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Volume 12 (1987)
- Issue 6 Pages 509-
- Issue 5 Pages 407-
- Issue 4 Pages 317-
- Issue 3 Pages 225-
- Issue 2 Pages 141-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 12, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Fuminori Hyodoh1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 225-242
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of retinoic acid on the differentiation of human monocytic leukemia cell lines containing aneuploid (THP-1-Cs5) or diploid chromosomes (THP-1-R) were studied and compared. The induction of cell adhesion to a substratum, phagocytosis of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) or IgG-coated SRBC, pinocytosis of dextran sulfate, and NBT dye reduction by the cells were examined. The occurence of these processes was much greater in RA-treated THP-1-Cs5 cells than in RA-treated THP-1-R cells. Of all these functional activities, the most remarkable differences between the two cell types were seen for cell adhesion and phagocytosis of SRBC.
Morphological changes in RA-treated THP-1-Cs5 cells were observed by light and electron microscopy. RA-treated THP-1-Cs5 cells had a moderately-developed Golgi apparatus, and abundant lysosomes, mitochondria and lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. Among various retinoids examined, RA was the strongest inducer of the differentiation of the THP-1-Cs5 cells into mature cells. These findings suggest that THP-1-Cs5 cells which contain aneuploid chromosomes are more efficiently functionally differentiated by RA than are THP-1-R cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (5054K) -
Yumiko Matsuzawa, Kimiko Murakami-Murofushi, Jiro Ohta, Masaki Shioda1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 243-250
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNuclei were isolated from synchronized plasmodia of a true slime mold, Physarum polycephalum, in S-phase, and DNA synthesis in the nuclei was studied in vitro. The nuclei catalyzed DNA synthesis at the rate of 0.7 ng DNA/1.0×106 nuclei/30min at 25°C, which was 5 times higher than that catalyzed in G2-phase nuclei. The DNA synthesis required Mg2+, four kinds of deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates and ATP, suggesting that the mode of synthesis is a replicative-type, but not a repair-one. Sedimentation analysis of the DNA products revealed that the nuclei produced 2-4S DNA fragments mainly during a 30-sec pulse incubation, and 2-4S, 5-12S and longer fragments during a 15-min incubation. The pulse-and chase-labeling experi-ments showed that the 2-4S fragments shifted discontinuously to longer fragments. These results indicate that the nuclei catalyze the formation of 2-4S Okazaki fragments first and then their subsequent ligation. Eighty % and 96 % of the DNA synthesis was inhibited by 200 μg/ml aphidicolin and 40 mM N-ethylmaleimide, respectively, but 80 % of the activity was resistant to 100 μM 2', 3'-dideoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate. These results suggest that the DNA synthesis is catalyzed by the a-type DNA polymerase of Physarum polycephalum.View full abstractDownload PDF (954K) -
Sadaki Yokota, Dariush H. Fahimi1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 251-264
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fine structural localization of albumin in rat liver paren-chymal cells was determined by an improved immunocytochemical method and serial sectioning. Albumin in the secretory apparatus of the parenchymal cells was present in segments of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, interrupted with negative segments, in transport vesicles, Golgi saccules, finely anastomosed tubules and vesicles on the trans side of the Golgi complex, and in secretion granules. Horizontally sectioned Golgi saccules contained lipoprotein particles on one side and albumin on the other side. After transport, the vesicles that contained albumin fused with the so-called rigid lamellae on the trans-side of the Golgi complex. Ultrathin serial sections revealed no true structural continuity between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cis-aspect of the Golgi complex. We concluded that secretory proteins are transported from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex by transport vesicles that bud from the endoplasmic reticulum and fuse with the Golgi saccules. These vesicles fuse regularly with the Golgi saccules on the cis-side and occasionally with tubular elements on the trans-aspect that may belong to the so-called GERL.View full abstractDownload PDF (7294K) -
Mitsuru Hirata, Junji Miyakoshi, Wasako Oda, Chiyoko Inagaki1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 265-272
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of extracellular anions (10-150 mM, added as Na salts to normal growth medium) on the growth of Chinese hamster V-79 cells were examined. Additions of NaCl and NaNO3 at concentrations greater than 60 mM reduced the growth rate dose-dependently. Several other anions also inhibited cell growth in the decreasing order of potency, SCN->NO2-> NO3->Br->Cl->gluconate->glutamate->Mes-. When the added anions were removed, the growth rate was restored to the control rate. Cell survival was markedly reduced by the addition of SCN-, but was less affected by other anions (Cl-, NO3-and NO2-) of comparable potency. The respective syntheses of cellular DNA and protein, as estimated from the incorporation of [3H]-thymidine and [14C]leucine, also decreased with the increase in the concen-tration (60-120 mM) of anions added, the order of potency being SCN-> NO2->NO3-> Cl-. After anion-treatment, the cellular Na+ concentration increased and the cellular Cl-concentration decreased in the order of SCN-> NO2->NO3-, Cl-, but, the cellular K+ concentration did not change signifi-cantly. These data suggest that changes in extracellular anions affect cell growth and survival, probably through changes in the intracellular Na+ or Cl-concentration and in the rates of protein and/or DNA synthesis.View full abstractDownload PDF (810K) -
Koichi Takeda, Toshio Suda, Tetsuo Sudo, Yasusada Miura1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 273-280
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPreviously, we serially transplanted tumors that produced colony-stimulating factor (CSF) into nude mice, who developed marked granulocytosis along with tumor growth; their leukocyte counts reaching approximately one million per cu mm. The numbers of CFU-GM, CFU-E, CFU-Meg, CFU-S and BFU-E were increased in nude mice bearing CSF-producing tumor.
We here report that tumor-conditioned medium (TCM) derived from the CSF-producing tumors had colony-stimulating activity (CSA) and burst-promoting activity (BPA) when normal murine spleen cells as well as normal human bone marrow cells were the target cells. The activity of TCM supported multilineage colony formation in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mouse spleen cells, in which only the primitive population of stem cells was reserved. No interleukin-3 (IL-3) activity was detected in TCM when assayed using the IL-3 dependent cell lines. We conclude that the factor in TCM acts on pluripo-tent stem cells and on the early progenitor stage of various cell lineages. It is distinct from IL-3.View full abstractDownload PDF (859K) -
Hiroshi Komada, Hiroshi Nakabayashi, Mari Idota, Masayuki Hara, Takao ...1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 281-285
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLow concentrations of cytochalasin B enhanced the T cell mitogenesis induced by concanavalin A (Con A) and interleukin 2 (IL-2). Mitogenesis was augmented by cytochalasin B given in the Con A-dependent early phase, or through T cell mitogenesis. Cytochalasin B did not enhance T cell mitogenesis when given only in the IL-2-dependent late phase. Use of the monoclonal antibody that directs the IL-2 receptor showed that cytochalasin B increased the expression of the IL-2 receptor induced by Con A. We con-cluded that cytochalasin B acts on an early phase of T cell mitogenesis and augments the expression of IL-2 receptor which enables certain nonresponsive T cells to respond to IL-2.View full abstractDownload PDF (462K) -
Koichiro Shiokawa, Yuchang Fu1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 287-294
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Xenopus neurula cells, "30S" RNA was found to be labeled with 3H-uridine after a relatively short labeling period. Results obtained from cumulative labeling and pulse-labeling and chase experiments with cells from late gastrulae, yolk plug-stage embryos, and neurulae showed that the 30S RNA is an intermediate in rRNA processing and is derived from 40S pre-rRNA and processed to 28S rRNA. The half-life of the 30S rRNA intermedi-ate was about 7.5 min or less at the three stages examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (710K) -
Sadaki Yokota, H.D. Fahimi1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 295-309
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe uptake of formalin-denaturated homologous albumin (FDA) by rat liver sinus-lining cells was studied using ultrastructural, cyto-chemical, and immunocytochemical techniques. Three minutes after intra-venous injection of: 1) FDA, 2) peroxidase-coupled FDA (HRP-FDA), 3) ferritin-labeled FDA (FE-FDA), 4) colloidal gold-labeled FDA (CG-FDA), or 5) 0.85 % NaCl, livers were fixed by perfusion with two different fixatives. Liver sections were processed to cytochemical, immunocytochemical, or immunoelectron microscopical procedures. By light microscopic immuno-cytochemistry (groups 1 and 5), discrete granular staining was seen in endo-thelial cells, Kupffer cells, and parenchymal cells. Whereas the staining in endothelial cells and Kupffer cells was much weaker in group 5 than in group 1, no difference was noted in parenchymal cells between the two groups. By immunoelectron microscopy, albumin was localized in coated pits, coated ve-sicles, endosomes, and phagosomes of endothelial cells and Kupffer cells. In parenchymal cells, however, albumin was confined exclusively to the secretory apparatus. In group 2 (HRP-FDA) the reaction product was localized only in coated pits, vesicles, and endosomes of endothelial cells and Kupffer cells, but not in parenchymal cells. Similarly, in animals injected with FE-FDA and CG-FDA, the ferritin and gold particles were found exclusively in the same intracellular compartments of the sinus-lining cells. The results strongly suggest that FDA is internalized by endothelial cells and Kupffer cells through a receptor-mediated endocytosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (2539K) -
Yasuko Watanabe, Minako Kawada, Bonro Kobayashi1987 Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 311-316
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo examine the influence of insulin on megakaryocytopoiesis, we tested its effect on murine bone marrow cultures in a liquid culture system. In the presence of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell conditioned medi-um in culture, insulin markedly enhanced megakaryocyte colony formation and increased the number and size of free megakaryocytes seen after 7 days. Many of the cells in cultures with insulin, however, were classified as immature, since they had a basophillic cytoplasm, a low cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio and low acetylcholinesterase activity. It is suggested that insulin potentiates murine marrow megakaryocytopoiesis in vitro, but that this is not accompanied by differentiation of the cells from the immature to mature state.View full abstractDownload PDF (3212K)
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