Cell Structure and Function

Culture of Spontaneously Contracting Myocardial Cells from Adult Rats

Stuart L. Jacobson

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 1-9
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

A method is described for isolating single myocardial cells from adult rats and for establishing them in culture. Isolation is achieved by simul-taneous enzymatic and mechanical treatment of excised cardiac tissue. Exposure to the enzymes, a mixture of trypsin and collagenase, is carried out in a specially designed apparatus in which enzyme-loosened cells are liberated from the tissue. Cells are spontaneously contractile upon isolation, establish in culture, and continue to contract for up to 60 days. Features of the isolation procedure are discussed and are compared with those of conventional procedures. Preliminary results are reported showing that isolated cells are sensitive to electric stimulation and to application of L-epinephrine.

View full abstract

Download PDF (4723K)
Effect of Dibutyryl Adenosine 3', 5'-Cyclic Monophosphate on Several Metabolic Systems in Sea Urchin Eggs

Ikuo Yasumasu, Akiya Hino, Kouichi Asami

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 11-19
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.11

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Effects of dibutyryl adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (db-cAMP) on glycolysis, oxygen uptake and protein synthesis were inves-tigated in unfertilized sea urchin eggs to examine the possible role of adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate in the activation of cellular functions upon fertilization. Treatment of unfertilized eggs with 1 to 5 mM of db-cAMP caused activation of the glycolytic system but exerted no effect on oxygen uptake and protein synthesis. The influx of Ca²⁺ into the eggs, having been demonstrated upon fertilization, was not observed in unfertilized eggs when the eggs were treated with cAMP.

View full abstract

Download PDF (860K)
Studies on the Mechanism of Phagocytosis. I. Effect of Electric Surface Charge on Phagocytic Activity of Macrophages for Fixed Red Cells

Hiroshi Nagura, Junpei Asai, Kyohide Kojima

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 21-28
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.21

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The relationship was examined between in vitro peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of glutaraldehyde-treated sheep red cells (GRCs) and the electric surface charge density of the cells. A low ionic strength produced a significant increase in the negative charge of the macrophage and GRC surfaces, and this was accompanied with a reduction in macrophage phagocytic activity. Treatment of cells with protamine sulfate reduced the negative surface charge of both macrophages and GRCs. This protamine sulfate treatment resulted in an increase of macrophage phagocytic activity. Furthermore, the macrophage phagocytic activity decreased linearly with an increase in the product of the negative charge density on the surfaces of both macrophages and GRCs. These results suggest that the magnitude of the electrostatic repulsion force between the surfaces of the macrophage and GRC is an important factor in the control mechanism of the attachment to macrophages that preceded ingestion.

View full abstract

Download PDF (735K)
Janus Green B Causing Functional Disturbances in Mitochondria in Mg²⁺-containing Medium

Masako Urata

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 29-39
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.29

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The effect of Janus green B was investigated on respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of isolated rat liver mitochondria with and without magnesium ions. Janus green B in medium with magnesium ions stimulated state 4-respiration, inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and induced swelling of the mitochondrial matrix. This dye also suppressed the arsenate-and calcium-stimulated respiration of mitochondria. Such disturbances of mitochondrial function by Janus green B were rarely observed in the absence of magnesium ions. It can be concluded that the swelling of mitochondria and the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by Janus green B were clearly related to magnesium ions.

View full abstract

Download PDF (3071K)
Application of the Galvanic Oxygen Electrode for Measuring Respiration and Photosynthesis and the Design of a Portable Meter

Kozo Utsumi, Kengo Kurahasi, Masanobu Miyahara, Masao Yasuda

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 41-45
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.41

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

A new oxygen electrode meter was designed using a galvanic oxygen electrode. The current generated by the electrode depended on the oxygen concentration in the reaction medium, and the absolute number of oxygen molecules was calculated from the current measured in solution containing a known amount of dissolved oxygen. The electrode is stable, sensitive, responsive, economical and is suitable for measuring oxygen utilization in biochemical experiments. A portable version of the same oxygen electrode meter was also designed for undergraduate use.

View full abstract

Download PDF (412K)
RNA Metabolism in Primary Cultures of Xenopus laevis Kidney Cells. II. Comparison of the Pattern of RNA Synthesis at Different Phases of Growth

Koichiro Shiokawa, Yoshio Misumi, Yuko Nishio, Kiyotaka Yamana

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 47-50
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.47

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The incorporation pattern of 3H-uridine into various RNA species was examined at the lag, logarithmic and stationary phases in primary cultures of Xenopus laevis kidney cells. The relative amount of labeling of 40S ribosomal RNA precursor was strikingly high in stationary phase cells. It was suggested that in addition to the transcription rate of ribosomal RNA genes, the processing rate of the ribosomal RNA precursor may be reduced when cellular proliferation becomes inactive at the stationary phase.

View full abstract

Download PDF (355K)
X-Ray Microanalysis on the Erythrocytes of Sipunculids

Osamu Ochi

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 51-54
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.51

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Most erythrocytes of the sipunculid Golfingia ikedai have a single electron-dense granule. An energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis showed that the major element of the granule is iron. Several granules of the same type were found in erythrocytes of the sipunculid Phascolosoma scolops. The iron may be related to the metabolism of hemerythrin in synthesis or degradation.

View full abstract

Download PDF (2591K)
A Method for the Simultaneous Demonstration of Mitochondria and Their Nucleoids in the Myxomycete Physarum polycephalum by Light Microscopy

Tsuneyoshi Kuroiwa, Shigeyuki Kawano

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 55-58
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.55

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

A HCl-thionine staining technique was devised for the simulta-neous demonstration of in situ mitochondria and their nucleoid in the plasmo-dium of Physarum polycephalum, as well as for isolated mitochondria from microplasmodia of the same organism. Light microscopy of samples stained by the method revealed that most mitochondria contained a particle-or rod-shaped nucleoid but an appreciable number of isolated mitochondria contained V-shaped mitochondrial nucleoids. Since such mitochondria containing V-shaped nucleoid were larger in size, it appears that these mitochondria may be dividing mitochondria.

View full abstract

Download PDF (2935K)
Errata

1977 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 59
Published: 1977
Released on J-STAGE: April 18, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1247/csf.2.1_59

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (29K)

Register with J-STAGE for free!