近年, 土砂災害から住民の早期避難を促すための警戒避難情報の充実化が図られている。一方, 避難を促す消防職団員は, 豪雨時には浸水被害など土砂災害以外にも気を配る必要があり, 避難誘導が後手になる可能性がある。本研究では, 平成23年那智川水害時の消防職団員の対応と警戒情報発令時刻の関係を整理するとともに, 今後の土砂災害時の対応や避難訓練のあり方を検討するために消防職団員へのヒアリングを実施した。地域の土砂災害の危険箇所を把握し, その地域に即した避難計画を作成し, 避難訓練を行うこととで災害時にはすみやかに避難誘導できる可能性があることが分かった。

Information about damages on houses due to debris flow is one of key information to plan early-warning strategies and to predict magnitude of disasters. However, most of these information was based on the field survey in 1980s and early 1990s. So, we consider that updated information should be necessary to improve strategy of countermeasures against debris flow. Here we surveyed damaged level of houses and deposited sediment depths around these houses for 34 debris flow events occurred in 2009-2018. We surveyed more than 800 damaged houses. We classified these houses into 8 levels in terms of damaged level. We quantified relationship between deposited sediment depth and damaged level of houses. Moreover, we found that effects of catchment topography, such as drainage area and riverbed gradient, were not clear. On the other hand, peak rainfall intensity gave a large impact on relationship between deposited sediment depth and damaged level of houses.

いまや国民病の一つともいえる鼻アレルギーの有病率は，2019年に50％に迫っておりなかでもスギ花粉症の有病率が急増している。鼻アレルギーの治療法として，患者とのコミュニケーション，抗原除去と回避，薬物療法，アレルゲン免疫療法（皮下・舌下），手術療法などが鼻アレルギー診療ガイドラインでも推奨されている。適切に鼻アレルギー治療を行うには，その原因を診断することが重要であるが，小児鼻アレルギーは患児の訴えが多岐に富んでおり，しばしば診断困難なケースも経験する。筆者は詳細な問診と，下鼻甲介粘膜や鼻汁の視診から概ね診断は可能と考える。検査は患児への侵襲を考え鼻汁好酸球検査を多用している。治療は投薬が中心であるが，手術加療や適応年齢が5歳に引き下がった舌下免疫療法も積極的に実施している。今回，小児鼻アレルギーについて，

Distribution of the anadromous red-spotted masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae in Japan was evaluated from data published in “River Fishery, vol. 1–6” between 1930 and 1934 and in 1937 by the Fisheries Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Japan. Catches of salmon were recorded in 26 rivers from Shizuoka to Yamaguchi Prefecture on Honshu Island and 5 rivers in Tokushima and Kochi Prefectures on Shikoku Island, but no distribution was indicated in rivers in Fukuoka and Oita Prefectures on Kyushu Island between 1927 and 1931. The best-fitted model of Generalized Liner Model indicated that both of latitude and river length had significant positive effects on the presence of salmon. Salmon is possibly distributed only in large rivers, particularly in the southern region. Probability of distribution of salmon as correct classification in 64 rivers and misclassification in 15 rivers including the Shimanto River in southwestern Shikoku Island were calculated from the best-fitted model. Catch of salmon was not recorded in data published by the Fisheries Agency, but that published in 1912 by the local government in Hata, Kochi Prefecture, and our analysis indicated salmon presence in the Shimanto River. Although the Nahari River (the river mouth, 33˚25'21″N, 134˚0'42″E) in southeastern Shikoku Island had been shown to be the southern limit in data published by the Fisheries Agency, we suggested the Shimanto River (32˚55'58″N, 132˚59'39″E) the southernmost limit. In this study, we reveal previous distribution of the anadromous red-spotted masu salmon in 26 rivers in Honshu Island and 6 rivers including the Shimanto River, in Shikoku Island in Japan.

要旨：本研究では、近世・近代に隆盛を誇った牡蠣船に着目し、近世から現代にかけての牡蠣船の歴史的変遷や機能的・形態的変化を捉えることを目的に、文献調査、ヒアリング調査、現地調査を行った。その結果、牡蠣の販路拡大のための運搬船として生まれた牡蠣船は、その営業形態が生産物販売から調理、飲食等の付加価値販売へと移行していくにつれて、屋形船形態への変化や機能用途の付加及び規模拡張がなされ、その変遷を捉えた。また、現存する牡蠣船は水面利用の一方策として位置付けられ、地域特有の観光資源として価値認識がなされてきている状況を明らかにした。