In the slope section of a train service line located in mountainous area, idling of the wheels often occurs in autumn. It is known that the formation of black films on the rail is a main cause of the idling. As a countermeasure, some railway vehicles are implemented “sanding device” to prevent the idling, but it seems not enough to stop the idling in heavy autumn. Consequently, removing black films is considered the most effective method.Due the formation mechanism of the black films on the rail has not been clarified, the authors developed a simulator system to investigate how black films form on the rail. This system consists of two apparatuses, one is a wheel/rail rolling contact device which simulates the process of that wheel crushes fallen leaves under arbitrary load. The other is a rail cooling system which observes the changes of fallen leaves crushed on the rail. This paper describes the relationship between black film thickness and the number of wheel passing, as well as the visual changing process of black film.
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