the satellites are measured with the receiver clock. GPS is expected to enter into the operational phase in a few years.
In addition to the single positioning, many applications by using GPS such as translocation method have been studied. More than two receivers are used simultaneously in the translocation method and the relative position of one receiver is determined precisely referring to the other receiver. In this method, common part of errors in determining receiver clock face and in the orbital elements of satellites etc. are removed by the simultaneous observation, thus attaining high precision of the relative positioning.
A study to develop receivers to obtain precise relative positioning of moving stations, especially vessels, referred to a known point by using the translocation method has been carried out. The principle of this method and the result of the test observation obtained so far are reported in this article.
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