Introduction: There is limited information on the effects of nutritional intervention in Adolescent and Young Adults (AYA) patients.

Objective: To investigate nutritional intervention in AYA patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods: The subjects were 14 AYA patients (16–29 years old, 6 females) who underwent allo-HSCT (transplantation date: day 0) at Shizuoka Cancer Center Blood and Stem Cell Transplantation Department from 2007 to 2015. Nutritional and clinical indexes were evaluated from the day before pretreatment to the day after the end of intravenous nutrition.

Results: The rate of weight loss was correlated with the rate of loss of skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.87, p < 0.01), basal energy expenditure (r = 0.54, p < 0.05), and total protein supply (r = 0.56, p < 0.05). Oral calorie intake was correlated with the course of nutritional-related adverse events (r = –0.94, p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Body weight loss during the course of allo-HSCT in AYA patients was associated with changes in skeletal muscle mass, basal energy expenditure, and total protein supply. Early nutritional intervention is beneficial for reduction of adverse events in allo-HSCT.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum zinc levels and clinical status in persons with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) living at our medical residential facility.

Subjects and Methods: A total of 301 persons with SMID were included in the study. The relationships of serum zinc levels with background factors and blood and urine test values were examined retrospectively.

Results: Of the 301 subjects, 115 (38.2%) presented with hypozincemia (zinc level <60μg/dL), whereas only 17 (5.6%) were within the Japanese standard reference range (80–130μg/dL). Serum zinc levels were positively and significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), energy intake per body weight, and serum albumin and creatinine levels. The proportion of bedridden persons, those with tracheostomy, and users of antiepileptic drugs were significantly higher in the hypozincemia group. Multiple regression analysis revealed that motor function, BMI, tracheostomy, treatment with valproic acid, and serum albumin were significant factors associated with serum zinc levels.

Conclusion: Serum zinc levels in most subjects were below Japanese standard reference values. Bedridden status, low BMI, tracheostomy, valproic acid use, and low serum albumin seem to be risk factors for hypozincemia in persons with SMID.

Background: The characteristics of hand grip strength (HGS) in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) and the sequential changes of HGS and impact of postoperative nutrition on recovery of HGS after LT are unclear.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in 125 recipients who underwent first living donor LT (LDLT) between January 2013 and February 2020. Patients who died or were transferred to other hospitals within 6 months after LDLT and those with short bowel syndrome were excluded. The characteristics of HGS in the patients were investigated by examining the correlation between HGS and skeletal muscle mass, sequential changes in HGS after LT, and the impact of postoperative nutrition on recovery of HGS after LT. The effect of recovery of HGS at 1 month after LT on postoperative length of hospital stay was also examined.

Results: Forty-five patients (36%) had low HGS and there was a strong positive correlation between HGS and skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.0001, r = 0.7656). HGS recovered to the pretransplant level at 6 months after LT. Patients with low preoperative HGS had significantly earlier recovery compared to patients with high preoperative HGS, based on measurements at 1, 6, and 12 months after LT. Patients who received sufficient protein in the early posttransplant period had a significantly higher HGS recovery rate than patients who received insufficient protein. The postoperative length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in patients with high preoperative HGS compared to those with low preoperative HGS.

Conclusions: Sufficient nutrition after LT contributes to early HGS recovery and a shorter postoperative hospital stay.

Objective: The goal of the study was to develop and evaluate a frailty medical checkup system using IoT/ICT tools for local elderly people.

Subjects and Methods: A screening application was developed, after input of data from a tablet or IoT device. Analysis is conducted in the cloud and results are output after reconfiguration for each diagnostic tool. Checkups were performed twice for elderly people in the community from December 2019 to March 2020. Questionnaires were used before and after the checkup. Regression analysis was performed for factors with a possible influence on evaluation of the medical checkup system and behavioral changes after the medical checkup.

Results: A total of 173 people (41 men, 132 women, mean age 72.3 years) received the checkup, and all evaluated the frailty medical checkup system as generally favorable. In the post-checkup questionnaire, the simplicity of the application was significantly associated with the evaluation of the interview method (OR 0.238, p = 0.001), and the comprehensive advice provided by the checkup report significantly affected post-checkup behavioral changes (OR 0.104, p = 0.013).

Conclusion: Our frailty medical checkup system using IoT/ICT tools was found to be effective for elderly people. Provision of comprehensive frailty support is important in this system.

A review of complications was performed in 73 cases treated with percutaneous transesophageal gastrotubing (PTEG) from June 2016 to June 2021. There were 4 cases of accidental removal, 3 of defective granulation at the fistula, 2 of self-removal, and 1 of left recurrent nerve palsy. None of these cases were serious. Tube feeding and decompression of the gastrointestinal tract using PTEG can be managed relatively safely and stably, and further use of this approach is anticipated in home care.