In this article, we introduce triphasic theory based three dimensional finite element method to simulate multi-physics phenomena of cardiomyocyte contraction. "Triphasic" stand for three phases, solid phase, fluid phase and ion phase. The solid phase represents structure and proteins, fluid phase represents cytosol and tissue fluid, and ion phase represents dissolved ionized particles. Solving coupled equilibrium of solids, fluids and ions, behaviors governed by mechanics and electrochemistry are simulated in an integrative manner. The method enables to incorporate mobility of the cytosol, potential and ion distribution interacting one another in detailed subcellular structure. First, assumptions on triphasic theory and derivation of equilibriums of each phase are introduced; second, application and integration with Ca^<2+> dynamics, membrane electrophysiology, excitation-contraction and deformation of cardiomyocyte are explained; then, the simulation results on distribution of membrane potential at depolarization inside t-tubule membrane are presented.

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The understanding of metabolism is progressively becoming clearer from a network perspective with recent developments in biotechnology and bioin-formatics. This paper introduces the current understanding of metabolic systems based on network science; in particular, it mentions several mathematical models of metabolic networks, and illustrates that theoretical approaches based on these models are helpful in not only understanding the comprehensive metabolic world, but also biotechnology and medical science.

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