本研究では,質問紙調査(自由記述)データの質的分析手法により,英語専攻の日本人大学生の授業外英語学習内容のカテゴリを生成し,学習内容と言語熟達度(TOEIC[○!R]IP)により測定)の関係を明らかにした.分析結果から,言語熟達度の高群では,スカイプの使用や英会話教育施設に通うなど,他者とのインタラクションをともなう授業外英語学習が実践されているだけでなく,英字新聞や海外のテレビ番組など真正性の高い教材が使われ,聞く・書く・話すなどを同時に行う領域横断的で総合的な英語学習が行われていることが明らかになった.一方,言語熟達度の低群では,文法や語彙の学習,高校時代の英語教材の復習など,リメディアルな英語学習および,教科書のモデル英文の書き写しや日本語訳を行う学習など,テキスト中心の学習が行われていることが明らかになった.

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岩手県気仙地方の言語ケセン語には文字がなかった.著者はこれにケセン仮名という固有の文字を与え,さらにその不足を補ってケセン式ローマ字を考案し,文法的構造から音調までも正確に記述できる正書法を確立した.その文法体系を総合的に記述し,これを学習するための教科書を作成した.またすべての語彙に豊富な用例がついている,3万4000に反ぶ語彙項目を収載する辞書を編纂した.これらの研究によって,ケセン語による文学の創出が可能になり,多くの作品群を生み出した.方言差別による劣等感に悩んできた気仙衆は大きな勇気と誇りを回復している.ケセン語による詩作,歌曲の創作,ケセン語演劇の劇団の活動,ケセンそのものについての数多くのテレビ・などが次々に生まれ,最近はギリシャ語原典から直接ケセン語に翻訳された,朗読CDつきのケセン語訳新約聖書も発行されている.文字は文化を発展させるのだ.

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This paper explores the experiences of successful foreign language learners. First, based upon the experiences of the masters of English in the past, the importance of reading extensively authentic English materials such as English literature is discussed. Second, the author analyzes her own personal interviews with contemporary masters and successful learners of English, Chinese and Japanese as a foreign language and attempts to identify the effective ways they have used in common in their language learning. The ‘oral histories’ of advanced level foreign language learners are used to consider how extensive reading and extensive listening help them to become competent bilinguals who can use more than one language practically, skillfully and strategically. Some testimonies also report that reading graded readers is quite effective especially for the intermediate learners.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of two types of primary English conversation curricula upon students' behavior, by a case study based on a questionnaire survey to graduates. I surveyed 657 students belonging to two junior high schools, and asked their affective orientations to English learning. The two types of curricula they experienced differed in the weight between English learning and intercultural learning. Primary English conversation in Japan was started within the hour for "Integrated Study" as a part of international understanding education. A point of issue is whether it has a synergy effect on students or not, to teach both foreign language and intercultural communication together. The task of curriculum stady is to elucidate the question on the effect of this curriculum; what is an educational influence on students when they experienced these two types of learning simultaneously? In this paper, I paid attention to the synergy effect of intercultural learning and English learning, and analyzed the students' attitude and their affective aspect such as interests and concerns by comparison with the curricula experienced in their primary school days which are named as "Intercultural and English learning balanced type" and "English learning weighted type". Firstly, in the aspect of English learning, I found the "Intercultural and English learning balanced type" curriculum is tend to make students smoothly adapted for the present junior high school English; and for the "English learning weighted type" curriculum, it became clear that students recognized English as a tool of communication. On the other hand, in the aspect of intercultural learning, the "Intercultural and English learning balanced type" curriculum showed a high tendency to raise students' intercultural concern on the whole. Furthermore, regardless of the characteristic of curricula, they showed clearly the affirmative attitude to English learning, acquired by the communication activities they experienced in their primary schools. This implies that their positive attitude to communication is the main factor to raise their intercultural consciousness.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the architectural characteristics of Kyoto Tower Building, which was designed by Mamoru Yamada. The description of space composition and the features of the architectural design of Kyoto Tower Building, at the initial completion time, are based on a documentary film showing the building under construction and pictures and drawings held by Osaka Yamada Mamoru Architects and Engineers. On the basis of Yamada's studies of the floor plans, the rough drawings and perspectives, the design process of this building is analyzed.

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本稿では,終戦から1947年5月までの,米軍による占領の初期における学校図書館改革の着手ついて,日米に残された史料と当時を生きた先駆者のインタビューによって明らかにした。教育改革,新教科課程の成立,学校教育法施行規則の立案,学校図書館コンサルタント招聘に関する文書によれば,1946年の秋には,すでに日米双方の中央の関係者に,学校図書館の必要性が認識されるに至っていた。またインタビューの証言によれば,学校教育現場においても,1947年の春までに,現場の教師や児童・生徒の間に読書を支える施設を求める動きが生まれてきていた。そして,1947年春に学校図書館コンサルタントのグラハムが来日したことを契機に,改革の動きは両国関係者の協同作業へと展開した。グラハムは「学校図書館の手引き」の編集作業その他を通して,日本の教育者や図書館関係者に積極的に学校図書館に関する指導および啓蒙を行い,改革の着手のためにリーダーシップを発揮した。

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