Geographical Research Bulletin was founded in June 2022, and this year ushered in the second publication year of Geographic Research Bulletin. In the past year, Geographical Research Bulletin published a total of 25 articles, which have been included by many retrieval systems. In addition, in July 2022, Geographical Research Bulletin and Advances in Resources Research were listed as recommended journals by the JST preprint server. Geographical Research Bulletin welcomes contributions from all over the world and looks forward to promoting the continuous development of geography research through the joint efforts of academia. Geographical Research Bulletin wishes all authors and readers fruitful results in 2023.

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The tourism industry has an obvious promoting effect on national economic growth, and it is a modern economic form to promote economic and social development. Since Japan implemented the policy of establishing a country through tourism in 2003, the tourism industry has developed rapidly and made remarkable achievements. Based on the push-pull theory, this paper analyzes the reasons for the development of the Japanese tourism industry from two aspects of push and pull. In the push factors, this paper analyzes the relationship between per capita GDP and tourism consumption and then based on the latest Japanese official market survey data, through the analysis of specialization coefficient to clarify the specific push factors and trends of all age groups in Japan. The push factors, it is analyzed from the four aspects of “government behavior”, “non-governmental organizations”, “tourism resources” and “tourism environment” to reveal the concept and path of expanding the space of tourism development in Japan.

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Water drive is the most widely used development technology in oilfields in China. However, more and more oilfields have entered the medium and high water cut stage after long-term development, the proportion of low-grade reservoirs with low permeability and low abundance is getting higher and higher, and the difficulty of water drive development is gradually increasing. How improve the effectiveness of water drive and improving the efficiency of water drive development is the key problem to be solved in oilfield water drive development. Cao et al. (DOI: 10.50908/arr.2.4_99) summarizes the present situation of water drive development technology in China’s oilfields. In recent years, low salinity water flooding has attracted wide attention in oilfield development. Based on the laboratory experiments and field applications of low salinity water flooding, this paper further discusses the mechanism of enhanced oil recovery by low salinity water flooding.

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Wheat is the main source of food in China. Climate change affects the ecosystem of wheat. It is of great significance to determine the extent of its impact on ensuring food security. Fei et al. (2022, DOI: 10.50908/arr.2.4_120) reviewed the research progress on the impact of climate change on wheat in China from four aspects: (1) the impact of planting boundary and planting area; (2) the impact of planting system and yield; (3) the impact of quality; (4) the impact of agricultural input. This paper makes a further discussion and supplementary explanation of the effect of climate change on wheat.

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Now cross-border e-commerce has become an important trend in the development of international trade. In recent years, in the export mode of China’s foreign trade, the proportion of products relying on cross-border e-commerce is increasing year by year. During the epidemic of COVID-19, China’s cross-border e-commerce trade volume rose instead of falling and has become an important part of foreign trade. Qingdao has a good geographical advantage, opening up a new world of cross-border e-commerce and aquatic products export trade. However, there are still many problems in the export of aquatic products relying on cross-border e-commerce. Yu (2022, DOI: 10.50908/grb.1.0_71) makes an in-depth analysis of the current situation of Qingdao’s aquatic products export, finds out the bottleneck restricting the development of Qingdao’s cross-border e-commerce, and gives the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

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The tourism economy has become an important driving force to promote the optimization of economic structure. Tourism innovation is an important strategy to promote the development of the tourism economy. The rapid development of the Japanese tourism economy is closely related to its unique concept of tourism innovation and development. In this paper, by combing the cases of tourism innovation in Japan, the character models of Japanese tourism innovation are summarized into seven types: (1) repackaging type; (2) excavation and reconstruction type; (3) driven type; (4) creative type; (5) value transformation type; (6) characteristic block type; (7) characteristic theme park type. On this basis, the concept of tourism innovation in Japan is discussed. The purpose of this paper is to learn from Japan’s tourism innovation experience to promote the development of the tourism economy in other countries.

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The essence of characteristic agriculture is brand agriculture. Through the establishment of brand agriculture, the agricultural resources in the region will be transformed into characteristic agrarian commodities to promote the transformation and upgrading of farm products. Japan has explored the development path of characteristic agriculture and achieved remarkable results. Driven by the strategy of characteristic agriculture, various Japanese agricultural brands compete to develop, including animal products, vegetables, rice, flowers, fruits, and so on. Cao (2022, DOI: 10.50908/grb.1.0_85) discussed the path and model of the development of agriculture with Japanese characteristics. This paper will further discuss the connotation and extension of characteristic agriculture.

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To analyze the economy and predict future developments, foreign exchange movements are considered important. Since the floating exchange rate system was introduced, foreign exchange movements have been considered important for analyzing the economy and predicting future developments. There are two main ways to analyze currency movements: fundamental analysis and technical analysis. Fundamental analysis is based on economic trends, while technical analysis is based on forecasts of future price movements based on past exchange rates. Since 2000, the Australian dollar has gained attention as a resource-rich currency and a high-interest currency. Fluctuations in the Australian dollar have a major impact on Australia’s export-dependent economy, as well as on countries that source resources and investors in the currency. This paper provides a historical look at the Australian dollar.

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Tight oil has a broad prospect of exploration and development and has become an important replacement resource for conventional oil resources. The enrichment and recoverability of tight oil are closely related to the reservoir structure. The reservoir structure not only determines the occurrence mode of tight oil, but also the key factor affecting the economic development of tight oil. The study of shale reservoir structure has always been the core work of tight oil resources evaluation, and it is also the research hotspot and frontier in the field of oil and gas geology. Based on previous studies, this paper briefly summarizes the characteristics of tight oil reservoirs.

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Water flooding is the most widely used and mature oil field development technology in China. Water flooding development includes water injection flooding and water injection huff and puff. At present, more and more oil fields in China have entered the middle and high water cut stage, and the proportion of reservoirs with low permeability and low abundance is getting higher and higher, which makes oil field development more difficult. How improve the effectiveness of water flooding and improve efficiency of water flooding is the key problem to be solved in oil field water flooding development. This paper briefly introduces the development mode and recovery effect of water flooding in oil fields. The purpose of this paper is to deepen the understanding of the oil fields’ water drive development system and enrich the understanding of the oil fields’ water drive development mechanism, to promote the effective development of the oil fields.

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As a basic energy and clean fuel, natural gas is an important commodity related to the national economy and people’s livelihood. The historical evolution of China’s natural gas price formation mechanism can be divided into three periods: (1) a highly centralized government pricing period, (2) a price two-track system period, and (3) a government-guided price period. With the overall deepening of China’s resource commodity price reform and the increasing proportion of natural gas in the primary energy consumption structure, the natural gas price management system, pricing mechanism, and the trend of price reform in the future have increasingly attracted close attention from all walks of life. This paper puts forward some suggestions on the scheme design of the natural gas pricing mechanism in China.

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On March 9, 2023, Gole 3C well was drilled in Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin. This is the largest ultra-deep oil field in China: Fuman Oilfield, a key well for expanding to ultra-deep strata. The vertical depth of the well is 8,060 m and the horizontal displacement is nearly 1,561 m. This well sets a new record for the deepest horizontal well in Asia. The ultra-deep marine carbonate rocks in Tarim Basin are rich in oil and gas resources, and the largest weathering crust oil fields and the largest condensate gas fields in China have been discovered one after another. The practice and research of exploration and development in Fuman Oilfield show that Fuman Oilfield is rich in oil and gas reservoirs with good oil properties and high production per well. The completion of Gole 3C well indicates that the oilfield development in Tarim Basin has entered a new stage of 9,000 m extra-deep oil and gas exploration and development.

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The stones of other mountains can be used to attack jade. Japan’s tourism resources are not exceptional, but Japan insists on being people-oriented, implementing the innovation of tourism resources with potential tourism resources, and providing humanized services, which makes the Japanese tourism economy develop well. To set the tourism economy, we can learn from the innovative experience of tourism resources of other countries, create our tourism brand and open up a unique development path. Based on previous studies, this paper briefly expounds on how to optimize the space of tourism development, deeply explore the characteristics of tourism resources, and speed up the formation of a new pattern of tourism economic development. The purpose of this paper is to use the experience of other countries for reference to promote the development of the tourism economy in this country or this region.

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Climate change has an important impact on agriculture and affects the agroecosystem. Climate change leads to changes in ecosystem elements such as light, temperature, water, and soil, which weakens the agroecosystem. Conversely, crop production systems also have an impact on climate change. Dealing with climate change has become a research hotspot in the economic, social, and scientific fields all over the world. Based on previous studies, this paper briefly describes the impact of climate change on agriculture and countermeasures.

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In the current foreign exchange investment world, automated trading is becoming popular using automated trading programs. It is essential to optimize the adopted technical indicators before running automated trading programs. Meta Trader 4 includes a genetic algorithm that optimizes the parameters of technical indicators so that optimal parameters can be read out. In this paper, we discuss the scope of the application of currency pairs and time feet in optimizing the parameters of technical indicators by genetic algorithms using Meta Traders 4. As a result, the method of optimizing the parameters of technical indicators by genetic algorithms to improve the stability of investment performance is effective. On the other hand, the same currency pair and the same built-in parameters also change the asset gain or loss of an investment due to the selection of trading hours. Also, embedded parameters can be thoroughly optimized for one currency or period only to have little effect on others.

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Oil is an important resource for economic development, which is irreplaceable to a certain extent. Oil resources can be divided into many types. The occurrence mode of different oil resources is different, and the development mode is also quite different. With the current development technology, there are three categories of economic development of oil resources: (1) light oil (conventional oil), (2) heavy oil (conventional oil), and (3) tight oil (unconventional oil). Based on previous studies, this paper briefly combs the research progress of oil development.

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With the improvement in living standards, people’s demand for tourism has changed, and the form of tourism has developed from general sightseeing tourism to leisure tourism, vacation tourism, and so on. At the same time, the tourism market has also upgraded from price competition to service competition, from product diversification to model innovation. How to construct and improving the tourism industry system and promoting the development of the tourism industry is the key to the development of the regional economy. In light of the environmental changes faced by the development of the tourism economy, this paper discusses the main reasons for the development of the tourism economy in Japan.

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Tackling climate change is a clear topic for agricultural development. Agriculture in Bangladesh has also been affected to some extent by climate change. In this paper, the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator model was used to optimize the sowing date of mungbean for future climate change in south-central Bangladesh. This paper focuses on the effects of rainfall and temperature during sowing time on the seed yield of mungbean. The results show that: under the existing weather conditions, the best sowing time for mungbean is from March 15 to March 25; under future climate change, the best sowing date for mungbean may be advanced to March 10.

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Water is an essential component in vegetable cultivation. Traditional methods of vegetable planting often result in significant water resource wastage. The implementation of wick irrigation technology offers a solution to reduce water consumption in vegetable crops, increase yield, and significantly enhance the economic benefits of vegetable cultivation. This study examines the application and effectiveness of wick irrigation technology in cultivating towel gourd and balsam pear. The research was conducted at the experimental field of Sindh Agricultural University. The findings reveal that: (1) compared to traditional irrigation techniques, water-saving effects are significantly improved, with towel gourd experiencing a 90.10% increase and balsam pear a 92.50% increase; (2) crop yield also seeing a notable increase, with towel gourd yielding 9,100 kg/ha and balsam pear yielding 10,400 kg/ha. These results highlight wick irrigation technology as an effective approach to conserving water and revolutionizing vegetable cultivation practices. However, it is important to consider variations in water-saving effects due to different crops and soil textures.

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Grassland, the Earth’s second-largest vegetative cover on land after forests, is crucial in supporting animal husbandry and contributes significantly to biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and sustainable human development. The increasing impact of climate change and human activities on grassland ecosystems has become a subject of great concern due to the potential degradation they face. In a recent scientific study by Allah (2023), the research progress on grassland ecosystems in China has been summarized from five key perspectives: vegetation, soil, hydrology, climate, and soil animals.

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ChatGPT has demonstrated remarkable creativity in reshaping our understanding of “intelligence” and has brought about profound transformations in contemporary society. However, if higher education institutions adopt a blanket prohibition approach, it may result in the incomplete development of professional skills among future professionals. Despite the emergence of ChatGPT raising concerns about the authority of teaching, disrupting the traditional teaching landscape, and creating a crisis of trust in creativity, its potential as a versatile educational resource lies in its ability to break down the barriers of disciplinary specialization, ignite a “classroom revolution”, facilitate transformative knowledge dissemination, dismantle information silos, and expedite knowledge production. Therefore, higher education must leverage the transformative capabilities of artificial intelligence to diversify teaching objectives, polarize teaching content, introduce intelligent teaching processes, embrace diverse approaches to evaluating student performance, and foster collaborative knowledge production to effectively navigate the era of ChatGPT.

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Shale oil is globally recognized as a valuable alternative resource, and the Jiyang Depression has garnered attention for its potential shale oil reserves. However, the heterogeneity of the shale reservoirs in this region, primarily comprising continental shale oil, poses challenges for exploration and development. In a recent study by Ma et al. (2023) published in “Advances in Resources Research”, they extensively analyze four key aspects of shale oil research in the Jiyang Depression: hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, storage characteristics, and mobility. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for effective exploration and development in the region.

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The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has had a profound impact on the publishing industry. The positive influence of AI in this domain is manifested in the following five key areas. Firstly, AI facilitates automatic intelligent creation, significantly enhancing production efficiency and the quantity of published content. Secondly, AI plays a crucial role in the analysis of published content. Thirdly, AI enables the personalized production of publishing content. Fourthly, AI leverages its analytical ability to capture real-time and real changes in consumer information through big data analysis. Lastly, AI can potentially become a consumer in the publishing market through autonomous learning. However, while AI technology has yielded positive outcomes in publishing, it also presents potential challenges and problems. Therefore, the publishing industry should actively embrace AI while recognizing associated risks and limitations. Developing corresponding strategies and measures to address these issues is crucial for enhancing overall competitiveness and sustainable development within the industry.

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Effective detection of rice diseases is an important subject to improve the yield and quality of rice. Convolution neural network (CNN) is widely used in plant disease detection, but a large number of training samples are needed to build the model. In this paper, a biphasic method based on CNN is proposed, which can simplify training samples. This method takes into account a variety of rice diseases and a prediction accuracy of 88.9%. Using this method can effectively establish a rice disease dataset, accurate detection, and disease classification. There are three novelties in this paper: (1) a dual-phase approach capable of learning from a small rice grain disease dataset has been proposed; (2) a smart segmentation procedure has been proposed which is capable of handling heterogeneous backgrounds prevalent in plant disease image datasets collected in real-life scenarios; (3) experimental comparison has been provided with straightforward use of improved CNN architectures on the small rice grain dataset to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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Quinoa is a kind of natural food resource with high nutritional value. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations officially recommended quinoa as the most perfect fully nutritious food for human beings. The growth of quinoa is related to local climatic conditions, soil, and so on. The particularity of quinoa determines that its growth environment is different from other food crops. In semi-arid Zimbabwe, the growth of quinoa has been restricted by the environment. Quinoa planting has been proven to be related to soil type and irrigation frequency. This paper used a fully randomized design to analyze the effects of soil types and irrigation frequency on the germination and early growth of quinoa. The best scheme without soil type and irrigation frequency was obtained by measuring the days of emergence, germination percentage, mean germination time, germination rate index, the coefficient velocity of germination, seedling height, final crop stand, and root density. This paper aims to provide a reference for further research and development of quinoa.

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In agricultural production, the effective use of water resources is very important to improve agricultural production efficiency and sustainable development. To achieve the goal of water saving, the research and application of water-saving technology have become very important. As a fine water-saving irrigation technology, wick irrigation technology is also known as drip irrigation, micro-irrigation, or drip irrigation, which is of great significance to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources. In this paper, the wick irrigation technology is briefly introduced, and its application value in agricultural production is discussed.

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The intelligent language model, ChatGPT, brings forth a multitude of opportunities and challenges. As a powerful tool for intelligent interaction, ChatGPT demonstrates the vast potential for application in various fields. Firstly, it offers opportunities for innovative and intelligent interactions. Secondly, ChatGPT presents prospects for enriching educational resources. Moreover, it contributes to the advancement of society through innovative applications. However, alongside these opportunities, ChatGPT also encounters certain challenges. Foremost is the issue of credibility, as the model has the potential to introduce biases or misinformation that may undermine users' trust in the results. Additionally, the challenge of responsibility arises, where the delineation of responsibilities among designers, developers, and users remains unclear. Furthermore, privacy and security concerns necessitate careful attention to ensure the comprehensive protection of users' data and information. By effectively navigating these challenges, ChatGPT can fully leverage its potential and foster a new era of intelligent interaction that brings about positive and transformative impacts.

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People can enjoy a more natural interaction with AI and leverage it for information sharing and problem-solving. With the advancement of AI technology and the utilization of ChatGPT, we are progressing toward unlocking new possibilities and fostering creative applications. This paper, titled “The industrial revolution brought by AI: Opening the Gateway to the Future”, delves into the significant impact of AI on contemporary industries.

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Faba bean is a leguminous crop cultivated for both grain and vegetable production. The impact of soil tillage on faba bean growth conditions can significantly influence its productivity and quality. However, the effects of no-tillage or reduced tillage practices on faba beans have not been extensively studied. In this research, the farming conditions of faba beans were examined to investigate the aforementioned aspects. The findings revealed that meteorological conditions during the growing seasons had a more pronounced influence on faba bean development compared to different tillage methods. Notably, soil chiseling exhibited superior faba bean canopy development rates when compared to other treatments. Additionally, faba bean roots displayed relatively enhanced growth in untilled plots. Moreover, vegetative conditions exhibited a significant impact on various indicators of faba bean development. The effects of vegetative conditions throughout the four-year experimental period were notably distinct from one another. These results highlight the unique and evolving nature of each vegetative season, necessitating careful attention and management practices due to the rapid changes resulting from climate change.

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Horizontal well water flooding technology has been widely used and recognized in oilfield development. Horizontal well water flooding technology has significant advantages in improving oil recovery, improving production efficiency, and reducing production costs, and it plays an essential role in the development of oil and gas resources and the sustainable development of the energy industry. This paper aims to briefly introduce the technical points of water flooding in horizontal wells.

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This article explores how important human abilities such as listening, dialogue, negotiation, and persuasion are in the age of artificial intelligence (AI). First, we discuss how these abilities work in different contexts, focusing on the sensitive understanding of listening, the flexibility of dialogue, the compromise of negotiating power, and the emotional interaction of persuasion. It then highlights the importance of these capabilities in working with AI, including problem-solving, data interpretation, digital literacy, critical thinking, and creativity. In particular, listening is positioned as a fundamental ability, and it discusses the importance of respect and building trust, as well as its relationship to dialogue, negotiation, and persuasion. Ultimately, he points out that the holistic operation of these capabilities enables humans to create high value in collaboration with AI, and raises questions about the comprehensive capabilities required in the age of AI.

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As an important branch of human geography, tourism geography focuses on the spatial, geographical, cultural, and social issues related to tourism activities. Its core is to explore the influence of tourism on the geographical environment, social structure, and cultural interaction. In addition, tourism geography also conducts an in-depth study of the spatial distribution of tourism activities, the selection mechanism of tourism destinations, tourism flow patterns, and the impact of tourism on the regional economy and environment. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively summarize the research progress and significance of tourism geography and to explore its application in the analysis of tourism phenomena and sustainable development. By combing the core concepts and methods of tourism geography, a deeper understanding can be gained of the impact of tourism activities on regions and how to achieve sustainable tourism development.

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Silage corn, a high-quality feed, is produced through the process of cutting and fermenting corn plants during the growing season. This feed option plays a crucial role in animal husbandry, particularly during periods of seasonal feed shortages. The production of silage corn involves several key steps: harvesting, cutting, filling, fermentation, and storage, all of which effectively preserve the nutritional value of corn. Silage corn offers a wealth of benefits for livestock, enhancing their digestive performance, ensuring a balanced diet, and ultimately promoting both their health and production. Moreover, in the context of agroecosystems, silage corn contributes to organic matter, supports circular agricultural systems, safeguards soil health, and encourages ecological diversity. Looking ahead, silage corn is expected to play a pivotal role in increasing food production efficiency, advancing the sustainable development of farmland, minimizing resource wastage, reducing carbon footprints, bolstering rural economies, addressing climate change, and fostering innovation in agricultural technology.

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Agricultural development is crucial for the sustainability of nations, and rice intercropping, where rice and other crops are grown together, is gaining attention. This paper explores the impact and benefits of rice intercropping. It enhances land use efficiency, reduces reliance on fertilizers and pesticides, diversifies agricultural products, improves soil quality, and promotes sustainability. Research shows that rice intercropping increases grain production, helps alleviate rural poverty, ensures food security, and reduces carbon emissions, aiding in climate change mitigation.

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This article provides an overview of the relationship between paleogeography and resources. Firstly, it reviews the fundamental concepts of paleogeography, including its definition, scope, and the methods and tools employed in resource research. Subsequently, it delves into the definition and categorization of various resource types, as well as the processes involved in resource formation and evolution. Following that, the article extensively examines how paleogeographic conditions influence resource distribution and the interplay between geological, climatic, and topographical factors and resource distribution. Lastly, the article addresses the current challenges and opportunities facing research on the relationship between paleogeography and resources and explores the impact of emerging technologies in this field. Additionally, it outlines potential directions and trends for future research in paleogeography and resources. The primary objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive perspective on the connection between paleogeography and resources, facilitating a deeper understanding of ancient geographical environments.

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Grazing in grassland ecosystems has substantial ecological repercussions. Overgrazing impedes vegetation growth and can result in its decline, leading to alterations in plant community composition and soil compaction, thereby elevating the risks of water and nutrient loss. Furthermore, livestock excrement impacts soil nutrient cycling, potentially contributing to soil erosion and degradation. Grazing also exerts an influence on grassland biodiversity. Ensuring the vitality of grasslands necessitates responsible grazing management. This encompasses regulating grazing intensity, adopting rotational grazing practices, and implementing effective grassland rotation methods. Ongoing monitoring and educational efforts are indispensable. Rotational grazing entails the division of grazing areas, seasonal animal rotation, and designated rest periods, all of which foster vegetation growth, soil health, and ecological stability. Mixed grazing, featuring different livestock species, can enhance operational efficiency and ecological benefits. The success of mixed grazing hinges on considerations of compatibility, dietary requirements, and vigilant monitoring.

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The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has had a profound impact on the world of work. This paper delves into how the advancement of AI has brought about significant changes in the traditional labor market. AI has substantially boosted productivity by automating routine and repetitive tasks, leading to increased efficiency and cost savings for businesses and organizations. However, this progress in AI is reshaping specific professions and industries, resulting in job displacement. The paper emphasizes that AI is not merely supplanting human roles but also generating a demand for new occupations and skill sets. With the integration of AI, humans can redirect their efforts toward tasks that necessitate creativity, problem-solving, communication, and collaboration, areas where AI still struggles. The emergence of fresh job roles and expertise is inevitable, and individuals must adapt and respond to the evolving labor market through skill enhancement and continuous learning. The paper explores the repercussions of labor market transformations driven by AI evolution on both individuals and organizations and offers strategies for thriving in the future labor market. By concentrating on the synergy between AI and humans, we provide insights into a future where technology and the workforce coexist harmoniously.

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As artificial intelligence technologies continue to advance, natural language processing models like ChatGPT are emerging in the field of education, presenting a myriad of challenges and opportunities. The introduction of these technologies undeniably transforms traditional teaching methods, offering new possibilities for both students and educators. However, this transformation comes with a set of issues that require careful consideration and resolution. This article explores the challenges and opportunities that ChatGPT brings to education.

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