Serum levels of three classes of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) in pathological conditions were measured by quantitative precipitin reaction using class specific antisera.
Increases of three classes of immunoglobulins were found in chronic liver diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and malignant lymphoma so far investigated.
Liver cirrhosis had the higher level of IgG than chronic hepatitis. In histological studies on liver biopsy specimens, IgG was shown to have a correlation with hepatic fibrosis, hepatocyte degeneration and mesenchymal reaction. In acute hepatitis IgA and IgM were elevated, but IgG was within normal limits. A patient with Rotor's syndrome had an increased IgA and a slightly elevated IgM with a low IgG level.
Systemic lupus erythematosus showed an increase of IgG and IgA with normal or slightly decreased IgM.
In nephrotic syndrome all three classes of immunoglobulins were reduced with the less decrease of IgM.
In monoclonal gammopathy, the anomalous protein showed the highest level of corresponding immunoglobulin class and the remaining immunoglobulins were usually decreased, while in Bence Jones proteinemia, all immunoglobulins were within normal range.
In cases of acute leukemia treated with corticosteroid, three classes of immunoglobulins were decreased, though chronic myelogenous leukemia showed a normal IgG and a slightly elevated IgA with a reduced IgM level.
In agammaglobulinemia all three classes of immunoglobulins were most conspicuously decreased. Five cases of ataxia teleangiectasia showed a selectively low concentration of IgA. In these cases IgG levels were normal or slightly reduced with elevated IgM levels.
Pathophysiological meanings of these findings have been discussed with special reference to metabolic behaviours of each class of immunoglobulin under the conditions described.

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Serum concentration of apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and B (apo B) was determined by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. The monospecific antiserum for the assay was prepared in the rabbits by immunizing with isolated and purified apo A-I or LDL. The supporting medium for the electrophoresis was prepared with 1% agarose-gel which contained 1.5% anti-apo A-I or 2% anti-apo B. Serum samples were carbamylated before electrophoresis. A normal serum usually required 1: 12 dilution for apo A-I and 1: 6 dilution for apo B. The electrophoresis was carried out at constant voltage of 2V/cm for 16 hours at 15°C. The buffer was 0.02M veronal at pH 8.6. The immunoprecipitates were stained with amido black 10B and measured the hights. The apoprotein concentrations were expressed as arbitrary units/100ml where the serum used for references assumed to contain 100 units/100ml of each apoprotein.
Apo A-I and apo B levels in 9 young healthy males revealed 102 ± 18 units/100ml and 99 ± 29 units/100ml, respectively. In 11 young females, apo A-I and apo B were 111 ± 7 and 102 ± 21 units/100ml, respectively (TABLE I). Increased levels of apo B was observed in hyperlipidemic subjects. In 7 patients with type II hyperlipidemia mean apo B lavel was 203± 26 units/100ml and in 16 type IV patients the level was 208 ± 16 units/100ml. These values were significantly higher than 18 controls with apo B concentration of 124 ± 24 units/100ml. Apo A-I in hyperlipidemics showed slight decrease in type II patients but no significant changes in type IV cases (TABLE II).
Serum concentration of apo B significantly correlated with the cholesterol levels. On the other hand, apo A-I levels correlated with cholesterol concentration in normolipidemic subjects but the correlation was inversed in hyperlipidemics (TABLE III). These observation suggested that in hyperlipidemics the serum apo A-I was relatively deficient for their cholesterol content.

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(1) The cathepsin activity of the liver revealed no change in degree in a rabbit treated repeatedly with CCl₄ and in a normal one, while that of the spleen was greater in the former than in the latter.
(II) Incubation in rabbit serum of a liver slice from a normal rabbit and from a CCl₄ treated one showed that the total nitrogen, the non protein nitrogen, and the total protein content of the medium was increased in both cases, and that the albumin content was decreased and the α-globulin content increased in the former case, but not in the latter.
Incubation in γ-globulin solution of a liver slice, and incubation in rabbit serum of a spleen slice, either from a normal or from a CCl₄ treated rabbit, caused no notable change in the contents of the medium.
The fact that a normal liver (and spleen) was not different in cathepsin activity from one in chronic CCl₄ intoxication appeared to indicate that protein metabolism in the liver (and spleen) was maintained at normal level even in case the liver (and spleen) was impaired, although a decline in albumin metabolism in an impaired liver might imply a rise in globulin metabolism in such an impaired liver.

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The net production of serum albumin and γ-globulin by human liver slices in vitro was studied by means of immunochemical quantitative precipitation reaction.
The results were as follows:
1. The average values of net production of albumin and γ-globulin in 5 cases of nonliver diseases was 0.17 and 0.07mg. per g. of the liver per hour, respectively.
2. The correlation between the net production of albumin and that of γ-globulin was found.
3. In cases of liver diseases the net production of albumin decreased correlating with their liver function (Bromsulphalein test, Takata test.). However, the net production of γ-globulin did not decrease in liver diseases except for icteric cases, but rather increased in some cases.

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既報告につづいて慢性PCB中毒患者の検査所見を追加し，あわせて絶食療法についての報告をおこなつた。臨床所見と検査成績を綜合してつぎのことがいえる。
1) 自験症例は慢性PCB中毒患者であることをさらに確めえた。
2) 体内のPCB(ここではKC500)は胆道を経て腸内に排泄される。
3) 絶食療法により改善されたものは皮膚所見と尿中17KS値である。脂肪中のPCB量の減少も特筆すべきであるが，体内のPCBは残留しており改善されないものが多い。ことに，一時的であるとは考えられるが，絶食療法により肝の障害は強くなるといえる。

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