Drug Delivery System
Online ISSN : 1881-2732
Print ISSN : 0913-5006
ISSN-L : 0913-5006
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Volume 37, Issue 1
Drug Delivery System
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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The new year's greetings
FOREWORD
OPINION
[Feature articles] “Societal Issues and DDS” Editor:Mitsunobu R. Kano
  • "Issues" in clinical medicine and in society
    Mitsunobu R. Kano
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 8-16
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.8
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The theme of the 2022 Congress, “不（fu）”, is a Japanese prefix for negation. It can mean “mysterious”, “uncertain”, “unhappy”, “incurable”, “inconvenient” or “anxious”—feelings one can experience in situations where clinical practice and/or society have not yet been able to sufficiently deliver. Recognizing and working towards resolving these situations could fuel new developments in DDS. According to the definition adopted by Schumpeter, “innovations” are characterized by discontinuity—novelty achieved through “new combinations” in terms of satisfying human needs. What, then, is the result of combining “不（fu）” and DDS? Broadly speaking, the notion of “不（fu）” in medicine has changed from “how not to die” to “how to live a fulfilling life until the very end”. In other words, the focus has shifted from simply saving lives to adequately controlling symptoms. This review aims to highlight this through an overview of the “不（fu）” of various diseases. The same question is at the root of the SDGs, which are society’s “不（fu）”：how can the number of individuals empowered to live fulfilling lives be increased？
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  • Biomarkers with digital technology and digital biomarkers for medication management
    Mizuki Morita
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 17-24
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.17
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    If the therapeutic agent can be introduced into the patient’s body at the optimal time and in the optimal dose, or if the optimal concentration can be maintained by doing so, it should be possible to provide a higher quality of care than is currently available. One strategy is to monitor the patient’s condition and the concentrations of therapeutic agents in the body, and then to estimate the timing and dosage of medication. This paper describes the research and development of digital technology-based biomarkers and digital biomarkers for several diseases and conditions （diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, asthma, COPD, pain, itch, hypertension） that are being implemented to optimize treatment.
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  • Answering to social issues – Delivery of mRNA vaccines and therapeutics
    Satoshi Uchida
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 25-34
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.25
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Pandemic of coronavirus infectious disease （COVID）-19 has exerted serious impacts on society and medical serves. Two messenger RNA （mRNA） vaccines were approved within one year after the outbreak of COVID-19, providing a hopeful solution to this issue. Meanwhile, Japan lags behind in vaccine development, which imposes economic burden and causes limited supply of vaccines. Along with vaccines for preventing infectious diseases, other medical fields are potential targets of mRNA therapeutics； successful outcomes have been reported in clinical trials of cancer vaccines and immunotherapy, genome editing, and protein replacement therapy, which will help to address medical issues associated with the declining birthrate and the aging population in the future. Japan has huge potentials to contribute to the field of mRNA vaccines and therapeutics, especially by utilizing its original technologies in drug delivery system （DDS）. Notably, DDS, as well as chemical modification of mRNA, has played substantial roles in the development of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. This review focuses on mRNA delivery systems, including synthetic nanoparticles from lipids and polymers and nature-derived systems, such as extracellular vesicles and naked mRNA.
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  • Undeliverable to deliverable, DNA delivery to pancreatic cancer cells
    Kensuke Osada
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 35-44
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.35
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Nanomedicines with a particle size larger than 50 nm cannot access pancreatic cancer cells because the fibrous stroma covering the cancer cells acts as a barrier. This means that semi-flexible polymeric DNA with a persistence length of 50 nm cannot be delivered to pancreatic cancer cells. On the contrary, it means that DNA can be delivered if the particle size is less than 50 nm. In this paper, after describing the basic design guidelines for gene vectors made of polymers, we will discuss how DNA can be folded below the persistent length and minimized to pass through the stroma. This overcomes the “no” of undeliverability and makes it possible to express genes in pancreatic cancer cells.
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  • Answering to social issues – How can we build and utilize a backcasting-approach-based open innovation platform?
    Akihiro Kishimura, Yoshiki Katayama
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 45-53
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: June 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.45
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In the present article, we propose a new style of open innovation as an approach to solve unsolved issues “不（Fu）” of Japanese companies as well as societal issues in Japan （“Fu” of Japanese society） based on a backcasting approach. Also, we introduce the Open Science Platform promoted by Kyushu University as an practical example of such a new open innovation platform.
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  • Venture capitals in venture ecosystem in Japan
    Hiroyuki Hasegawa
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 54-62
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.54
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Bio-ventures are indispensable for the progress of life science and medical care and the prosperity of the pharmaceutical industry. It is also important to form an ecosystem surrounding ventures. Venture capitals（VC） encourage venture start-ups, invest risk money in ventures in uncertain business stages, and support discontinuous business growth. There are various negative situations in the venture ecosystem in Japan, but each player is working with the will of indomitable in anticipation of its growth.The origin of drug discovery research in academia is the desire to cure the patient in front of us, and there is a strong unmet medical need. As a VC, we would like to pay attention to the movement of social implementation of academia technology and face negative situations in the venture ecosystem in Japan.
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  • Clinical Development & Commercialization of DDS to meet Unmet Medical Needs
    Toshio Nagae
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 63-70
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.63
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    DDS would provide massive clinical and economic advantages over existing active pharmaceutical ingredients（API）. The advantages reflect concerted strategies of clinical development and commercialization including Reimbursement pricing. We design Target Product Profile（TPP） such two different ways of thinking as Seeds and Unmet Medical Needs. And we develop the strategies to optimize Value of Product-X reflecting R&D-Commercial（C）-Interaction. The interaction is essential for the value optimization by achieving happiness for Patients, Physicians, Para-medicals, Policy-makers, Payers, and Pharma companies namely P X 6. This paper shows concept of Quantitative Forecasting Model including number of patients in specific indication for Product-X, Reimbursement price, Cost of goods, R&D costs and Operating profit.
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Front line of DDS development in pharmaceutical industries
  • New cancer therapy with IlluminoxⓇ platform
    Kohei Nakajima, Mikako Ogawa
    2022 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 72-77
    Published: January 25, 2022
    Released on J-STAGE: April 25, 2022
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2745/dds.37.72
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In 2020, the IlluminoxⓇ platform was approved as a new cancer therapy. The IlluminoxⓇ platform is a generic term for a technology that uses light to kill cells by irradiating an agent that binds to cancer cells. Currently, AkaluxⓇ as the drug and the BioBladeⓇ laser system as the light irradiation system have been approved. AkaluxⓇ is an antibody photosensitizer conjugate, and IR700 （photosensitizer） is conjugated to anti-EGFR antibody. This drug is administered intravenously, and laser irradiation is performed one day later.
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Tips for your DDS research
“Young Square” (mini review)
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