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Volume 16 (1982)
- Issue 2 Pages 43-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 16, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Masanobu SAKAGAMI1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages vii-xii
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1276K)
Original Papers
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Hiroko SAITOH, Kikuo OIKAWA, Hayao SAKAMOTO, Masaakira KAMADA1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 43-47
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the analysis of F-, Cl- ond SO42- in volcanic ashes, the authors found that the ultrasonic extraction method was useful for taking sample solution from volcanic ashes, and that Ion Chromatography was very effective for the determination of these anions. By the use of Ion Chromatography, these anions can be determined directly and rapidly without using complicated procedures.View full abstractDownload PDF (443K) -
Hiroshi KAWAGUCHI1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 48-58
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author determined water temperature, pH, oxidation reduction potential, boron, and other chemical components of hot spring waters from Hakusan and Japan North Alps in central Japan. On the basis of analytical results, the author studied the frequency distribution of boron content, and the correlation coefficient between boron and other chemical components, and calculated B/Cl atom ratio. The derived conclusions are in the followings. (1) Generally, the frequency distribution of boron is biased to a lower content side, and the most frequent range of boron contents is from 2.1 mg/l to 6.0 mg/l. (2) Boron contents have positive relationships to evaporation residue, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride ion contents. Those relationships are divided into two groups of south areas (Hakusan, Ontake, Norikuragatake) and north areas (Yarigatake, Hakubagatake, Tateyama). (3) Minimum value of B/Cl atom ratio of hot spring waters from Hakusan and Japan North Alps is 0.00621, maximum value of it is 0.217, and mean value of it is 0.0359. The sources of boron in hot spring waters of Hakusan and Japan North Alps are inferred to be the basement rocks.View full abstractDownload PDF (795K)
Special Issues: Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
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Yasushi KITANO1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 59-62
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was reported that since 1850 human activities have increased the CO2 content of the terrestrial atmosphere from 290 ppm to slightly more than 330 ppm. It is thought that the CO2 content would reach twice the current CO2 content by the year 2020 and at that time there will have been a rise in the average air temperature of about 2℃. This has produced a serious fear that a climatic change will occur and reduce some of the present granary regions to rather arid areas. Thus atmospheric CO2 studies should be one of the most urgent research subjects internationally. Y. Kitano has organized the research group on "The cycle of carbon dioxide through the phases of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere" in connection with the atmospheric CO2 problem, sponsored by the Ministry of Education in Japan as a Special Project Research on Environmental Sciences. It is happy to show the results obtained by some members of the research group here.View full abstractDownload PDF (440K) -
Takakiyo NAKAZAWA1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 63-77
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn view of the importance of the global increase in atmospheric CO2 for climatic change, extensive studies have been made on the concentration of atmospheric CO2. In this paper, the results obtained from these studies are summarized together with those of our own measurements. Methods for measurement of the atmospheric CO2 concentration by infrared absorption techniques are also described.View full abstractDownload PDF (1547K) -
Kyoji YODA1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 78-85
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges of carbon accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems due to changes of atmospheric, climatic and artificial conditions were examined under the assumption that all changing rates were constant. The most effective factor was the decrease of carbon accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems by the deforestation (1.2x1015g C/y), and the second was that by the lumbering (0.6x1015g C/y). Effects by changes of atmospheric, climatic and the other artificial conditions, the cyclic shifting cultivation, forest fire, and ground fire, were negligible. Terrestrial ecosystems may act as the same order of source of the atmospheric carbon dioxide as the consumption of the fossil carbon.View full abstractDownload PDF (920K) -
Takehisa OIKAWA1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 86-92
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe physiological relationships between photosynthesis and CO2 concentration are summarized. Net primary production is estimated by a mathematical model of plant Community based on the interaction of photosynthesis and environmental factors such as light and CO2 conditions. The model predicts an increase of 110 mg CO2/dm2/day in net primary productivity due to CO2 enrichment from 400 to 600 ppm. The potential increase of global net primary production of vegetation is evaluated to be 0.27×1015 g C/year, a value being less than 6% of the present CO2 production rate derived from the burning of fossil fuels. The actual increase which is taken water shortage and other unfavorable environmental conditions into consideration would be of minor importance in the present context.View full abstractDownload PDF (804K) -
Hitoshi SAKAI, Yasuhiro TSUTAKI, Noriaki KISHIMA1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 93-98
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe δ13C values relative to PDB were measured for carbon dioxide in air samples collected at various parts of Japan and at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii in the periods of 1977 and 1978. The δ13C values of the "clean air" are -7.6‰ at Hawaii and -8,1‰ Oki and Hachijo-jima islands. These values are definitely lighter than the carbon isotope ratios (-6.9‰) obtained by Keeling for clean airs collected at Southern California in 1955 to 1956. The increase in 12C in atmospheric carbon dioxide is attributed to the input of the anthropogenic light carbon dioxides (combustion of fossil fuels etc.) Taking -7.6‰ to be the isotope ratio of CO2 in the present clean air, a simple three box model predicts that the biosphere has decreased rather than increased since 1955, implying that it is acting as the doner of carbon rather than the sink.View full abstractDownload PDF (644K) -
Satoru KANAMORI, Hisashi IKEGAMI1982 Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages 99-105
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration of dissolved carbonate matter in seawater is considered to be controlled by the three factors; dissolution of CaCO3, decomposition of organic materials and absorption of CO2 from atmosphere to seawater. The authors determined the vertical distribution of dissolved carbonate matter in the open seawater and estimated the amount of CO2 absorbed from atmosphere to seawater since the Industrial Revolution. The result shows that a significant amount (30 to 70%) of CO2 supplied to the atmosphere through fuel combustion has been absorbed into seawater.View full abstractDownload PDF (705K)
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