Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of video images of occlusal contacts (), a method that was developed for occlusal analysis at the intercuspal position.
Materials and Methods : Images were obtained by computer imaging techniques applied to silicone bite records. Photographic images of the occlusal surfaces were displayed with occlusal contacts superimposed on them. Levels of intra- and inter-examiner agreement for detection of occluding teeth were evaluated for , articulating film, shimstock and silicone bite records. Two examiners performed occlusal examinations twice for 20 subjects using the four methods. Percent agreement and Kappa statistics were used for data analysis. The percent agreements were divided into positive (contact) and negative (no contact) agreement in order to evaluate their distribution.
Results : Based on the Kappa statistics, articulating film showed the lowest levels of agreement, and shimstock, silicone bite records and showed approximately equal levels of agreement. From the percent agreements, showed the most unbiased distribution of positive and negative agreements while the other methods tended to show higher proportions of positive agreements.
Conclusion : The and silicone bite methods were as reliable as shimstock for evaluating occlusal contact. Articulating film was the least reliable. The most unbiased distribution of positive and negative agreement was found for , while the other methods exhibited higher proportions of positive agreement.

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®3のモノポーラ，バイポーラ，バイクランプの機能は頭頸部手術において有用である。モノポーラのプレサイスセクトモードは，組織の炭化が少なく組織抵抗によらず剥離能力が一定であるうえに素早く効果的な止血力を有する。バイポーラの凝固モードであるソフトコアグバイポーラは，低温加熱で組織を炭化させずに十分な凝固止血能を有する。切開モードのバイポーラオートカットで，器具を持ちかえることなく凝固した血管を切離することができる。バイクランプによるサーモシールでは血管を周囲組織ごと挟んでスイッチを踏むと，組織が炭化せずに約100℃で組織や血管が融合し，しっかりと凝固される。凝固された後は組織を剪刀などで切離する。®3を用いることにより，初心者，ベテランにかかわらず動静脈の素早く確実な止血操作が可能となり，手術での結紮止血操作は激減し，短時間で効率的な手術が可能となる。

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Indoor tracking is in demand in various field. For example, pedestrian navigation, activity/health monitoring, augmented reality can be sited.

(Visual-Inertial Odometry) method has been established as a localization method, but it is difficult to estimate in the low visibility location. Although this problem can be solved by localization by the inertial sensor alone, it is known that large errors will occur. Recent studies have shown that the error can be significantly alleviated by using deep neural networks. Human beings move variously not only to walking or running. However, there are few studies focusing on this, and estimation accuracy for movement including multiple kind of movements such as including both walking and running is low. In this research we aim to develop a robust localization method for changes in human movement using inertial sensor.

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We propose a low-power eFuse one-time programmable (OTP) memory IP based on a bipolar CMOS DMOS (BCD) process. It is an eFuse OTP memory cell which uses separate transistors that are optimized in program and in read mode. The eFuse cell also uses poly-silicon gates having co-silicide. An asynchronous interface and a separate I/O method are used for the low-power and small-area eFuse OTP memory IP. Additionally, we propose a new circuit protecting a short-circuit current in the VDD-to- voltage level translator circuit while the VDD voltage is being generated by the voltage regulator at power-up. A digital sensing circuit using clocked inverters is used to sense a bit-line (BL) datum. Furthermore, the poly-silicon of the IP is split into n+ poly-silicon and p+ poly-silicon to optimize the eFuse link. The layout size of the designed eFuse OTP memory IP with Dongbu HiTek's 0.18µm BCD process is 283.565 × 524.180µm². It is measured by manufactured test IPs with Dongbu HiTek's 0.18µm BCD process that the programming voltage of the n+ gate poly-silicon is about 0.1V less than that of the p+ gate poly-silicon.

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The axial length of the polar flagellum (Pof) of Vibrio alginolyticus is about 5μm. We previously isolated mutants that make abnormally long flagella. The swarm sizes of these mutants in a soft agar plate are smaller than that of a wild-type strain. We cloned a DNA fragment into the pMF209 plasmid that restored the swarming ability of the long-Pof strain 578. The swimming speed and flagellar length of these transformants were almost equal to the wild-type values. The amounts of PF47 flagellin and PF60 sheath-associated protein, which increased in the long-Pof mutants, were retrieved to almost the wild-type level in the transformants. The plasmid pMF209 contained only a 143bp chromosomal fragment whose sequence is about 80% similar to that of the motX promoter region of V. parahaemolyticus. We speculate that this sequence interacts with a regulatory protein that controls Pof expression. The mutation causing the long-Pof phenotype may be in the gene encoding this protein or in the control region of a structural gene that is regulated by this protein.

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As one type of machine-learning model, a “decision-tree ensemble model” (DTEM) is represented by a set of decision trees. A DTEM is mainly known to be valid for structured data; however, like other machine-learning models, it is difficult to train so that it returns the correct output value (called “prediction value”) for any input value (called “attribute value”). Accordingly, when a DTEM is used in regard to a system that requires reliability, it is important to comprehensively detect attribute values that lead to malfunctions of a system (failures) during development and take appropriate countermeasures. One conceivable solution is to install an input filter that controls the input to the DTEM and to use separate software to process attribute values that may lead to failures. To develop the input filter, it is necessary to specify the filtering condition for the attribute value that leads to the malfunction of the system. In consideration of that necessity, we propose a method for formally verifying a DTEM and, according to the result of the verification, if an attribute value leading to a failure is found, extracting the range in which such an attribute value exists. The proposed method can comprehensively extract the range in which the attribute value leading to the failure exists; therefore, by creating an input filter based on that range, it is possible to prevent the failure. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, we performed a case study using a dataset of house prices. Through the case study, we also evaluated its scalability and it is shown that the number and depth of decision trees are important factors that determines the applicability of the proposed method.

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Recently, the coagulation method instilling saline on active electrodes of electrosurgical generators with SOFT Coagulation has been used. This study verified what change this method brings.
Followings were used: 300D(ERBE) / electrosurgical generator, EIP2(ERBE) / irrigation pump, ball-type IO-advance electrode / active electrode, physiological saline, and porcine liver. Output mode was SOFT Coagulation (80W/E5), with the activation time of 3, 6, 9, and 12 seconds for with/without saline instillation. Saline instillation rate was set to one drop (0.05ml) per one second. The output was repeated 5 times respectively, and the mean values of diameter and depth were calculated from the obtained data.
In each output time, without instillation, mean coagulation diameters were 7.4/8.8/9.6/9.6mm and mean depths were 1.2/2.3/2.4/2.6mm. In output time of 9 seconds or longer, tissue adherence on the electrode was observed with little difference in coagulation diameter and depth. With instillation, mean coagulation diameters were 1.6/12.2/14.0/16.4mm, and mean depths were 0.3/2.5/3.6/7.0mm without tissue adherence.
Without instillation, as tissue coagulation progresses, resistance value is increased. Therefore, even in long time output, variation of diameter and depth becomes limited. Whereas, with instillation, the diameter and depth are increased due to the broadened range of current flow.

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Using high-pressure viscosity measurements of 23 kinds of VII-blended oil reported in Part 1, a high-pressure viscosity prediction formula for VII-blended oil was derived. This equation is expressed in a so-called Barus formula, and the pressure-viscosity coefficient is the secant pressure-viscosity coefficient α_B(p)_-Bl (= ln(η_pt / η_ot) /P) in each ln(η_pt) ‒ P relation curve. The calculation formula of α_B(p)_-Bl is composed of the corresponding base oil value α_B(p)_-Bf, the polymer coil itself pressure-viscosity coefficient α_Pm and the polymer concentration w_Pm (wt%). In relation to mentioned above, the volume fraction of one polymer molecule in hydrodynamically equivalent sphere, and the volume fraction of the hydrodynamic volume occupied in 100 cm³ of VII-blended oil at critical concentration c* of polymer coil were investigated. It was also found that the viscosity index

-Bl in the atmospheric pressure of the VII-blended oil drops with pressure. For this reason, the effect of temperature on the ln(η_pt) ‒ P relation curve, the influence of polymer type and base oil in η_i ‒ P ‒ t relationship, and the influence of polymer type on atmospheric pressure viscosity η_ot ‒ t relationship were discussed.

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Carotenoid mutants are useful for elucidating carotenoid metabolism. ‘Kusaie’ is a yellow-fruited form of ‘Rangpur’ (Citrus limonia Osbeck). Hyuganatsu (C. tamurana hort. ex Tanaka) is a mediumsized, light yellow fruit. Its bud mutation, wherein the fruit rind color becomes orange, is named ‘Orange-hyuga.’ To elucidate the mechanism underlying this alteration, their carotenoid composition and abscisic acid content were analyzed. In the flavedo of ‘Kusaie,’ significant phytoene accumulation, decreased xanthophyll, and ABA contents were observed, suggesting that phytoene desaturase was suppressed. Moreover, the total carotenoids in the juice sac of ‘Kusaie’ was significantly lesser than those in that of ‘Rangpur,’ suggesting that the production of carotenoids is suppressed in ‘Kusaie.’ In ‘Orange-hyuga,’ the total carotenoids was approximately 6-fold that of Hyuganatsu, and a significant xanthophyll accumulation, especially violaxanthin, was observed. Furthermore, ABA content was significantly lower. Accordingly, those might be associated with an altered gene expression balance upstream and downstream of biosynthesis. Difference in biosynthesis regulation in these color-altered cultivars might cause a change in the carotenoid contents and composition in fruits, which seemed to result in color changes from reddish-orange in ‘Rangpur’ to yellow in ‘Kusaie’ and from a light yellow color in Hyuganatsu to an orange color in ‘Orange-hyuga.’ In this study, these color-changing citrus mutants were observed to accumulate carotenoids differently from the original type, and we speculated that different changes occurred in carotenoid biosynthesis regulation.

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Proposed short pass filter (SPF) employment to improve efficiency of phosphor converted white LED based on near UV LED dies and remote RGB phosphor architecture. SPF is transparent for near UV radiation in the 390-430 nm spectral range and possesses high reflectance for visual spectral range. SPF is placed between near UV LED and phosphor layer and redirects part of down warding white light to the outside of the package. Demonstrated 26 % average improvements for the conversion efficiency from 10.9 to 8.0 mW/Lm and 24 % average increase for luminous efficacy for 3000°K CCT and 85 CRI.

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　今回, 経口的咽喉頭手術に最適化された, かつリユーザブルな器具として ① 柔軟性高周波ナイフ (250mm), ② 回転式マリアブル鉗子 (250mm), ③ 送水機能付きサクションコアギュレーター (200mm) を, フジタ医科器械と共同開発した. これらを高周波出力装置

3 (ERBE) と組み合わせて用いることで経口的咽頭悪性腫瘍手術を安全かつ確実に施行し得た. これらの器具は悪性腫瘍のみならず良性疾患の手術へも適用可能であり, 手技に習熟する機会の拡大を含めて, 経口的手術のさらなる普及と発展に寄与することが期待される.

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Shadowing practice has been introduced into English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom learning method and a number of empirical studies support its efficacy. However, these studies focused on sentence processing, while a number of intervening variables made it difficult to verify which factors might help learners to perceive and produce second language (L2) sounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of auditory word repetition in order to understand the cognitive processes in L2 repetition and clarify some effective means of repetitive practice that suit Japanese EFL learners. Forty Japanese university students participated in an auditory word repetition experiment and three factors of repetition (number of repetitions, repetition method, and processing orientation) were discussed. The results showed that a greater number of repetitions led to swifter and more stable responses, but did not improve accuracy. In addition, vocal repetition helped learners to produce each word quickle and correctly in an on-line condition. Finally, a positive learning effect could be seen when repetition followed semantic processing. The three factors of repetition seemed to have mutually complementary relationships and the overall findings underscored the importance of well-repetition tasks for Japanese EFL learners.

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統計的グリーン関数法などの波形合成法を適用する際の課題の一つとして、合成結果の振幅が中間周波数帯域で落ち込む場合があることが挙げられる。この問題の改善方法として、矩形クラックモデルに基づいて断層内のライズタイム、すべり量の非一様性を考慮した断層モデルを利用する方法を検討した。実務的な強震動評価に適用し易いライズタイムとすべり量の設定方法を示し、統計的グリーン関数法を用いた地震動評価を対象とした例題に適用して有効性を調べた。その結果、非一様性を考慮した断層モデルを用いることで、一様な断層モデルを利用した場合と比べ、合成結果の中間周波数帯域における落ち込みが生じにくくなることが確認できた。

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The combination of an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) and an “electrolyte charge storage system”, which is a completely novel charge storage method, was investigated. We screened p-type and n-type active materials and selected acetylferrocene for the former and 1, 1’-diheptyl-bipyridinium bis (tetrafluoroborate) for the latter. As a result, our capacitor effectively used the redox reactions of active materials dissolved in the electrolyte to increase its charge capacity. Self-discharge caused by the shuttle effect of active materials was almost suppressed using an anion-exchange membrane separator.

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To obtain the quantitative and qualitative data available for estimating the intake of carotenoids from fruits in Japan, carotenoids were analyzed with reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ten carotenoids were examined in 75 raw fruits and 15 processed fruits, all of which were harvested or purchased in Japan. Phytoene was detected in 58 of 90 fruit samples ; ζ-carotene, in 50 of 90 ; lycopene, in 13 of 90 ; α-carotene, in 18 of 90 ; lutein, in 56 of 90 ; β-carotene, in 80 of 90 ; β-cryptoxanthin, in 68 of 90 ; zeaxanthin, in 58 of 90 ; all-trans-violaxanthin, in 55 of 90 ; and 9-cis-violaxanthin, in 47 of 90 samples. Citrus fruits of the mandarin type (Satsuma mandarin and its hybrids, such as tangor) were rich in β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, all-trans-violaxanthin, and 9-cis-violaxanthin ; ‘Star ruby’ grapefruit in lycopene ; loquat, Japanese persimmon, and peach in β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, all-trans-violaxanthin, and 9-cis-violaxanthin ; mango in β-carotene, all-trans-violaxanthin, and 9-cis-violaxanthin ; acerolas in phytoene ; passion fruits in ζ-carotene. Carotenoid levels in common fruits, such as apple, grape, lemon, pear, strawberry, kiwifruit, cherry, pineapple, and banana, were low.

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