Since even the paralysis caused by the mechanical spinal lesion has been included therein, the concept of myelitis is thought to contain various spinal disturbances of multiple etiologies. Besides the metabolic and nutritional conditions, etiology has already been clarified in poliomyelitis, epidemic encephalitis, cerebral or spinal syphilis as well as in encephalomyelitis following epidemic or tuberculous meningitis, vaccination and various infections, and in ascending myelitis by peripheral neuritis. Most of encephalomyelitis, however, remains yet of unknown etiology. They have usually diverse manifestations. Most of them show the symptoms of transverse myelitis, while some show those of disseminated encephalomyelitis and some complicate optic neuritis, resembling multiple sclerosis or Devic disease. Though discussions have been repeated concerning the problem that they should belong to a clinical entity or not, the inclusive term of " non-specific encephalomyelitis " seems to be given to these, diseases of quite unknown etiology. Recently not few patients were reported in Japan, who had been noticed diarrhea or other gastrointestinal symptoms in their prodromal stage and then followed by the myelopathy or encephalomyelopathy. Here, it will be the aim of this symposium to answer the question whether they could be thought to be a independent disease entity or not.
First of all, the chairman thought, that it would be important to make inquiries, as to the epidemiology of this disorder in all parts of Japan. Besides our own 371 patients containing 15 autopsied cases, 452 patients containing 9 autopsied were collected through enquête by the speakers and discussers, from the medical school hospitals and other main hospitals of all over Japan.

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A peculiar syndrome of transverse myelopathy associated with abdominal symptoms has recently been recognized to occur in several parts of Japan. The etiology remains unknown. A question arises, however, whether or not the disease constitutes a distinctive clinicopathological entity, since it is well documented that a variety of neurological disorders may be accompanied by acute abdominal conditions. The purpose of the present report is to describe the prominent clinical and pathological features of this syndrome which may well be differentiated from the known neurological diseases.

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This report is to present the data of the survey of epidemiologic situation of unspecific encephalomyelopathy in Tokai, Hokuriku and Shinetsu areas during the period from January 1959 to the end of 1963 including the autopsy data of 3 cases.

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Since 1961 the authors have experienced a total of 21 cases with "non-specific" myelitis associated with prodromal diarrhea. This paper is intended to present its epidemiological and clinical aspects in comparison with a control group which is composed of the patients with acute or subacute non-specific encephalomyelitis and histopathological results on the patients of the former group. The authors will discuss to the effect that this disease could be differentiated from other forms of myelitis.

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Recently several patients were reported in Japan, who had been noticed diarrhea or other gastrointestinal symptoms in their prodromal stage and then followed by the signs resembling myelopathy or encephalomyelopathy. It remains still unknown whether they might be any of acute myelitis, neuromyelitis optica, multiple sclerosis, funicular myelosis and myeloradiculoneuritis in old criteria, or not.
Since 1959, 22 cases of such disorder have been experienced also in our clinic. Clinicals and epidemiology of these instances will be presented here, including the same disorder observed in Osaka, Nara and Wakayama Prefecture known by enquête.

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