Cryptococcosis is a subacute or chronic infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, which may involve any organ of the body but which has a marked predilection for brain and meninges. Many cases of cryptococcosis have already been Teported^1)-11), however most of them were those of the central nervous system in which little information, except for several reports, is available on hepatic damage due to C. neoformans.
It is the purpose of this paper to report the clinical features and pathological findings of a case of granulomatous hepatitis in which jaundice was most likely caused by intrahepatic cryptococcal infestation superimposed upon serum hepatitis.

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Until recently, not enough attention has been payed to renal circulation because its disturbances seldom threaten a life immediately in comparison with those of cerebral or coronary circulation. However, modern development in the field of renal physiology especially on the mechanism of autoregulation of renal circulation and on the medullary function based on counter-current theory has increasingly forced us to be interested in renal, especially intrarenal circulation.
In addition, it is well recognized clinically that the vascular lesions of the kidney are observed not only in the diseases of the kidney itself, but also in all kinds of hypertensive disease and in those which cause generalized vascular lesions, such as collagen disease or diabetes mellitus. It has also been known that functional or organic disorders of the renal vasculature may actively contribute to the progression of renal diseases.
In this report, I would like to make comments on renal circulation from the standpoint of morphology, physiology and pathophysiology.

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The authors presented the serum haptoglobin, a hereditary glycoprotein in the α₂ globulin fraction, as an example of a polymorphic system where different types react differently when subjected to unusual conditions. Naito, our collaborator, conducted an experiment in which various amounts of hemoglobin were administered intravascularly to young men of three different haptoglobin types, and demonstrated that when administration of an excess amount of hemolysate was given the patterns of production and clearance of Hb-Hp complex in individuals of Hp 2-2 were significantly different from those in individuals of Hp 2-1 or 1-1 (Naito, 1968). Such delicate individual differences in the gene-environment interaction have been more fundamentally demonstrated in normal and abnormal hemoglobins.
The principal material in the subsequent discussion is 21 kindreds with structural and synthetic abnormalities of the hemoglobin involving the α, β, γ and δ polypeptide chains, which have been studied by the First Department of Medicine, Kyushu University, since 1960. Among 18 structural abnormalities, 8 are hitherto undescribed ones.

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Among adult disease which are considered to have hereditary back grounds, the hereditary pattern of essential hypertension and malignant tumor are discussed in this paper.

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