Chikyukagaku
Online ISSN : 2188-5923
Print ISSN : 0386-4073
ISSN-L : 0386-4073
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Volume 43, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Original papers
  • The analysis of the groundwater system in the urban district of the northern Kyoto Basin based on chemical components in well water samples
    Hiroshi MUKAI, Takahiro HARUTA, Satoshi TANAKA
    2009 Volume 43 Issue 2 Pages 45-57
    Published: June 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14934/chikyukagaku.43.45
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Twenty-nine well waters obtained from the urban district of the northern Kyoto Basin were analyzed to determine four physical and two chemical parameters, and seven major and one minor components. Correlations among the major components suggest that they were generally originated from aerosol and soil. Shallow groundwater in the urban area was polluted with nitrate mainly because of the infiltration of surface water. Based on the geochemical characteristics, such as total ion concentrations, the concentrations of chloride and nitrate, geological settings of the wells, and compositional differences in major ions, the twenty-nine well waters were classified into four categories, i.e., anthropogenically contaminated waters in the urban area, deep well waters in the urban area, waters in the hilly area, and waters in the suburb areas. Two paths of groundwater flow toward the south in the urban area were inferred, judging from the similarity in water chemistry elucidated through concentration correlation matrix and pattern recognition methods. One of the flowing paths runs along the Kamo River and the other runs in the west of the previous path. The groundwaters flowing through the two paths would be mixed in an underlying thick gravel stratum.
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  • Cadmium contents of Paleozoic limestones in South Kitakami Terrane, northeast Japan
    Shoichi AIZAWA
    2009 Volume 43 Issue 2 Pages 59-71
    Published: June 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14934/chikyukagaku.43.59
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Trace amounts of Cd, Ni and Cu in Permian, Carboniferous and Silurian limestone samples from South Kitakami Terrane were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry combined with the ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) -4-methyl-2-pentanone solvent extraction system. The geometric means of Cd contents of these limestone samples from Kusayamizawa (n = 9, Silurian), Onimaru (n = 5, Early Carboniferous), Roukando Cave (n = 5, Carboniferous), Nagaiwa Mine (n = 12, Early Permian) and Iwaizaki Coast (n = 12, Middle Permian) were 0.04, 0.31, 0.78, 0.32 and 0.43 ppm, respectively. The Cd contents of Permian and Carboniferous limestones tend to be relatively higher than those of the other geological ages (i.e., before Devonian and after Triassic). Most of the Cd in Permian and Carboniferous limestone samples can be dissolved with 1 mol dm-3 acetic acid, suggesting that a large portion of Cd2+ is incorporated from marine waters into calcite by replacing Ca2+ during the formation and deposition of precursory carbonate minerals of the limestones. The high Cd contents of Permian and Carboniferous limestones are independent of sedimentary environments in the ocean, such as distance from continents, which controls the amounts of land originated detrital materials. This fact implies that the concentration of Cd was high in worldwide throughout the ocean during Parmian and Carboniferous periods.
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The Geochemical Society of Japan Award for Young Researcher
  • Photochemistry and transport of ozone in the troposphere: Instrumentation, field measurements, and model analysis
    Hiroshi TANIMOTO
    2009 Volume 43 Issue 2 Pages 73-87
    Published: June 25, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: February 06, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14934/chikyukagaku.43.73
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Ozone in the troposphere plays an important role in the Earth's atmosphere. Tropospheric ozone has increased during the past century, controlling oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere, having detrimental effects on human health, and acting as one of greenhouse gases. The factors controlling distributions and variations of tropospheric ozone are rather complicated due to a number of chemical reactions and substantial lifetime in air, thus limiting comprehensive understanding of its evolution on the global scale. In addition to nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds greatly contribute to chemistry and budget of tropospheric ozone. In this paper, two topics are highlighted with respect to interaction of natural sources with tropospheric ozone: analysis of the impacts of boreal forest fires in Siberia, and challenges toward field measurements of volatile organic compounds in air and seawater.
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Abstract of doctoral thesis
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