In view of the significant role of the water film effect in flow failure for a liquefied sandy deposit, the mechanism of water film generation is numerically studied based on a 1-dimensional model test. The process of water film growth and decay can be simulated to a certain extent by a simple consolidation analysis, which indicates that only a small difference in permeability in layered sand is enough for a water film to develop. A 1 G shaking table test for a two-dimensional slope model with an arc of silt within a saturated sand is then addressed to discuss the dilatancy effect exerted in sheared sand during flow failure. It is possible that, once the water film is formed, the transmission of shear stress through it is interrupted, leaving the sand below free from the dilatancy ; this eventually allows the water film to stay without being absorbed during flow failure. The result of another shaking table test for a trapezoidal slope with horizontal silt seams indicate that water films beneath the seams enable the soil mass above them to laterally flow along water films very gently inclined even after shaking. If a silt seam breaks due to excessive pressure in the water film, it triggers re-liquefaction in the upper sand and leads to further instability.

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Incoherent scatter spectra for a plasma with a negative ion component are calculated successively by the kinetic and hydrodynamic approaches. It is shown that mesospheric negative ions enhance significantly the scattered power and the width of the ion component of the incoherent scatter spectrum. A simplified method is proposed for determining the mesospheric parameters from the measured incoherent scatter spectrum.

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The behavior of the soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading is different from that subjected to sustained loading. The difference in settlement between these two loading patterns should be due to secondary compression over a long period of time. Consequently, soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading tend to be more compressible than those subjected to sustained loading. Therefore, it is necessary for engineers to predict post-construction settlements under repeated loading. In this respect, the preloading is considered to be promising as a countermeasure to reduce the settlement of clay under repeated loading as well as under sustained loading. The effect of preloading on post-construction consolidation settlement of soft clay subjected to repeated loading after removal of a part of preload is investigated in the present paper. It has become clear that the settlement of a clay sample after preconsolidation is mainly affected by the amount of preload, the degree of consolidation due to the preload, the amount of permanent load and the amount of repeated load after removal of preload. The calculated settlement versus time relations using a method to estimate the amount of consolidation settlement of soft clay grounds subjected to repeated loading after removal of preloading were compared with the observed degree of consolidation as parameters of the intensities of preload and repeated load.

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[1] The purpose of this reserch is to make clear what type of design can give good effects to win the high readership score. At the begining I had to know what factors decide the readership score, and how to change the quality of the desing into numerical value. I have used the method of multi-dimentional analysis with the help of a computer, and got the estimation formula, with kinds of factors, as follows ; A^^〜=B+++K+aE++cG. A^^〜=estimated values of the readership score. 1) B, , , K : these four factors are given as category values (so we call them); each factor is classified into several categories. B=week day, classified into categories. =pages of a newspaper, which are characterized by the kinds of articles, news, and the other reading matters, classified into categories. =kinds of goods and trades of the advertizement, classified into 14 catedories. K=constants, given to each 13 surveys. 2) , F, G : these factors are given as numerical values. G=area of advertizement, measured by the unit of column in the whole page length, being classified into 6 kinds of area (2., 3., , , 10, 15) and 15 column means a whole page, about 2,000cm^2. , F are the marks obtained in the design of advertizements. =sum of the marks obtained in each design element on the advertizement. F=the marks obtained on the whole effect of the design. 3) a, b, : coefficients Using the above formula with the category values and the coefficients, we can obtain the naked design effect from the actual value A of readership score: aE+=A-(B+++K+cG). In this research, I used 1,829 data of readership score from 1960 to 1968, being obtained by 13 survevs, spring and autumn twice a year. The sample of size each survey was 3,541, 2,251, or 200 in the other 11 surveys. Multiple correlation coefficient between the estimated value A^^〜 and the actual value A is 0.951. The table 2^* shows the contribution indexes of each factor by 3 kinds of expression-(1) Range : the absolute difference between the maximum and the minimum category values, (2) Standard deviations of the category values, (3) Partial correlation coefficient : the relationship between the actual values A and each factors. *see the table 2 in the thesis in Japanese. [2] The important point was in the determination of the values of , F. is the sum of the marks obtained in each design element, classified into four kinds : =_1+_2+_3+_. design elements [table] _1, _2, _3, _, these values have the grades, as 0, 1, 2, 3, and 0 is given to the design that has no attractive effect or no applicable element. And obtain the marks of 0 to grades as the sum of them. The values of F have also grades, 0 to . The principles to determine the values of , F are as follows : a) The marks obtained of , F must be the relative values among the each survey, and at the same time, they must have constancy within the same survey-the same elements of design must win the same marks obtained. b) They must be determined as to win the highest multiple correlation coefficient, when they are put into the estimation formula. ) They must be reasonable. In order to justify them, we must carry many researches on the actual condition. The frequency of accurence of each grade of , F values, as the table -, and - in the thesis in Japanese.

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Agaricus blazei is an important fungus for producing bioactive compounds. There are some reports of polysaccharides and steroid derivatives from the fruiting bodies of A. blazei. However, the chemical examination of the secondary metabolites of the cultured mycelia of this species has not been reported. Eight compounds, an unprecedented skeleton have been isolated from the cultured mycelia of A. blazei. The structures of the novel compounds each named blazeispirols A (1), B (2), (3), (), () X(6), Y () and Z () were confirmed by extensive 1 and 2 NMR spectral data and X-ray analysis. Blazeispirols A (1), B (2), (3), () and () were des-A-ergostane type compounds having spiroacetal structure as a side chain. Blazeispirols X (6) and Y () were determined to be (20S, S, 23R, 24S)-1 (10→6) abeo-14β, :, 25-diepoxyergosta-,,,11-tetraene-3α,23-diol and (20S, S, 23R, 24S)-14β,:,25-diepoxy-,23-dihydroxyergosta-,,11-triene-3,6-dione by comparison of extensive 1 and 2 NMR spectral data with that of blazeispirol A. The biosynthesis of blazeispirol A was investigated by feeding ^<13>-labeled acetates and methionine to the growing cultures of A. blazei. The labeling patterns of 1 derived from singly and doubly ^<13>-labeled acetates were consistent with that of ergosterol reported previously except for the A-ring and then ^<14>-labeled ergosterol was incorporated into blazeispirol A. Taking the structures of blazeispirols Z and into consideration, it can be assumed that blazeispirol A is biosynthesized from ergosterol by the cleavage of -, - and -1, -10 bonds on retro aldol condensation and Michael reaction via such as intermediate A as shown in Fig. . A large number of ergostane-type steroids have been isolated from many fungi. However, blazeispirol A is the first example of a naturally occurring des-A-ergostane-type steroid including a spiroacetal structure moiety as a side chain.

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-Amino-6-mercapto-1, 3-dimethyluracil (2) was prepared by the treatment of , 6-diamino-1, 3-dimethyluracil (1) with liquid H₂S and pyridine in a sealed steel tube at 60° for 20 h. Thiazolo[, -]pyrimidinediones 3a, b were obtained from 2 by cyclization with HCO₂H and AcOH.Under stringent conditions, however, 1 was converted into the , -dihydrodipyrimido[, -b : ', '-][1, ]thiazine derivtive a.The structure of a was confirmed by spectral (nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra) data and by comparison with a sample which was prepared from 2 and -hydroxy-1, 3-dimethyluracil.Benzylation of a gave 1, 3, , -tetramethyl--benzyl (or p-bromobenzyl)-, -dihydrodipyrimido[, -b : ', '-][1, ]thiazine-2, , 6, -(1H, 3H, H)-tetrone (b, ) and 1, 3, , -tetramethyl--benzyl (or p-bromobenzyl)-, -dihydropyrrolo[3, 2- : , -']dipyrimidine-2, , 6, -(1H, 3H, H)-tetrone (6a, b).

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Mycobacteriocin produced by human type tubercle bacilli could be demonstrated easily on eggmedium containing 0.05% tween 80 by means of stab culture or streak plate methods, and elevenmycobacteriocin-types have been recognized on the basis of the inhibition pattern by using indicator strains of rapidly growing mycobacteria.
At present, types 1 (.%), 2 (13%), (38.%), (2%) and 11 (14.%) showed a stablemycobacteriocin pattern, but types 3 (.%) and (6.%) were apt to show type replacement totypes 2 and , respectively, and strains belonging to types , 6 and were few, less than 1.%to the total. In order to perform a reproducible mycobacteriocin typing, our previous typingscheme was revised to be consisted of five groups (A-). Among 438 strains, mycobacteriocingroup containing types and was 46.1% of strains tested, group B containing types 2, 3 and6 was .6%, group containing type 11 was 15.1%, group A containing types 1 and was.%, group containing types and 10 was .1%, and untypable strains were no more than 6.6% among all tested strains.
Human type tubercle bacilli classified as type , which consisted of more than 45% of strainstested, could be divided into three sub-types from sensitivity to M. gordonae 1324 and M. terrae 1450.
Mycobacteriocin producing strains belonging to type : showed an extremly wide antibacterialactivity to strains of more than % of rapidly growing mycobacteria (42 strains), to about 40% of slow growing mycobacteria (29 strains), and even to 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

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An empirical equation in use for estimating the pseudo-elastic shear modulus, G_f, of subsoil, associated with shear strains less than 0.001% is proposed in this paper. In a series of in-situ seismic cone tests performed nationwide, the profiles of both G_f and the in-situ void ratio, , with depth were successfully characterised at five sites, each comprising a soft clay layer deposited in the Holocene era. The database which comprised the original data from the field and laboratory tests, coupled with similar information on well-documented Holocene clay deposits in Europe, was statistically analyzed in attempts to determine a generalised relationship with which G_f of soft clay may be reasonably estimated only from routinely available borehole data; that is and the current geostatic effective overburden pressure, σ'_v. An empirical relationship, G_f=, 000 -√(σ'_v) (kPa), was derived from the statistical analysis applied to data from seven different clays worldwide, for which extended over a range between 1 and , and the overconsolidation ratio ranged roughly between 1 and 2. The applicability of the proposed relationship was evaluated for two case records, each in which the clay exhibited unusual behavior; i.., the undrained shear strength remained more or less constant with depth due to the existence of artesian pressure at one site, and, at the other, G_f decreased, whereas increased, with depth. It was demonstrated that even in these clay deposits exhibiting exceptional profiles, the proposed relationship was capable of predicting G_f with a reasonable accuracy by determining the profiles of and σ'_v with depth. In addition, the prediction when compared to G_max from carefully performed laboratory cyclic tests, yielded a better estimate of G_f from the in-situ seismic survey. Despite the fact that the empirical relationship was initially designated to estimate G_f of soft clays, it may be equally applicable to sandy deposits. This was verified by comparing it to similar, and well-established, relationships developed for sands. A case record as such is also described for a loose sand deposit at Higashi-Ohgishima in Tokyo Bay which was placed in 1960's by land reclamation.

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わが国における主要中晩生および香酸カンキツ染色体のクロモマイシンA₃ (CMA) 染色を行った. 染色体はCMA(+) バンドの有無および位置から種類に区分できた. すなわち, CMA(+) をA: 両端および動原体近傍に有する, B: 一方の端部と動原体近傍に有する, : 両端に有する, : 一方の端部に有する, : CMA(+) がない, である. 各種はこれらのうち, 種類の染色体を有し, 独自のCMAバンドパターンを示した. ハッサクでは1A+1++, ヒュウガナツでは2A+2++, ‘川野なつだいだい’では1A+2++, ‘宮内伊予柑’では1A+1B+1++, タンカン‘垂水1号’では1A+1B+1++, カボスでは3B+2++, スダチでは1B+2++6およびユズ‘山根’では2B+1+11+であった. 以上の結果, 本研究においても近縁の種間では似通ったCMAバンドパターンが観察された.

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From the fronds of Polystichum tripteron (KUNZE) P_R. a new norcarotenoid glycoside was isolated and shown to be (6R, , R)--hydroxy-megastigma-, -dien-3-one--O-β--glucoside. The fronds of Dennstaedtia wilfordii (MOORE) CHRIST. contain the same glucoside.

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In this study the field feasibility of an innovative thermal technique to improve the performance of prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) used in conjunction with the preloading ground improvement method is investigated. For this purpose, two identical 6.0 m high full-scale test embankments for preloading were constructed over the soft Bangkok clay where a conventional PVD system was installed underneath one embankment and a novel prefabricated vertical thermo-drain (PVTD) system was utilized for the other. The PVTD unit consists of a U-tube made of cross-linked polyethylene plastic (PEX) that is attached to a conventional PVD unit. Preheated water at about ° is circulated through the attached U-tube to raise the soil temperature underneath the PVTD embankment. The behavior of the two test embankments were compared in terms of excess pore water pressure and consolidation results. The comparison shows the advantage of a PVTD system over a conventional PVD system. The rate of consolidation increases significantly in the PVTD system due to the temperature effect on the hydraulic conductivity. Moreover, the embankment with the PVTD system generates more settlement due to the thermally induced irreversible contraction of saturated normally consolidated soft Bangkok clay.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of progesterone (P) on the multiple follicular growth during superovulation treatment in dairy cows. Animals were divided into three groups as follows; 1) Growing CL + CIDR (G1): Cows (n=) were received a total dose of 28 A.U. FSH through the first days (twice daily) after natural ovulation (day 0=0). CIDR was inserted on 1 and removed 12 h after the last dose of the FSH. 2) Growing CL (G2): Cows (n=, trials) were treated similar to G1 but without CIDR. 3) CL absence (G3): Cows (n=, trials) received PGF_2α at 10 days after ovulation. After 36 h, all follicles (≥ mm) were aspirated (0). The FSH was given 24 h after aspiration as G1. The follicles were counted on 1, 3 and in all groups. Blood was collected daily for 6 days. P, 2, IGF-I and growth hormone (GH) were measured by EIA. While the P level was above 1 ng/ml from 2 to in G1, it was under 0. ng/ml in the G3. P of G2 showed a gradual increase from 0. ng/ml at 1 to 2 ng/ml at . In G3, all cows showed an increase in 2 at 3 or followed by an increase of IGF-1 within 24 h. GH increased concomitantly with the 2 increase in trials out of . In contrast, the cows in G1 and G2 showed neither 2 nor IGF-1 increase. At , the number of follicles ≥mm in G3 (.±2.0) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than G2 (.2±2.) and G3 (11.6±2.0). These data demonstrate that low P level during FSH treatment enhance multiple follicular growth and 2 secretion which followed by increase of IGF-1. Therefore, P may play a critical role in the superovulation response by controlling the multiple follicular growth.

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The use of Paracoccus carotinifaciens-derived natural astaxanthin as an alternative to synthetic astaxanthin has attracted considerable attention from the aquaculture industry. Furthermore, to enhance the bioavailability of astaxanthin, its “Z-isomerization” has been actively studied in recent years. This study investigated the effects of feeding a diet containing astaxanthin rich in the all-

- or Z-isomers derived from P. carotinifaciens on the pigmentation and astaxanthin concentration in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) flesh. Z-Isomer-rich astaxanthin was prepared from the P. carotinifaciens-derived all--isomer by thermal treatment in fish oil, and the prepared all--isomer-rich astaxanthin diet (-AST-; total Z-isomerratio = .1%) and Z-isomer-rich astaxanthin diet (Z-AST-; total Z-isomer ratio of astaxanthin = 56.6%) were fed to rainbow trout for weeks. The feeding of Z-AST- resulted in greater pigmentation and astaxanthin accumulation efficiency in the flesh than those fed -AST-. Specifically, when -AST- was fed to rainbow trout, the SalmoFan score and astaxanthin concentration of the flesh were .1±1. and 1.36±0.71 μg/g wet weight, respectively, whereas when Z-AST- was fed, their values were 26.0±2. and .33±1. μg/g wet weight, respectively. These results suggest that P. carotinifaciens-derived astaxanthin Z- isomers prepared by thermal isomerization are more bioavailable to rainbow trout than the all--isomer.

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From the leaves of Pertya glabrescens SCH. BIP. (Compositae) a new germacranolide, 3-epipertilide (III), , [α]

17_D

+52°and a new glycoside (VIII),

C₁₂H₂₂O₆

, [α]

24_D

-36.

5

°were isolated in addition to pertic acid (Ib), 3α-hydroxypertic acid (IIb), benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid and methyl caffeate. On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, III was determined to be stereoisomeric to pertilide (VI) at

C

-3, namely [1 (10) Z,

4

E

]-(3S,

7

R,

8

S)-germacra-1 (10),

4

, 11 (13)-triene-12,

8

; 14, 3-diolide, and VIII, to be the β-

D

-glucopyranoside of (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (leaf alcohol). The conformation of III was assigned from the examination of its derivatives IV, Va and Vb in nuclear Overhouser effect and circular dichroism. A new bitter principle, glucohaageanolide (X),

C₂₁H₃₀O₈

·H₂O, mp 155-165°

C

(dec.), [α]

20_D

+51.2°was isolated from the leaves of P. scandens (THUNB.) SCH. BIP. On hydrolysis X gave

D

-glucose and a known sesquiterpene haageanolide (XI). In order to make clear the exact structure of X including its absolute streorchemistry, an X-ray structure analysis of X monohydrate was undertaken, resulting in determination of X to be [1 (10)

E

,

4

E

]-(6S,

7

S,

9

S)-

9

-β-

D

-glucopyranosyloxygermacra-1 (10),

4

, 11 (13)-trien-12, 6-olide.

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Primary screening of antitumor-promoting activity using soft agar colony assays with JB6 cells was employed to isolate compounds from Chaenomeles sinensis KOEHNE. These compounds were lyoniresinol-2a-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), lyoniresinol-2a-O-β--glucopyranoside (2), aviculin (3), betulinic acid (), betulin (), 3-O-()-p-coumaroylbetulin (6), 3-O-()-caffeoylbetulin (), 3-O-(Z)-p-coumaroylbetulin (), 3-O-()-caffeoyllupeol (), alphitolic acid (10), sorbikortal II (11), tormentic acid (12), euscaphic acid (13), corosolic acid (14), maslinic acid (15), erythrodiol (16), 1-β--glucopyranosyloxy-3,,-trimethoxybenzene (17), avicularin (18), -O-β--glucopyranosylkaempferol (19), -O-β--glucopyranosylgenistein (20), -O-β--glucopyranosylgenistein (21), epicatechin (), and β-sitosterol (23) and were identified using spectral data such as MS, ¹H- and

13C

-NMR. Compound 1, having a rhamnosyl group, showed greater activity than 2, having a glucosyl group, and 3, which was a bis-demethoxy derivative of 1. Betulinic acid (

4

), having a

C

-28 carboxyl group, 3-O-(

E

)-caffeoylbetulin (

7

), and tormentic acid (12) showed more potent activity than betulin (

5

), which has a

C

-28 hydroxymethyl group.

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Circuit techniques to enhance the linearity of input-voltage-to-current (V/I) conversion and to increase the output impedance of a current source by compensating for the low intrinsic gain of a transistor were introduced to realize a high-frequency operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for a low supply voltage using sub-100-nm CMOS processes. Applying these techniques, a MOS th-order Gm- linear-phase low-pass filter (LPF) was realized using a 65nm CMOS process. A simplified biquad LPF that can serve as a component of a th-order LPF was newly developed by replacing OTAs with resistors. As a result, the -3dB frequency bandwidth, group delay ripple, 3rd-order distortion, and 3rd-order input intercept point (IIP3) were 200MHz, 2.2%, ≤ -55dB with a 100MHz input, and +10.3dBm, respectively, all with a ±0.1Vp-p input signal at each input terminal in the pseudodifferential configuration. The LPF including an output buffer dissipated 60mW in the case of a 1.2V supply. Wide spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) characteristics were confirmed up to high frequencies.

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