Recently, the number of public transportation users has decreased because of the impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) spread. However, not all users have equally decreased their public transportation usage, and changes in use are different for each individual. Therefore, this study aims to examine the change in rail usage based on certain attributes and the details of the change in terms of usage time, focusing on those who did not change their high usage frequency. For such characteristic attributes in terms of the percentage of high frequency rail users, the degree of change and its volume were investigated using cluster analysis. The findings indicate that the degree of change in rail usage is diverse, which means that the change depends on people.

Recursive logit (RL) models can predict mode and path choices at the same time by modeling them as a sequence of link choices in a multimodal network. However, RL models can incorporate link-additive attributes only, constraining their applicability by restricting the variable selection. Therefore, this study proposes a methodology to include non-link-additive attributes to the RL model to analyze and predict users' intermodal path and mode choices on a multimodal network. This study proposes a link-additive approximation method that approximates a non-link-additive path attribute into a corresponding link attribute that holds the link-additivity. The methodology is applied to the actual network and trip data in Seoul, Korea, with two non-link-additive attributes: transit fare and transfer penalty. The result shows that including those non-link-additive attributes in the RL model improves both the goodness-of-fit and accuracy of the model.

Commuters tend to shift from public transport modes to private modes due to numerous reasons causing an increased demand for the road network. Ultimately, this movement has been reflected in road congestion, environmental pollution and higher accident rates. A main reasons for this movement is the poor service quality of the public transport service. Therefore it is very important to identify the factors affecting the satisfaction level of the bus passengers. This study investigates the satisfaction level of bus passengers with a latent variable model using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Online and face-to-face interviews were carried out using a questionnaire to obtain the satisfaction level of the bus passengers on a five-point Likert scale. Model development and validation were done using SPSS AMOS statistical software. The results of the analysis reveal that driver and conductor behaviour, comfort level and service quality are significantly affecting the passenger satisfaction level.

The first HSR in the Southeast Asia region connects Jakarta – Bandung (± 140 Km). It saves around 40min travel time between those cities, serving Halim-Karawang-Padalarang-Tegaluar. Meanwhile, Karawang station will be located in a developing area for the industrial and residential areas between Deltamas and THK. Accessibility is a need to connect the area and station. The study observes the effect of proposed accessibility on the potential demand improvement. The mode choice model is based on a previous study in 2019. Applying the discrete choice model shows that the potential demand in 2024 (1^st operation) is 32.620 pax/day. There is a plan for adding a 1.6km road (towards THK) and around 100m bridges (towards Deltamas). The paper finds an increased demand for Karawang station ±15%. The result indicates that accessibility has a significant role in ensuring sustainability demand.

This study conducts a simulation analysis to explore conditions in which Braess's Paradox occurs. Specifically, we hypothesize that Braess's Paradox depends on the road network structure and travel demand patterns. To confirm these hypotheses, we develop a three-step method: (1) generate various virtual road networks and travel demand patterns, (2) calculate user equilibrium assignments under both conditions before/after removing some road links for the generated road network and travel demand to obtain total travel time at the equilibrium state and confirm the occurrence of Braess's Paradox, and (3) develop a surrogate model with decision tree using the generated data obtained in step (2), where the objective variable is occurrence of Braess's Paradox and explanatory variables are indices related to road network and travel demand patterns. The results show that travel demand does not affect the occurrence of Braess's Paradox, while the network structure has a significant influence on it.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a considerable impact on the movement of people. This has subsequently affected the transportation system and several aspects of people’s decision-making such as the selection of transport mode. The study seeks to identify the factors influencing commuters’ selection of travel mode. Discrete choice models were estimated to predict the modal share amidst the pandemic. The data was collected from the residents in Siniloan, Laguna, Philippines through an online survey. The findings revealed that an individual’s demographic profile, which includes age, monthly income, and vehicle ownership have significant relationship with selection of mode of transportation. Moreover, trip characteristics such as travel purpose, distance, time, cost, safety, and satisfaction were also found to be significant. The findings of the study may provide insights that can be useful for government officials to plan transportation management if ever similar crises occur.

Route-search history data accumulated in a public transportation route-search system provide potential travel demands for public transportation. This study uses route-search history data to understand the changes in travel demand for public transportation before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we employ a piecewise linear approximation model for changes in the number of bus route searches performed using a route search system in Tottori Prefecture, Japan. By clarifying the date and time of changes in the number of route searches and trends, we identify the characteristics of the changes in the route search numbers. According to the analytical results, the potential travel demands shown by the route-search history data confirmed the bus routes that recovered from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and those that did not. Furthermore, the data confirmed the routes for which the travel demands changed, unrelated to the COVID-19 pandemic.

While transit-oriented development (TOD) encourages sustainable travel behavior and reduces vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT), most previous studies have explored the impact of built environment characteristics on travel behavior in developed nations, and little is known about developing economies, particularly in Asian regions such as Pakistan. Our study fills this research gap and examines the impact of TOD attributes on residents’ travel behavior around bus rapid transit (BRT) stations using 426 respondents in Lahore. We employed a multilevel mixed-effect regression model to understand the impact of TOD attributes on VKT. This study concluded that TOD residents are more likely to use BRT, walking, and motorcycles and drive less than transit-adjacent development residents. Moreover, the model results demonstrate that population density, residential density, and land-use diversity were not significantly associated with VKT. Our results suggest that high-density mixed-use development strategies reduce VKT and encourage transit and non-motorized use for sustainable travel behavior.

In urban areas with high pedestrian densities, it is challenging to allocate space that effectively caters to both (1) travel functions, ensuring safe and smooth movement, and (2) place functions, supporting various activities on the street. To address this issue, this study introduces a hierarchical pedestrian behavior model. This model considers both travel and place functions of urban street space within a dynamic discrete choice framework based on the random utility maximization theory. The model comprises (1) a macro model, determining pedestrian numbers by modeling transitions across links, and (2) a micro model, capturing pedestrian behavior within a link for both moving and staying purposes. Through an illustrative numerical simulation, it is demonstrated that an increase in the number of stayers within crowded spaces leads to a reduction in the consumer surplus of movers. This research contributes to optimizing urban street space by dynamically adjusting the travel and place functions.

This study focuses on enhancing the accuracy of the taxi demand forecasting model by location at different times of the day. The disequilibrium between taxi supply and demand occurs because both operators and taxi drivers have difficulty emotionally estimating the number of passengers and the demand from locals. Taxi driver and passenger time matching are considered the main factor for taxi allocation, but external parameters, such as the weather, may also have a strong impact. To solve this challenge, we have proposed a hybrid machine learning (HML) model. The HML, which combines linear regression (LR), random forest (RF), gradient boosting (GB), and decision tree (DT) algorithms, has been developed and tested on a year's worth of taxi and weather data in Nagaoka, Japan. Our findings show that the HML is better than any of the individual models, even if by a slight margin, which might be advantageous to taxi companies.

This study proposes a computationally efficient method for the traffic states estimation by using floating car data. The traffic states in a road network are obtained by solving a full information maximum likelihood estimation (FIMLE) problem under user equilibrium (UE) constraints. Solving the FIMLE problem under UE constraints requires much computations time. Therefore, a solution algorithm based on the sensitivity analysis for UE is proposed in this study. We estimate the traffic states in the Asahikawa network in Hokkaido, Japan by applying the method proposed in this study.

This study examines the quantitative influence of various factors on travel behaviour and provides policy implications for developing countries, focusing on the walking environment and attitudes towards walking in terms of the influence on the travel mode choice behaviour for short-distance and long-distance trips. The study utilizes data collected through questionnaires in three Asian megacities to analyse preferences and behavioural intentions for the travel mode choice. The results reveal that attitudes towards walking significantly contribute to enhancing the modal shift from private vehicles for both short-distance and long-distance trips, and it could be achieved through the improvement of the access and egress environments between the origin, destination and the transit stop. Other influences of other attitudes and habits of behaviour on preferences and behavioural intentions are also quantified. The policy implications emphasize the importance of each component in public transport development projects for promoting sustainable travel choices.

Even within a fixed area, traffic volumes and choices of mode of transportation can be expected to vary throughout the day. Person-trip surveys and other conventional survey methods have limited sample sizes, and so do not always address these issues. However, providing detailed transportation service and transportation planning requires an understanding of transportation demand by time of day in small areas and regional grid cells. In this study, therefore, the author used KDDI Location Data, a big data set of origin–destination data that has recently become available, to analyze hourly travel demand with 250-m grid cells in Tokyo on a weekday in October 2018. The results show that generated traffic volumes reach a maximum at different times of the day in different cells, and that traffic volume distributions and modes of transportation tend to differ between the early morning and late hours.

The risk awareness shaped by the media is a critical factor affecting the public's preventive behavior during the pandemic. For Taiwanese people, the news provides essential information about COVID-19; however, media channels in most research discussing public transit volume are confined to social media. The study proposes a framework to analyze the interaction between ridership of Taipei Metro, COVID-19 cases, and its related news by vector autoregression model, which can capture each interaction between variables in former periods. Results reveal that the number of COVID-19 cases and related news have opposite lag impacts on Taipei Metro riding. In addition, compared with the number of COVID-19 cases, pandemic news has a more significant impact on the ridership of Taipei Metro. By considering the insights derived from this research, policymakers can better manage public response, promoting preventive behaviors and mitigating public panic among citizens through strategically disseminating pandemic-related news.

During the COVID pandemic, a boom in bicycle usage was seen in India. As a result, many cities started developing dedicated bicycle infrastructure. This study identified the need for a user-perception based Service Level Benchmarking framework for monitoring bicycle infrastructure development and ensuring that it takes place in the direction as desired by the users. For this, the study proposes a methodological structure for determining a user-perception based Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS) evaluation framework taking Patna as a case study. In this process, a Discrete Choice Experiment is performed along contextually relevant factors affecting bicycle usage. The collected choice data is analyzed using a Random Parameter Logit Model and the Generalized Cost (GC) Equation is obtained. This is used to evaluate the BLOS for Patna. This method ensures that the level of service of bicycle infrastructure interpreted from this scale is exactly how the users perceive it.

The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze how the provision of information influences the behavioral choices of truck operators, who often experience cases of getting stuck causing strandings. In the analysis, data were collected through a questionnaire-based SP survey on behavioral choices when highway information was presented during heavy snowfalls. The results obtained were analyzed by parameter estimation using a binomial logit model to determine the influence of company attributes and the information presented on behavioral choices.The analysis revealed that information such as the probability of road closures and the duration of road closures had a significant impact on route choice. The results of the analysis showed that trucking companies that handle perishable food products and those that cannot negotiate with their shippers to stop their trucks have an influence on route choice.

Many Malaysian low carbon cities have embarked into improving urban mobility by offering more cost-effective, faster, and environmentally friendly transportation options including micromobility such as e-scooters. However, the public have raised concerns about the usage of this service on public roads. Whether this service works in Malaysia or not, a surge in policy initiatives to mitigate the negative effects and enable the harmonic coexistence of e-scooters with other travel modes would be appropriate. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the perception of safety, comfort and chaos when using different micromobility modes in Shah Alam city. The findings suggested that residents in lower age group tend to feel safe and confort for walking with the presence of micromobility and both genders think the road become chaotic with the increasing number of micromobility user.

Despite the expansion of the Bangkok metro network, many people still choose to drive due to limited accessibility. To the problems, the last-mile connectivity in Bangkok is on the spot for research, studies, and planning. This paper utilizes an activity-based model to assess the effectiveness of the last-mile policies of three station areas in Bangkok. The results indicate that walkway improvements will increase the modal share of metro users by 0.099 percent, while taxi price reductions lead to an increase of approximately 0.049 percent in metro users. However, pricing policies, such as fare reductions, do not affect the number of passengers. From the results, encouraging passengers to shift from private to public transportation in Bangkok would be best achieved by improving the customer experience rather than relying on economic instruments. The model shows that people are willing to pay more for a comfortable and punctual public transportation service.

The present study aims to identify the priority attributes influencing the mode choice of inland water transport service on the basis of users' perception in Kolkata Metropolitan Area, India. A user perception survey was conducted in the study area to capture the perceived importance of 12 selected attributes based on 5-point Likert scale rating and users' preferences in terms of acceptable ferry service characteristics. Relative to an Identified Distribution (RIDIT) analysis, a multi-attribute decision making technique, has been adopted to identify the important attributes. The analysis reveals several interesting findings which will help the policy-makers to identify the priority areas of interventions in order to increase the attractiveness of one of the sustainable modes of transport. The study will be useful for researchers, policy-makers and transport planners of other regions while identifying the areas of improvement of ferry services.

The education’s high mobility contributes to congestion. A zoning policy in 2018 implicates students to get education services with close location, potentially changing student mobility. This study was conducted to identify student mobility changes because of the zoning policy implementation and its factors. Backward elimination and regression were carried out on data from 223 respondents, consisting of students who had not and had experienced a zoning policy for public high schools in Cimahi City. The analysis found that student mobility changed to be more independent and active. The independent and active mobility on the departure trip increased by 30% and 32% on the return trip. The factors affecting students' independent and active mobility are distances, friend support, sidewalks, and pandemic conditions. In addition, the factors influencing students' independent and inactive mobility are weather, gender, sidewalks, driver's license ownership, car ownership, public transportation access, arterial roads, and building functions diversity.

Walking can be seen as the primary and the most elementary form of mobility in India. However, in the endeavour to provide better infrastructure and facilities for motorised vehicles, even the basic requirements of pedestrians are ignored while planning for streets. Hence it becomes essential to provide adequate infrastructure and facilities for pedestrians for the larger imperative of road safety. This study aims to collect user perception data on the pedestrian environment and identify the factors that need the maximum attention to develop adequate pedestrian infrastructure in Indian cities using the integrated “relative to an identified distribution integral transformation” and “importance satisfaction analysis” (RIDIT-ISA) approach. Roorkee city has been taken as a case study. Fourteen factors that affect the pedestrian environment were identified, which was used to conduct the onsite user perception survey. The results derived from the analysis suggest that encroachment-free footpaths, no conflict with non-motorise vehicles, footpath width, and universal accessibility of footpaths are the factors that need the maximum attention for generating a pedestrian-friendly environment in the city.

Ride-hailing, combined with paratransit or electric vehicles, is emerging in developing Asian countries. This study considered case studies of the electric three-wheel (tuk-tuk) ride-hailing service in Bangkok, Thailand and examined its impact on urban sustainability. We analyzed the actual trip data of electric three-wheel ride-hailing provided by the operator and examined transportation efficiency by determining the indicator ratio to complement trains and buses, vehicle-kilometers traveled (VKT), passenger trip distance, and deadheading percentage as 43.8%, 3.60 km, 1.79 km, and 50.4%, respectively. Compared with the estimated route via the most-substituted mode (motorcycle taxi), if a passenger changes the travel mode from motorcycle taxi to electric three-wheel ride-hailing, VKT increases, and deadheading ratio decreases by approximately 2.5% and 8.5%, respectively. The ratio of complementarity of trains and buses, VKT, and deadheading percentage differ with the area; these differences are likely attributed to the land use, size of operation area, station density, and road.

The accessibility of a transit system is defined by the ease of meeting opportunities through it, and users' decision-making process depends on accessibility criteria. However, assessing transit accessibility based solely on the total population may not reflect the system's actual performance. A study conducted interviews with 1,123 transit users to investigate the relationship between users' socioeconomic and trip characteristics with transit accessibility attributes. The study found that distance-based access attributes are the key factors governing accessibility, and a significant difference was observed between the mean access distance of the users in the study area and the globally accepted accessibility of 400 m. Post-HOC analysis showed significant mean differences among different social, economic, and trip characteristic groups, indicating a direct association with the use of public transport. The study also proposed a framework to determine optimal accessibility ranges based on socioeconomic and trip characteristics to enhance the use of public transport.

The paper describes an assessment of travel demand modeling of Ulaanbaatar urban mobility. The Origin-Destination (OD) trip matrices by mode choice are generated utilizing travel demand model with the PTV Visum simulation environment. Ulaanbaatar's travel demand is concentrated in the central part of the city, where workplaces, trade and services, government institutions, universities, and high-quality secondary schools are located, resulting in terrible traffic congestion and environmental pollution. A GIS mapping has been used to show a summary of the proposed model and travel flow.

Understanding the distribution of origin-destination trips by purpose is essential for activity-based travel demand management and future transport planning. This paper aims to identify origin-destination trips by purpose and time of day, based on the usage of their cell phone. In order to derive reasonable origin-destination trips by purposes, it is important to identify activity types such as home, work, and other stay locations. Trips are typically extracted using consecutive stay points and classified according to purpose, with home-based work (HBW), home-based other (HBO), and non-home-based trips (NHB). Home-based other trips are three times more likely than home-based work trips due to the inclusion of many types of other activities. Most people tend to make home-based trips during in the morning peak and evening peak periods. CDR data has captured users’ daily trip chains and has provided for the improvement of existing urban trip models and applied to mitigating congestion.

This paper featured the station access choice study of future light rail transit (LRT) network of Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. A binary logit model was developed to reflect the access mode choice decision between feeder system and private cars. The questionnaires were distributed to 425 local respondents to study their preferences of transport attributes. The LRT station accessibility was evaluated using Detour Index and incorporated to utility functions in the logit model. The model performance was then tested by Machine Learning (ML) technique. The research findings revealed that traditional influential factors include travel cost, travel time, and income levels. In addition, station accessibility in form of Detour Index also show significance in access mode choice for Nakhon Ratchasima residents. Thus, the LRT development plan should utterly consider establishing accessibility improvement policy to effectively promote public transport usage.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated contactless ordering, payment, and delivery for both businesses and consumers. In a technology-savvy era, introducing autonomous vehicles in last-mile delivery has emerged as an alternative and complementary to conventional options. However, there are gaps between academic research and the practical implementation of last-mile autonomous deliveries. This study uses the technology acceptance model (TAM) and structural equation modelling (SEM) to preliminarily explore the behavioural intention of logistics service employees in Singapore for implementing autonomous vehicles in last-mile delivery. Analytical results reveal that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use positively affect behavioural intention through intermediate constructs namely perceived value and perceived risk. Perceived usefulness acts as the strongest predictor of behavioural intention. Perceived ease of use is essential when it is the necessary condition influencing acceptance of autonomous vehicles in last-mile delivery.

City logistics significantly contributes to the traffic congestion and accidents in urban roads. Most of cargo motorcycle riders (or shippers) select motorcycles as their delivery mode. Shippers often have very frequent trips, carrying large parcel boxes, riding fast to fulfil the delivery schedules, hence, the road crashes might occur regularly. This study aims at identifying and ranking the risk factors contributing to the road crashes from shipper’s viewpoint. Based on the face-to-face interview survey conducted in Hanoi, 466 shipper respondents from four e-commerce companies, six delivery companies and two food-delivery companies were collected to investigate the risk factors from shipper’s perception. The results revealed that traffic flow, individual driving behaviour, and weather extremes are major danger factors that shippers perceived. The study facilitates the empirical evidence to urban logistics planners and delivery service providers to possibly reduce the road crashes.

The realization of international sea and air intermodal transportation (SEA&AIR transportation) will improve the competitiveness of international transportation by responding to recent advanced logistics needs, such as shorter transportation days, cost reduction, and environmental load reduction. This study analyzes the feasibility of SEA&AIR transportation via Japan using a generalized cost model. We found that (1) the possibility of SEA&AIR transportation from Kaohsiung to New York via Japan is the highest, with a share of 3.51%; (2) the larger share of marine transportation and the farther destination is a critical issue in realizing SEA&AIR transportation; and (3) SEA&AIR transportation takes over the share of air transportation. SEA&AIR transportation captures the share of air transportation and presents solutions that reduce environmental impact and energy efficiency by reducing air transportation.

The selection most suitable location for an Urban Consolidation Center (UCC) is becoming increasingly important as it can help to reduce distribution costs and minimizing traffic congestion caused by last-mile delivery of goods in urban areas. The objective of our research was to determine the crucial factors that must be considered in order to select the most appropriate site for an Urban Consolidation Center from a sustainability perspective. Also, we have evaluated the relative importance among factors using the most representative Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The proposed issue has been applied to the Mongolian urban freight transportation case with the aim of enhancing sustainability and efficiency. The results of this study could provide valuable insights for managers and public authorities involved in planning distribution networks for last-mile delivery services in urban areas.

The periodic capacitated arc routing problem (PCARP) is a challenging topic city logistics. PCARP is an extension of the well-known capacitated arc routing problem (CARP) to a multi-period horizon. The objective is to minimize the total distance of the trips to serve the required arcs. Due to the PCARP’s NP-hardness, we propose a hybrid iterated local search and randomized variable neighborhood descent (ILS-RVND) to solve it. The proposed ILS-RVND is tested on three sets of PCARP benchmark instances from the literature and compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms. The computational results show that the proposed heuristic is effective to solve the PCARP. We further apply the ILS-RVND to solve the real-world street washing planning problem in Taipei City. The result shows that the travel distance of street washing planning problem can be reduced by arranging and planning the new routes with our algorithm.

The sharing economy is becoming important to modern cities. By reducing the number of delivery trucks and utilizing greener vehicles, some sharing economy-based solutions could promote sustainable urban logistics. The potential of the sharing economy for cargo delivery in Hanoi, Vietnam is assessed in this research with a focus on eight truck-sharing and crowd-shipping companies. The results show that, the truck-sharing market in Vietnam is in the initial stage of development. Sharing services dedicated to urban logistics have been growing more slowly than those intended for passenger transport. According to 62% of the respondents, the most important reason for using sharing platforms is the possibility of saving money. The strongest factor which can encourage prospective users is positive opinions as well as recommendations by friends and family members (41%). The research provides information for transport authorities and logistics managers about the perception of sharing economy-based services by prospective users.

This study defines a multi-criteria decision-making process involving the balance competition of quality, cost, and delivery time during the phase of selection, based on the analytic hierarchy process technique combined with fuzzy concept. Through a series of interview and survey of logistics practitioners and international forwarders in Vietnam, the impact factors on the selection of logistics service providers are identified and analyzed. In accordance with our findings, tangibility and technology and development potential are the first two key factors during the selections, which proves that providing modern technology and advanced equipment to customer leads to a success of logistics service and the long-term relationship between the LSPs and consumers are important. Moreover, compatibility, electronic data interchange, extra costs, and freight price are other key factors to determine the logistics service providers. Conversely, storage capacity and corporate culture would not significantly concern by the survey respondents in this case study.

The delay caused by freeway congestion is one of the main reasons affecting the service level of the freeway, especially non-recurring congestion because of freeway incidents. Hence, when incidents occur, how to dispatch response teams to arrive at the scenes of the incidents in the quickest manner is crucial. The number of available response teams may vary spatiotemporally across the freeway system, leading to imbalance of response capacity, especially when multiple incidents occur. Thereby, this study proposes a dynamic dispatch model considering the redeployment of freeway incident response teams over certain pre-identified temporary sites in the network, with the objective to minimize overall response time for incidents occurring in the studied period. A case study is made based on the roadway network of the Northern District of Taiwan Area Freeway. The result of redeployment enables more flexible dispatch and robust decisions that enhance response efficiency.

The purpose of this study is to examine the change in spatial-based accessibility to the airport-rail station connecting area in Bangkok, Thailand. A recent change to the station layout is the addition of a ramp to the pedestrian bridge linking the commuter rail station to the airport from Don Mueang Station to Don Mueang International Airport. This paper utilizes available features in Rhino7 software, including the visual programming language and environment (Grasshopper) to create pedestrian path networks and Urban Network Analysis (UNA-Betweenness) to reflect the changes in the probability of congestion concerning both ingress and egress. The findings have shown a reduction in the overall probability of congestion after the installation of the ramp, which implies an improvement in passenger flow. However, detailed research on the ratio of congestion probability is essential for specific pedestrian facility improvements. It is recommended that the Betweenness method can be used to develop a crowd management plan in the railway station and effectively locate a point for signage installation.

The significant contribution of holiday trips to the problem of traffic congestion and parking in tourist destinations and the provision of adequate tourism infrastructure in Bali are the main motivations for this study. Data from 296 domestic tourists in Bali were effectively used to construct the model. Multinomial Logit (MNL) and Multinomial Probit (MNP) models were used in this analysis to evaluate the important factors that affect domestic tourists' decisions about their mode of transportation. Despite fundamental differences between MNL and MNP, these two models show similar results of significant variables that influence domestic tourist mode choices in Bali. Both models suggest that accommodations in well-known places are encouraged to offer more access to buses/vans to meet the travel needs of domestic tourists. The study suggests policy implications for local governments to promote the use of public transport by attracting passengers from seniors, group-sized domestic tourists, and the well-known accommodations

This study was conducted with an online survey of 595 Japan residents, who were asked to recall their place memories within local areas and rate them on measures of emotional valence, place attachment, and willingness to stay in the neighborhood. Both path and mediation analyses were employed to confirm the fitness of the collected data for the hypothesis model. The results show that the emotional valence of place memory positively affects the willingness through its effects on place attachment. Several practical implications for urban planning in shrinking and out-migration areas were derived from the findings.

Center median openings in divided highways are introduced for successful and safe U-turn movements. However, the delays caused to preceding vehicles by U-turn vehicles are significant. In most high-volume traffic lanes, the scenarios involving U-turning vehicles will result in impeded flows causing an undesired delay. This paper implements the time series method to analyze and predict queue generation using various real-time variables. The applicability of the aforementioned method in queue length prediction and queue prediction for each vehicle category has been discussed. In conclusion, Arrival flow rate, Waiting time of U-turning vehicle and the U-turning vehicle type has considerable effect on a developed queue at center-median opening.

Although the use of rental cars is increasing for sightseeing in Hokkaido, JR Hokkaido is facing the problem of the closure of its routes; thus, promoting the use of these routes through sightseeing is necessary to maintain them. However, the service level of public transportation, such as JR, and local buses, is low. This study aims to evaluate the service level of the public transportation network in the East Hokkaido area from the viewpoint of sightseeing. Using the timetable data of transportation operators, this study elucidated the number of tourist attractions that can be visited in a day using only JR and local buses and the ratio of waiting to total travel times. In addition, this study puts forward measures for enhancing service level by increasing the number of JR and local buses and by improving their timetables.

The public and private sectors are working to create community bases, which are vital from the perspective of community development, for various people from within and outside depopulated areas in Japan. However, the establishment of several bases is harder in depopulated areas than in urban areas. Moreover, such bases should be created efficiently. This study aims to clarify the functions of community bases that encourage residents to visit them, propose characteristics of ideal community bases, and suggest measures that should be implemented to promote visits. An attitude survey on community bases and going-out activities was conducted in three depopulated areas in Hokkaido, and a model of visits to community bases was constructed. Findings showed that the presence of staff that visitors can talk with significantly encourages residents in Hamamasu Ward to visit community bases.

Roadside station along the roadway is an important issue in the field of road transport sector in Mongolia. Due to the lack of proper location planning in the service stations along the intercity road, many roadside stations are operating at the same or close locations and distance of stations are not well organized. This is the reason for the poor availability of services along the road in some parts of the Ulaanbaatar-Altanbulag route, which is the important road connecting Europe and Asia. There are many long-distance drivers, commuters, domestic travelers, and foreign tourists in this route. The purpose of the survey is to study the satisfaction of passengers on in the route Ulaanbaatar-Altanbulag, which is part of the AH3, and to evaluate the reality of the roadside facilities and services. According to the survey of passengers, there are several problems and causes for insufficient roadside service along the route Ulaanbaatar-Altanbulag, which are inappropriate locations of service stations along the operating road, poor implementation of the service types and standards, instability of service stations along the highway and a lack of service culture at service complexes. It is vital to improve quality of roadside service and optimize locations to promote the development of this route and increase the economic efficiency.

Urban sprawl is known for its environmental and social impacts, such as increasing intensities of traffic and pollution, and disparity in equitability of key public services, respectively. Theories and applications of transit-oriented developments (TODs) have been developed worldwide and are effective for reducing and mitigating these impacts. TODs have managed to integrate transit areas into the urban fabric while promoting active transit, healthy transportation modes, and improved quality of spaces. These outcomes are consistent with values of Healthy Cities Initiatives (HCI) in showing the potential of cities to become places for integrating physical and social spaces, public and active transportation opportunities, and a healthier environment. Using a previous tool for planning TODs, the TOD Suitability Index (TSI), it was integrated with HCI concepts to facilitate planning decisions with HCI concepts. The Healthy Urban Communities planning concept is the goal for urban areas to achieve the reduction of urban sprawl effects and improve the health of its residents. This has led to the integration of transit-oriented planning techniques with HCI that can enable policymakers, and stakeholders (lay-people to the planning and design professions) to plan urban communities that are pedestrian-friendly, less dependent on private transport, conducive for physical activity or exercise, healthy, accessible, and inclusive.

Walkability is a term for planning concepts that can be understood in terms of the mix of amenities in high-density neighborhoods that people can reach on foot. The study aimed to investigate the walkability in commercial center and explore the walkability score with the walkability assessment tool in commercial center. According to a study conducted by Stanford University (2022) ranked Malaysia as the ‘third laziest’ country based on a study of 717,527 people giving them a glimpse into the lives of people in 111 countries across the globe. Furthermore, some of the walkability assessment tools are incomprehensive to measures the walkability. Thus, a new developed walkability assessment tool had been used in this study. Finally, walkability in Kuala Lumpur and Petaling Jaya’s commercial center may be identified comprehensively.

With the continuous deepening of industrialization and economic globalization and the rapid development of port construction, port construction activities have brought a lot of environmental problems to nearby areas, and the green and sustainable port construction has become a trend. In this paper, a comprehensive assessment model of shoreline ecological sensitivity (SES) was creatively established for the potential port construction area before port planning. Considering various original ecological environment indicators in the area near the shoreline before port construction, we used the Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis technology to make weighted overlay of each indicator, and quantitatively obtained the analysis results of shoreline ecological sensitivity. It provides reasonable suggestion for the formulation of sustainable port shoreline planning scheme and mitigate the negative impact of port construction in advance.

Along the High-Speed Rail (HSR) corridors in Asia and Europe, trade migration has intensified economic networks between cities and created an urban-regional development ecosystem where cities along the HSR corridor form a mega-region and reinforce each other. However, throughout the literature, the introduction of HSR has mainly been associated with the urban service sector. Therefore, it has become necessary to identify the implications for regional land development strategies. This paper summarizes the key areas impacted by HSR infrastructure investments that aid in creating a region of impact. The work focuses on creating a theoretical framework for the structure of the HSR corridor. The framework is based on a literature review and a case study of established HSR projects worldwide.

The present study attempts to compare seven tree-based models (including ensembles) to suggest the best modeling approach for identifying the dominating factors (microscopic, macroscopic, and geometric) and predicting the walking speeds over elevated walkways. The results show that Gradient Boosted Trees and Light Gradient Boosted Trees outperformed other approaches in predicting walking speed. The variable importance of final models estimated using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) reveals that walking speed was dependent on the flow, density, and length of the facility. Moreover, other features such as gender, age, height of facility, and width of the facility also play a significant role in determining the pedestrian walking speeds. The identification of important variables not only provides better insight into factors that affect walking speed over elevated facilities but also provides a valuable source of information to researchers, planners, and policymakers for better designing, operation, and management of elevated pedestrian infrastructures.

Sustaining the operation of unprofitable local rail lines has been challenging for railway operators. In Japanese rural areas, railway companies are rebuilding local stations into simple, bus-stop-like structures to reduce maintenance costs. The minimized service and long waiting time raised issues of inconvenience for the passengers. Given the circumstances, local governments attempt to foster local railway use and create liveliness for the locals by integrating public facilities into station buildings. This study targeted an innovative case of railway waiting room improvement, conducted a questionnaire survey on its passengers, and interviewed the local government. Path analysis was used to analyze the structural relationships between passengers’ attitudes and behavioral intentions. The results suggest an improved waiting environment encouraged passengers’ willingness to use the waiting room and decreased their resistance to waiting. Overall, the results provide practical insights to foster the use of local railways and to revitalize the communities around the stations.

This study surveyed city officials to gather data on bus fare policies for the elderly in Core Cities in Japan. We identified several measures, such as free bus fares for them, fixed fares, such as 100 yen (Approx. 0.75 U.S. dollars As of February 14, 2023) per ride, unlimited bus rides for a monthly fee, and discounted bus fares. Next, we conducted an analysis using propensity score matching to determine the relationship between the implementation of these measures and healthy life expectancy (HLE) and average life expectancy (ALE). The results showed that cities with a "Flat Fare" or "Bus Fare Policy" had higher HLE and ALE for both men and women than those without such a policy.

Volunteer-run transportation passenger services with private autos can be a valuable supplement to conventional public transportation for elderly people who have difficulty leaving their homes. They can also provide support for outings, such as shopping and medical appointments. However, over the years, these services have faced sustainability issues due to the required human resources and cost. In this study, the sustainability of passenger services with private autos as evaluated by implementers, such as nonprofit organizations, is investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between the sustainability of transportation services and factors such as income (compensation from other businesses, factors that make it difficult to sustain even if the service is profitable, and factors that make it sustainable even if the service is running at a deficit) is examined. Additionally, the relationships between sustainability issues, performance indices, and measures are explored.

This paper examines the effectiveness of multiple traffic calming measures on an urban residential road network in Asaka City, Japan. The study combines analysis of driving speed data with resident survey data. The public acceptance of infrastructure projects is essential for achieving goals sustainably. More than 50% of residents surveyed believed the neighborhood became more livable with more peace of mind after the installation of speed humps. Speed surveys were conducted both before and after the construction of 7 speed humps which included smooth pedestrian crossing humps and intersection humps. Drivers became more cautious at all locations with the presence of humps. Results of the residents’ opinion survey were validated with the speed survey data of the 85th percentile speed and speed profiles. The findings suggest that area-wide traffic calming measures can be effective in reducing driving speed and improving the perception of safety and quality of life for residents in urban residential areas.