Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm (QEA) is an extension of evolutionary algorithm in which quantum mechanics and its representations are introduced. A chromosome in QEA is represented as a series of quantum-bit (qubit), and phase-rotation gates are embedded into the selection process over generations. This algorithm has been shown to have better performances than the classical ones in small benchmark problems, but this has not yet been applied to larger scale problems. We show the performances of this QEA by solving the Knapsack Problem and Maximum Search Problem. We also investigate the diversity of individuals in a population in order to estimate the robustness against environmental changes.

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While variable renewable energy source, VRE, such as photovoltaic power, rapidly increases, concerns over the shortage of downward adjustment margin of conventional large-scale power generation facilities become patent. We propose a new type of demand response, named iDR, which mitigates curtailment of

- of VRE by embracing a large number of pieces of small IoT appliances with minute energy demand particle size through IoT technology. Our potential simulation shows that the iDR is able to substantially mitigate the curtailment of photovoltaic - by dispatching power consumption to iDR appliances using iDR applications.

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本稿では、逐次通訳におけるノートテーキングを手掛かりに、人間はなぜ通訳を介して異⽂化間のコミュニケーションをはかることができるのかを、トマセロの協⼒モデルの枠組みを参照に考察し、ノートテーキング付きの逐次通訳は何に動機づけられて成⽴するのかに迫る。これまで通訳者個人の直感と実務経験から得られた略字や記号を用いると述べられてきたノートテーキングの表記内容・表記⽅法は、通訳者が聴取した原発言の一般的な概念表⽰に動機づけられた意味論レベルの処理段階であり、その表記内容は最小命題の主要素を構成する概念表⽰の断片を構造化して表記していることがわかった。また、訳出局面では、ノートテーキングの表記をもとに通訳者が語用論操作を⾏って訳出していることが分かった。この語用論的操作を可能にさせるのは、協⼒モデルでいうコミュニケーション参与者間の共有志向性が⼤きな役割を果たしていることを主張した。

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Data-to-Textタスクは, 気象予報マップや時系列株価データといった様々な形式のデータからその内容を説明するテキストを生成する研究課題である. ニューラルネットワーク技術の進歩により, 複雑なデータの特徴を捉え, その内容を正確に記述する文章の生成が可能となってきた. しかし, 複数文からなる文書の生成においては, 内容誤りは少ないものの, 同じ話題が複数文に渡って繰り返し言及されていたり, 各文章の話題の一貫性が欠けている文書が生成されてしまう問題があることが知られている. 本研究は, Data-to-Textタスクにおいて, 記述する内容の正確性に加え, 言及する話題に重複が無く, 一貫性のある文書を生成することを目標とする. 本論文では, 言及する話題とその順番を表すトピック系列を予測・付与し, これらの情報に基づくことで生成テキストの一貫性を制御する手法を提案する. 評価実験では, トピック系列を事前にモデルへ与えることで, 話題に重複がなく, 一貫性のあるテキストが生成できるようになることを示す.

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In this paper, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is proposed as a model organism for studying chemical effects over multiple generations. We investigated whether C. elegans responds to vertebrate steroid hormones. We found that estrogenic steroids, especially estradiol (E2), have a cholesterol-like potency in supporting the reproduction of C. elegans. In contrast, testosterone (TS) and diethylstilbestrol (DES) did not display this potency. On the other hand, E2, TS and DES supressed the fecundity rate of C. elegans, when culture carried out with cholesterol. Moreover effect of TS accumulated , in contrast to the other chemicals tested. These data suggested that with convenient biomarkers such as fecundity, C. elegans might be an effective model organism for studying chemical actions, including the disruption of reproduction.

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Micro-genetic algorithm has been applied incorporating boundary element analysis to the optimal design of lifting bodies, i.e., hydrofoil, propeller etc. In case of hydrofoil, the 2-dimensional section with NACA 66 (mod.) thickness distribution and NACA a=0.8 camber distribution are fitted with B-spline polygon vertices. Then the change in shape of the 2-D section is made by shifting B-spline polygon vertices vertically. Using this generated section, trapezoidal hydrofoil is analyzed by 3-D boundary element method. GA then updates the section shape by shifting polygon vertices and finally finds the optimum section, for which, hydrofoil attains highest L/D ratio satisfying some imposed constraints. In case of propeller, chord, pitch, maximum thickness and camber ratios are also fitted with B-spline. The variations in the distributions are made by shifting B-spline polygon vertices, and improved propeller of highest efficiency is found by GA satisfying some design constraints. In this study, μGA is found useful and prospective tool for the optimization of lifting bodies incorporating analysis method because of its faster convergence.

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Since the third Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on the Climate Change (COP3) in 1997, it has become clear that: (1) Japan will be the biggest buyer of the carbon credit in Asia; (2) Asian countries will be the big suppliers of the credit; (3) energy and environmental issues will be the restraining factors for sustainable development in almost all Asian countries; (4) risk sharing between the Japanese government and businesses is necessary considering the amount of the uncertainty entailed by the Kyoto Protocol; (5) it is important to collaborate internationally to reduce transaction costs and to minimize Japan's costs of complying with the Kyoto Protocol, and (6) usage of public funds by Japan will have a big impact on global society due to its volume and Japan's responsible role in terms of development aid.
To secure economic efficiency and control of carbon credits price, it is essential for the Japanese government that it quickly establishes a transparent and economically-efficient system for the four credit mechanisms: Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Joint Implementation (JI), excess emission allowance (hot air) trade with Russia, and domestic greenhouse gas emission reduction project (“unilateral JI”) in Japan with a special budget (carbon account) for credit purchase which is additional to current ODA flow to comply with the requirement of the Kyoto protocol.
Therefore, for CDM and JI, a possible option is the establishment of a system similar to Netherlands' Emission Reduction Units Purchase Tender (ERUPT)/Certified Emission Reduction Units Purchase Tender (CERUPT) program. For emission allowance trade with Russia, it could use the Green Investment Scheme (GIS), which invests revenues from assigned amount sales in domestic climate policy measures in Russia. Except for the credits from “unilateral JI” which has a positive influence on the domestic employment in Japan, the international market prices can be a principal index of the credits purchase tender.
The author prefers more aggressive strategy for Japan, such as to offer incentives for developing countries by setting “target zone with upper limit and lower limit” for credit prices and volume, while avoiding Japan's overburdens for the compliance to the Kyoto commitments and global environmental risks derived from the - of the cheap carbon credits.

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Since solar power generation has increased rapidly, balancing function, especially in the form of increasing demand, is becoming needed. We propose technique of demand response in which an aggregator dispatches home appliances expected to be IoT-ready in the near future in order to consume the surplus deriving from

- of solar energy.

In this study, assuming that such an aggregator could be an energy retailer as well, this demand dispatch is provided to customers as an energy service and also offered to the power system operator as a balancing function. An experimental demand dispatch system is implemented, and challenges are pointed out such as an error between target demand value to be increased and actually dispatched demand value.

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The 60MWh vanadium flow battery system was installed in Minami-Hayakita substation of Hokkaido Electric Power Co., Inc. (HEPCO), and started operation December 2015, to demonstrate application of the storage battery as a dispatchable power source like fire plants and hydro plants. In commissioning tests, initial characteristics of the flow battery system, such as energy capacity, system efficiency, and response time, are confirmed. These results satisfied the specification of the system. This system has been operated to demonstrate various types of control modes such as load frequency control, compensation for wind power and PV output fluctuation, control for countermeasure against , and so on. In periodic evaluation, it is confirmed that there is no deterioration of energy capacity and system efficiency, which are main performance parameters, for these 2 years of operation.

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Since solar power generation has increased rapidly, balancing function, especially in the form of increasing demand, is becoming needed. We proposed technique of active demand creation in previous study in which an aggregator dispatched home appliances expected to be IoT-ready in the near future in order to consume the surplus deriving from

- of solar energy.

In this study, we evaluate operating characteristics of PCS by experiment on active demand creation co-operated with solar power generation. In this experiment, our demand dispatch system implemented in previous study sends mitigated curtailment rate to existing PCS. Deference between demand creation characteristics and PCS output characteristics is discovered in the experiment and a solution to this challenge is proposed in this paper.

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 The aim of this paper is to reveal the features of spatial resources through comprehension of the places and the cognition and the description as ‘Kamakura's good mark’ by ‘Kamakurasan’ facebook page. First, we classify the filmed pictures, and compare with tour guide book and landscape view. And, we consider the meaning of the process from posting to evaluation as the generation of the place according to the discussion of landscape.
 The results are as follows: 1) There exist stations and local parks as spatial resources with temples or shrines, and the nature. 2) We classified ‘temporality’ as the character of the cognition and the description of spatial resources according to the evaluation of the pictures which show the transit of time or season. 3) We revealed the process of ‘Kamakurasan’ by strength of the fraction of an instant with weak community of spatial accessibility as possibility of ‘the generation of the place’.

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This paper discusses how to integrate variable power source such as wind power and photovoltaic generation into a power grid. The intermittent renewable generation is expected to penetrate for less carbon intensive power supply system, but it causes voltage control problem in the distribution system, and supply-demand imbalance problem in a whole power system. Cooperative control of customers' energy storage equipment such as water heater with storage tank for reducing inverse power flow from the roof-top PV system, the operation technique using a battery system and the solar radiation forecast for stabilizing output of variable generation, smart charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for load frequency control (LFC), and other methods to integrate variable power source with improving social benefits are surveyed.

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Photodynamic therapy is useful for the treatment of cancer because it is minimally invasive for patients. Certain porphyrin compounds and their derivatives have been used as the photosensitizer because they accumulate specifically in cancerous tissues. However, the detailed mechanism of this phenomenon has not been clarified. We previously reported that a proton-coupled folate transporter, HCP1, transported porphyrins and that regulation of the protein was associated with cancer-specific reactive oxygen species from mitochondria (mitROS). Therefore, - of mitROS could increase HCP1 expression and the effect of photodynamic therapy. We investigated whether pretreatment with indomethacin influenced photodynamic therapy by using a rat normal gastric mucosal cell line, RGM1, its cancer-like mutated cell line, RGK1, and a manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD)-overexpressing RGK cell line, RGK-MnSOD. Indomethacin promotes the generation of cellular mitROS by inhibiting the electron transport chain, and MnSOD scavenges the mitROS. We elucidated that indomethacin enhanced cancer-specific mitROS generation and increased HCP1 expression. Furthermore, RGK1 cells showed higher cellular incorporation of hematoporphyrin and better therapeutic effect with indomethacin treatment whereas RGK-MnSOD cells did not show a difference. Thus, we concluded that indomethacin improved the effect of photodynamic therapy by inducing increased mitROS generation in cancer cells.

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Comstockaspis perniciosa is a pest that injures Japanese pear, citrus, and other economically important fruit trees. The addition of 1,000-fold diluted buprofezin to 150-fold diluted machine oil suppressed the density of the next generation of C. perniciosa. Additionally, buprofezin added to sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether showed a higher control effect on C. perniciosa than buprofezin alone or when added to machine oil. Generally, C. perniciosa is treated with pesticides during the hatching peak period at the end of May to effectively control outbreaks. If it is treated 2 weeks earlier, then buprofezin can suppress the density of hatchlings and a higher effect occurs with the addition of a paraffin-spreading agent.

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Tetraethoxysilane (TEES) is produced as a major by-product from the disproportionation of triethoxysilane (TRES) during the non-halogen process to produce monosilane SiH₄ for polycrystalline silicon manufacturing. In this study, the hydrolysis of TEES was carried out to produce silica fines in the gaseous phase as an effective use of the TEES by-product. We expected to attain higher conversion under lower temperature than in the case of tetramethoxysilane TEMS. One-hundred percent conversion was obtained under 923 K and above, and such temperature is relatively low compared to the 100% conversion temperature of TEMS, which was more than 1123 K.

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We tried to achieve artificial photosynthesis systems by using gel to generate hydrogen when visible light and water are supplied. Three types of gels involving electronic transmission circuit with sensitizer, electron acceptor and catalyst were designed and the amount of generated H₂ gas was measured. In the gel systems, hydrogen was generated more efficiently than in the solution systems, and all the functional groups constructed in the gel network worked effectively and cooperated each other to generate hydrogen.

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多雌花性のスイカを幼苗期に選抜するために、STS(チオ硫酸銀)を利用した簡易な検定法を検討した.1) 子葉展開期、本葉1枚展開期に3∿6mMのSTSを葉面散布(約2ml/株)することにより、第1雌花着生節位が無処理区よりも低下した.子葉展開期での処理がより効果が高く、無処理区に比べ平均約2節低下し、その結果第1雌花着生節位の低い系統では4節位から雌花が着生した。雌花着生数の多い品種ほどSTS処理によって第1雌花着生節位が下がる傾向が認められた。2) 雌花着生数の多い品種と少ない品種のF₂集団においても、STS処理後の第1雌花着生節位の低い個体ほど雌花着生数の多い傾向が認められた。STS処理されたF₂集団から第1雌花着生節位の低い個体と高い個体を選抜して、それらのF₃世代における雌花着生数を調査したところ、第1雌花着生節位の低い個体の後代は高い個体の後代よりも雌花着生数が多くなり、第1雌花着生節位による選抜効果が認められた。以上の結果から、子葉期にSTSを処理することによって、定植適期(本葉5∿6枚)までに多雌花性個体を選抜することが可能であった.また、本手法により、従来定植後に判断していた多雌花性個体の選抜が育苗段階で可能となり、育種効率の向上に大きく寄与すると考えられた.

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