AIJ Journal of Technology and Design
Online ISSN : 1881-8188
Print ISSN : 1341-9463
ISSN-L : 1341-9463
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Volume 24, Issue 56
Displaying 51-85 of 85 articles from this issue
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Environmental Engineering
  • ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS RELATED TO CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE MORTALITY IN CHINA
    Qingyuan ZHANG, Hiroshi YOSHINO, U YANAGI, Kenichi HASEGAWA, Tomonobu ...
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 285-288
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.285
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death and it is heavily involved in people’s health and longevity. In this report, influence factors of cerebrovascular disease mortality in China were investigated using statistical data, and an estimation formula was developed. The contribution rate of influence factors of cerebrovascular disease mortality rate is 36% for annual income, 22% for salt intake, 16% for prevalence of hypertension, 16% for heating degree-day and 10% for altitude, respectively. Based on these analyses, mitigation measures of cerebrovascular disease mortality were suggested.
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Architectural Planning and Design
  • OBSERVATION ROOM FEATURES AND PROBLEMS OF PUBLIC OBSERVATORY IN JAPAN
    Yoshimi OKUDOI, Ryo INOUE, Shigeo NAKANO
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 289-294
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.289
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    We classified 258 public astronomical observatories into three forms. In this research, we investigated the observation room features of the public Astronomical Observatory. As a result, the following findings were revealed. ① Independent type : Many in the urbanization Control Areas, the telescope’s aperture is small. Movable roof are mostly double-opening type. ② Simultaneous type : Functions other than the observation room are diversified. Movable roof are mostly single open type. ③ Combined type : The diameter of the telescope is large. Movable roof are mostly upper and lower type. Questionnaire survey revealed problems and ideas by form.
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  • UTILITY AND ACTUAL USAGE OF CONDOMINIUMS AS COMMUNITY CENTERS IN KAWASAKI CITY, KANAGAWA PREF.
    Masayuki OCHIAI, Tomohide OKADA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 295-300
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.295
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    This study explores the possibility of using condominium apartment buildings as community centers (kōminkan) for residents of Kawasaki city in Kanagawa Prefecture. In terms of methodology, the paper uses a field study, interviews, and a literature review to analyze such facilities, focusing on condominiums. The results of the study reveal that securing financing is greatly affected by the size of the membership in the local community association (jichikai) and that the area most likely to use condominiums for this purpose are densely populated urban areas with high prices of land.
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  • A STUDY ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN SCHOOLS OF NEW CAMPUS MOVEMENT AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN TAIWAN
    Yi FAN, Kenichi TANOUE
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 301-306
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.301
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    This research is trying to clarify the planning methodology of Schools of New Campus Movement which are based on the cooperation between schools and local communities and the utilization by residents. Moreover, we want to reveal the current situation of community cooperation, especially its connection to the post-earthquake reconstruction after running the field of survey. Finally, we aim to gain the knowledge of rebuilding schools in the post-earthquake reconstruction. In the conclusion, we will summarize the interaction between Schools of New Campus Movement and local communities, and the relationship between the education program for the community cooperation and a corresponding spatial planning based on the research.
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  • ACTUAL SITUATION OF ENVIRONMENT FOR STUDENTS NEEDING SPECIAL SUPPORT IN JAPANESE UNIVERSITY
    Mizuki TANIGUCHI, Asuka YAMADA, Masayoshi KOGA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 307-312
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.307
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    In this paper, we review the support system, status of facility improvement, and issues for disabled students at Japanese universities based on literature and interview surveys. The analysis shows that the development of basic facilities such as elevators and ramps has progressed considerably. However, the support system is biased or not in place at some universities. Responding to diverse types and degrees of disabilities is a major task for the future, requiring correspondence such as designing and introducing the necessary equipment ahead of time and assuming students’ needs.
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  • VERIFICATION EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ON ACTUAL ACTIVITY OF H NURSERY SCHOOL
    – For 1 years old room –
    Fumika MIYAZAKI, Asuka YAMADA, Ryutaro AOKI, Arisa KANEKO, Atsushi TAK ...
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 313-316
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.313
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    It is necessary for nursery school where children spend long periods of time to be set up appropriately to create an environmental setting to children’s play, daily lives, and their healthy growth and development. Environments for very young children, in particular, have a significant impact on them and their caregivers. This paper focuses on a room for one-year-olds at a nursery, where we created an environmental setting on possible activities, and reports the results of verifying its effect. We found that the environment made use of the whole room, eliminated the problem of different activities taking place simultaneously, and was conducive to children’s play.
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  • CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPATIAL COMPOSITION CHANGE AND THE RENOVATION METHOD IN CONVERTING HOUSING TO STORE
    Yoko OMAE, Suguru MORI, Rie NOMURA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 317-322
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.317
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    This study aimed to analyze the concrete design methods for attractive commercial space in the cases converting housing to store. Conversion housing to store could be useful for making use of vacant houses, which have been increasing today in Sapporo. As the result, the basic patterns of functional change in conversion and the characteristics of renovation methods in each pattern were ascertained.
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  • ANALYSES OF THE PERSONAL SPACE FOCUSING ON ‘COCOONING’
    −Toward the new furniture design in the public open space−
    Ayaka KAMENASHI, Megumi KATAYAMA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 323-328
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.323
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    In the public we usually shut ourselves up and stay in our inner spaces called ‘personal space’. Kato (1976) called the behavior ‘cocooning’ which means the silkworms make their cocoons as the safe comfortable spaces. In this study we had an idea what if people can ‘cocooning’ and show their cocoons somehow in the public? And we designed a set of ‘cocooning tools’ and observed ‘cocooning’ of the students in the campus open spaces. As results five different types of ‘cocooning’ were found. The students judged appropriate distance from the pedestrians and their face direction, and arranged the tools not only to make the places comfortable but also to camouflage their bodies and cocoons. We also discussed on the new furniture design that let users make own spaces in the public space.
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  • REPORT OF CHANGING OF LAND FORMATION PLANNING IN COLLECTIVE RELOCATION PROJECT FOR DISASTER PREVENTION IN OSHIKA PENINSULA
    Naoto ISHIZUKA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 329-332
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.329
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    This report aims to reveal basic data of land formation planning in “Collective relocation project for disaster prevention” by ArchiAid in Oshika Peninsula. And to reveal changing of planning.
    This data reveal about five study patterns of relocation site. And there is a possibility to contribute to the elucidation of the transition factor.
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  • STUDY ON THE PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT (LOD) ON BIM IN JAPAN
    Hikari HIRANO, Norihisa KAWASHIMA, Koichi YASUDA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 333-338
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.333
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    In order to promote increasingly efficient architectural design processes using BIM, there is a need to communicate the Level of Development (LOD), an indicator of the progress concerning BIM, among building owners, designers, contractors, manufacturers, and operations managers. However, there are currently no standard LOD specifications within Japan. Hence, this study examined how to ensure standardization of LOD specifications in Japan by clarifying companies’ actual LOD planning conditions from interviews with Architectural offices and general contractors in Japan, relativizing the situation in Japan through a comparison with the BIMForum LOD Specification, an LOD global standard.
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  • A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION ON THE HOUSING OF THE HILL TRIBES IN NORTHERN THAILAND
    −A case study of the Akha Settlements in Chiang Rai−
    Takamitsu HAYAKAWA, Kaori ITO, Andrew Burgess
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 339-344
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.339
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    The hill tribes in Thailand have developed their own cultures and languages. In recent years social change has had a significant effect on living spaces, including the houses themselves. This study concentrates on the settlements of the Akha tribe in Chiang Rai and the effects of urbanization on their houses, especially the elements of houses and their various combinations. The research reached two conclusions; 1) The modernization the houses of the Akha is related to the geographical proximity to urban areas, and 2) In settlements undergoing urbanization the variation of elements used increases but the number of each combination type decreases.
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Rural Planning
  • CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION PROJECTS USING THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT’S GRANT FOR REGIONAL REVITALIZATION
    Yuki OGAWA, Toshiyuki TODA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 345-350
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.345
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    This study investigates the implementation of cross-border cooperation projects in regional cooperation projects that were adopted under the national government’s grant. In addition, we interviewed individuals from the relevant municipalities to clarify the nature of their cooperation in the project. Our research determined 118 cross-border cooperation projects among 592 regional cooperation projects that were initiated under the grant. These projects can be categorized into two types. The first involves cooperation between neighboring municipalities, and the second involves cooperation between remote municipalities.
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Urban Planning
  • THE ACTUAL CONDITIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SALT INDUSTRY AND CURRENT CONDITION OF THE REGENERATED INDUSTRIAL SITE
    – Northwich Woodlands in the UK –
    Miya YAMADE, Hirokazu ABE, Tomoko MIYAGAWA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 351-356
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.351
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    The purpose of this study is to identify the history of the development salt industry and situation of environment damage from salt mining in Northwich Woodlands, Cheshire, the UK. 1) Saltmaking in Cheshire dates back over 2000 years. There were 44 salt works had been built. 2) The landuse changes were shown ground subsidence before 1875s to 1930s, it’s area was about 174ha. 3) Restoration of brownfields started from 1990s and 2000s in parallel with conservation of historical and industrial heritage also open spaces, footpaths, cycle way, horse riding and pram. 4) The Salt Works has the status of an ‘Anchor Point’ on the European Route of Industrial Heritage (ERIH). It suggests that to improve the image of the environmental damage site.
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  • THE CURRENT HOUSING USE SITUATION AND MANAGEMENT TREND OF THE FUTURE IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS
    – A case of east area in Nara city –
    Yoko SHIMIZU, Mihiro TOSANO, Toru NAKAYAMA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 357-362
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.357
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    This study investigates the house of a mountainous area. In the investigation area, a population decrease and aging are advancing. The house was classified into five according to the use situation. The classification was divided by the situation which lives, and the situation currently used. In the house in which it lives, for the moment, maintenance management is carried out. The house which is not used has insufficient management and its consciousness of an owner is low. Especially the vacant house had a difference in management by the use situation.
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  • THE PROPOSAL OF LIGHTING ENVIRONMENT COEXISTING VISUALIZATION OF COASTAL LANDSCAPE AND RECOGNITION OF EVACUATION DIRECTION IN KESENNUMA CITY, MIYAGI PREFECTURE
    Shigeo KOBAYASHI, Masahide KAKUDATE, Toshihiko ABE
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 363-366
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.363
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    This lighting environment project simultaneously proposes that the unique landscape of the coastal area can be perceived and that residents can evacuate promptly when a disaster occurs at night. Lighting social experiments were carried out for one month around Isuzu Shrine which overhang into the bay in Kesennuma city. Experimental results showed that the recognition of evacuation routes and elevation direction were improved and the landscape peculiar to Kesennuma was also configurated. It was shown that it would contribute to securing nighttime safety by moderately expressing geographic features and townscape.
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  • PILOT LAND READJUSTMENT IN BRUNEI :
    Features of Kiulap Project as a new approach to urban development
    Hana HAJI HAMZAH, Masuro URAYAMA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 367-372
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.367
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    This article reports on Brunei’s unique Land Readjustment (LR) approach as a mechanism for promoting urban development. The commitment of the government to open up a new commercial area enabled LR to be carried out using existing laws and new policies. Unlike typical LR elsewhere, Brunei’s model opted for a no reserve land approach. This was done as to promote LR and was also made possible as existing state land in the project area was available to be used. The rezoning of the project area and other benefits offered to landowners enabled negotiation to progress smoothly.
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  • AREA MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES BY A GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION WHICH HAS JURISDICTION CONTROL OVER “AREA”
    – Innovative public-private town planning partnership of the city of Sapporo’s central city planning office –
    Takashi HOSHI
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 373-378
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.373
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    Cases where area management has been utilized for the planning of urban cores in Japan have been increasing. However, area management organizations still carry various financial as well as organizational issues. In Sapporo city, the central city planning office and two private town planning companies are jointly undertaking the tasks of area management in order to enhance the attractiveness and vibrance of central Sapporo. There are many important lessons to be learned from the Sapporo’s case in promoting area management.
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  • STUDY ON THE PICTURE-STORY SHOW CREATIVE ACTIVITIES FOR THE NARRATIVE CARE FOR THE ELDERLY IN THE END-OF-LIFE
    – Through the trial experience as a model for nursing home residents “life theater Kamishibai” –
    Munetaka KURAHARA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 379-384
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.379
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    Today in the aging society, new problems, such as nursing care and end-of-life care have appeared. In such circumstances, approach of narrative care is noted. In this paper, the activities that have been made using the picture-story show as a way of narrative or story is reported. Its activities are, as a model two people of the elderly, is what was done in the theme of “life theater Kamishibai”. Through this activity, improvement of the quality of life of the elderly in the end-of-life, improvement of care of quality in the facility, satisfaction of staff for the work, the effect of the etc. were seen.
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  • A STUDY ON DELIVERY SHOP SERVICE BY A GROUP OF SHOPPING GOODS ORIENTED SHOP OWNERS IN A PROVINCIAL CITY
    – A case of Yokamon-Shotengai’s project in Omuta city –
    Tadashi HATTORI, Koji KATO
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 385-390
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.385
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    This paper aims to investigate a possibility of the delivery shop service by a group of shopping goods oriented shop owners. The case is the delivery shop service by Yokamon-shotengai in a rapidly aging city of Omuta, Fukuoka prefecture.
    By analyzing the service, the study found out that a group of shopping goods oriented shops are able to continue the delivery even though they do not sell grocery and daily goods. To continue the service, the match between the service and the destination, securing profit of stores, and in-depth discussion on the service are necessary.
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Architecture System and Management
  • RESEARCH ON THE MAN-HOUR RATE OF THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
    A case study of construction project of collective housing
    Hiroaki SAITO, Takanobu TATENO
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 391-395
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.391
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    In recent years, it has become an issue in the construction management to improve productivity. Therefore, the authors surveyed man-hour rate of construction management business. The results of the survey, we revealed 436 tasks, and able to grasp the respective man-hours. In addition, we specified the business that should considered improvements, and discussed measures of improvements.
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  • RECENT BUILDING SYSTEM OF PENCIL HOUSES IN HANOI, VIETNAM
    Tomoyuki GONDO, Hirotake KANISAWA, Kazuya SHIDE, Yongsun KIM
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 397-402
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.397
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In this study, we focus on the building system of “Pencil houses” in Hanoi, Vietnam. Pencil houses are conventional houses: about five story reinforced concrete structure in urban narrow plot. Building pencil houses, households order a small worker team to build structural parts of pencil houses. These team, by themselves, can build large parts of houses including foundation, concrete forms, steel bars, casting concrete, laying brick walls, and plasters. We interviewed with ten these teams, two small construction companies, among others in Hanoi, and make clear the pencil house construction process, contracts system, and workers condition.
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  • A STUDY OF TRAIL CALCULATION CONDITION OF COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN OF PUBLIC FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURES
    – A case study in Nisshin city, Aichi pref. –
    Yuji MOMOHARA, Daisuke KATO, Kazuhisa TSUNEKAWA
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 403-407
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.403
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    This report is a summary of creating a “Comprehensive Management Plan for Public Facilities and Infrastructure” in Nisshin City, Aichi Prefecture. The difference in results obtained through trial calculation conditions based on the prospects for available resources and for medium and long term expenses were compared and analyzed. The analysis showed that results differed greatly depending on the trial calculation conditions. Items necessary to prepare a feasible “Comprehensive Management Plan for Public Facilities and Infrastructure” in the future are conditioned.
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  • REPAIR CONTENTS AND MANAGEMENT FORM OF GUESTHOUSE CONVERTED FROM VACANT HOUSES BY NEW COMER IN RURAL AREAS
    Ginga OHNO, Sachiko YAMAMOTO
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 409-413
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.409
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This paper aims to clarify the solution of converting vacant houses to guesthouse and focuses on the following three. (1) the method of vacant houses acquisition, (2) the repair method and space utilization patterns, (3) the method of income acquisition. As the result, it became clear that the manager of the guesthouses has reserved vacant houses through contact with an area community and has gathered cooperators to repair smoothly. After their guesthouses opening, the manager has utilized the spaces that isn’t used by daily life as guesthouses and has secured the sources of income besides the inn charge by the guesthouse management.
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History and Theory of Architecture
Information Systems Technology
  • STUDY ON MACHINING PARTS OF LOG BUILDING SYSTEM WITH 5-AXIS MACHINE
    −New building system with multi-axis machining 1−
    Yusuke NAKAMURA, Masaki TAKAHASHI, Yuto TODA, Mana HAYASHI, Hiroki TAK ...
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 447-450
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.447
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    5-axis machines are capable of complicated movement. However, their processing shapes are highly limited by the production systems optimized for particular building systems. This study aims to realize a 5-axis machine that can machine various shapes by the maximal activation through the development of the self-built machine and its operating software. Shapes that are processed with a circular saw are classified into three types. New log designs are machined by analyzing existing logs according to these types. In addition, algorithmically twisted logs are machined accurately. The results show that these approaches have the possibility of creating new building systems.
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Education
  • LEARNING EFFECT OF BMD DRAWING APPLICATION FOR SMART DEVICE
    Takuya SUZUKI, Takaki TOJO
    2018 Volume 24 Issue 56 Pages 451-455
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: February 20, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.24.451
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    The purpose of this paper is to confirm a learning effect of bending moment diagram drawing application for smart device. In this paper, an application for structural education that takes advantage of the features of smart devices was developed and distributed. First, the outline of the developed application and the distribution situation are explained. Secondary, the questionnaire survey for measuring educational effect of this application is conducted. And then, the educational effect of these applications is examined.
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