In this paper, we analyze the influence of cooperation between medical and nursing care on the hospital technical efficiency, to verify the validity of H&W CO−OP JAPAN ongoing managerial strategy. The procedure adopted here is as follows. Firstly, the order on technical efficiency among 56 H&W CO−OP JAPAN hospitals is examined through DEA−bootstrap approach. Then we detect the effect of running nursing care facilities on hospital technical efficiency by applying Wilcoxon rank sum test to the ranking of two groups of individual hospital, one runs more than 5 facilities and the other runs less than 1, measured above. As a result, statistically significant positive correlation is found out.

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss subjects− on reconstruction of regional agriculture that has been suffering from the nuclear disaster. The authors aim at clarifying influence of the disaster on production of tobacco−, which is a key product of this area, and measures of agricultural cooperatives. Tobacco production received serious damages from the disaster, such as reduction of the number of farmers and the production areas. Although the cooperatives are making the best effort to maintain tobacco production and introduce new crops, the area is facing with a risk of farm retirement and rapid increase of cultivation abandonment. In conclusion, the cooperatives are required to establish a new farming system to protect the regional agriculture.

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Health Cooperatives of South Korea were born in local community, have promoted in medical treatment and health care. Even if their number is few, it can be link in welfare and medical treatment, and are recognize as social enterprises. This Health Cooperative is significant as a representative of welfare business in local community. The purpose of this study is to discuss the process of its formation and activities as reflected in the history of Korean Health Cooperative.

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