The purpose of this study is to examine the experience of the golf practice class with lodging and the longitudinal change of life skills through it. The subjects of 11 university students (male=9, female=2, mean age=19.30, SD=1.17) were asked to answer a questionnaire that was composed of socio-demographic questions, the Experience Scale in University Physical Education Classes (ESUPEC), impressions of golf practice class, and Life Skills Scale for University Students (LSSUS). Descriptive statistics and text mining were conducted to reveal the experience of the golf practice class. Paired t-tests and calculation of Cohen's d were conducted to examine longitudinal change of life skills. The results of descriptive statistics showed that mean scores of ESUPEC were high compared with a previous research. The results of text mining showed that the words of “enjoy” and “difficult” appeared frequently. In addition, some word networks such as including positive psychological aspects were shown. Paired t-tests revealed that the scores of “Leadership”, “Scheduling” and “Self-Esteem” of LSSUS increased significantly, their Cohen's d ranged from 0.43 to 0.63. The results above indicate that sports activities with lodging might be more effective to obtain psychosocial skills.

The purposes of this study are to develop Positive Coping Scale for University Students (PCSUS) and to examine the relationship between sports participation and positive coping of university students. The participants of 616 university students (male=259, female=352, Non response=5; mean age=19.30, SD=1.17) were asked to answer a questionnaire that is composed of socio-demographic questions including the belonging to sports clubs, 35 items to measure positive coping, the FIT Index and the Exercise Participation Assessment Scale for University Students (EPASUS). Exploratory factor analyses, reliability analyses and covariance structural analysis were conducted to develop the PCSUS. Also, t-tests and correlation analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between sports participation and PCSUS. The result of exploratory factor analyses identified a six-factor model with 24 items on PCSUS. Reliability analyses and covariance structural analysis confirmed that each Cronbach’s alpha was high value and the scale had satisfactory fit indices of structural validities. The results of t-tests showed that mean scores of some subscales from PCSUS were significantly different between sport club participants and non-participants as well as participants with higher level and lower level of physical activities. In addition, the results of correlation analyses using subscales of EPASUS and PCSUS showed that subscales of EPASUS were significantly positively correlated to subscales of PCSUS. The results indicate that sports participation may enhance positive coping.

本研究では、「スポーツ活動参加がレジリエンスの発達・促進を介して自己成長を導く」という仮説を設定し、スポーツ活動参加、レジリエンスおよび自己成長感の関係性を検討することを目的とした。健康・スポーツに関する授業を履修する大学生425名（男性168名、女性254名、不明3名、平均年齢19.16歳、SD＝1.16）を分析対象とし、質問紙調査を集合調査法にて行った。調査内容は、大学生版自己成長感尺度の原案、運動参加形態評価尺度、大学生版日常生活レジリエンス尺度であり、探索的因子分析、相関分析および共分散構造分析を行った。探索的因子分析の結果、1因子10項目で構成される大学生版自己成長感尺度が開発された。相関分析の結果、運動参加、レジリエンスおよび自己成長感の間に、複数の有意な正の相関関係が認められ、共分散構造分析の結果、「運動参加」からレジリエンスを構成する「個人内資源」および「社会的資源」へのパス係数、「個人内資源」から「自己成長感」へのパス係数は有意であった。これらの結果から、スポーツ活動参加がレジリエンスにおける個人内資源を発達・促進させた結果として、自己成長を導くような認知的思考や行動を誘発することが推察された。

This study was investigated the effect of the hand-made badminton racket grip. The parameters of the comparison measured the shape of the grip, the movable angle at wrist joint, the contact area between hand and grip. Additionally, the EMG activity during racket swing motion was measured for two minutes, and the grip strength was measured before and after in racket swing. The characteristics of the hand-made grip became thick of the intermediate portion of grip. The movable angles in the palmar-flexion and the dorsi- flexion and the radial- flexion increased in the hand-made grip. The contact area between hand and grip in the hand-made grip increased significantly in the index finger, middle finger and ring finger. There was no difference in the EMG activity during the racket swing motion between the ready-made grip and the hand-made grip. The grip strength of the swing in the ready-made grip was decreased significantly both before and after compared to the hand-made grip. It was considered to enjoy the badminton sport to people of a wide range of age, and it was also important to fabricate a grip on their hand.

【問題と目的】青年期におけるレジリエンスの向上を目的とした介入を行うには，個々人の持つレジリエンスについての状況を把握する必要がある。本研究では，調査者および参加者に対してフィードバックを行う際に，個々人のレジリエンスの状況をより明確に提示することを意図し，「個人内特性」および「環境的要因」の両側面から，レジリエンスをより簡易的に測定することを可能とする，多次元的な尺度の開発を目的とした。

【方法】健康・スポーツに関する授業を履修する学生616名（男性259名，女性352名，不明5名，平均年齢19.30歳，SD>＝1.17）を分析対象とし，質問紙調査を集合調査法にて行った。調査内容は，「大学生版日常生活レジリエンス尺度：Resilience Inventory for Daily Life of University Students（RIDLUS）」の原案，「大学生版ライフスキル尺度：Life Skills Scale for University Students（LSSUS）」および「大学生版ポジティブ・コーピング尺度： Positive Coping Scale for University Students（PCSUS）」であった。RIDLUSの開発，およびその構造性の検討のために，探索的因子分析，信頼性係数の算出，検証的因子分析，相関分析，クラスター分析および高次因子分析を行った。

【結果】RIDLUSの原案に対する探索的因子分析の結果，5因子25項目が抽出され，各下位因子の信頼性係数は，すべて.80以上を示した。抽出された因子構造をもとに検証的因子分析を行った結果，各適合度指標は，統計学的基準値を満たした。また，相関分析の結果，開発した尺度と関連が想定されたLSSUSおよびPCSUSの各下位因子との間に，有意な相関が認められた。さらに，クラスター分析および高次因子分析の結果，2つの1次因子（「個人内資源」および「社会的資源」）を有すると仮定した尺度構造において，各適合度指標は，統計学的基準値を満たした。

【考察】分析の結果，一定水準の信頼性と構成概念妥当性および基準関連妥当性を備えた，5因子25項目（各5項目）で構成される「大学生版日常生活レジリエンス尺度（RIDLUS）」が開発された。各因子の項目数が揃えられたことにより，レーダーチャートなどを用いた視覚的なフィードバックを行うことが可能となった。また，多くの変数を用いたモデルを分析する際には，レジリエンスを「個人内資源」と「社会的資源」に大別して使用することもでき，研究上の実用性も高い尺度であると考えられた。

According to previous studies surveying dietary supplements for sports athletes, proteins and amino acids are mainly utilized to decrease post-training fatigue. Additionally, peptides as an intermediate product, composed of two or more amino acids, are well known as an anti-oxidative supplement that shows high absorbency. Egg White Peptide (EWP), produced by hydrolyzing egg white with a neutral protease, has strong anti-oxidative effects, and is anticipated to be useful as a functional ingredient for improving endurance training and maintaining physical conditioning. The results of three human studies suggest that EWP is effective and applicable to decrease muscle damage following physically demanding training sessions. Moreover, it is expected that administration of EWP would be highly effective for the treatment of muscle fatigue during prolonged strenuous exercise (marathon running) and/or overtraining. This overview of the effect of EWP dietary supplementation for daily endurance activities indicates its utility in improving physical conditioning of athletes and citizen runners.