Device simulation of polycrystalline-silicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) was carried out with trap states at front and back oxide interfaces. First, the trap densities at the front oxide interface (Dfr) and at the back oxide interface (Dbk) were extracted from actual transistor characteristics. Next, the dependence of transistor characteristics on the Dfr and Dbk was then analyzed Using a 2-D device simulator by varying the Dfr and Dbk from the standard Dfr and Dbk. It was found that both the Dfr and Dbk influenced the subthreshold swing and threshold voltage. However, neither the Dfr nor Dbk had much influence on transistor mobility. It was necessary to simultaneously reduce both the Dfr and Dbk to product excellent poly-Si TFTs.

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We have developed a system for measuring moving picture response time (MPRT), which is designed to provide an index of image quality of moving pictures displayed on LCDs. the system uses a new analysis method to provide accurate and reliable MPRT values. the originality is in the way. We obtain a factor for converting from CCD camera pixel number to moving picture response time scale. The developed system should be a useful tool for standardizing MPRT as a quality analysis method.

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We developed a direct applied filter system (DAFS). In the system, we attached an optical filter called a DAFS filter directly on the plasma panel. DAFS could solve problems in a Plasma Panel, such as blurry double images, heaviness, and thickness with a conventional filter system. We applied an impact absorption sheet to the filter to protect the fragile glass of the panel. We then achieved high impact absorption of 0.5 J by applying an impact absorption sheet consisting of a hard and soft layer with a total thickness of 1.4 mm.

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“KUMANBA!, ” a TV animation that started to air from April 2001, was one of the earliest TV programs that was fully made using web animation software (Macromedia Flash). The creators of this animation were web designers, and they created everything online, from script writing to previewing. In addition, by uploading these contents onto a web server, they implemented a Video-On-Demand system on the web at the same time. We discuss the methodology of this animation, and predicted new markets for a Video-On-Demand Service based on web animation technology, which could even be available for PDAs or cellular phones.

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When we observed high density directional images, eye accommodation was focused on 3D images^{1) 2)} . There might be anisotropic accommodation responses in observing the edge being inclined to a direction in them, when we put them horizontally. We measured subjects' accommodation responses when they observed it. They observed targets under three conditions (high density directional images IHDI, stereo images {SI}, and real targets {RT}). the target was a checker which was set at five distances (400 mm, 500 mm, 600 mm, 700 mm and 800 mmfrom the subject's eyes) and was inclined at four angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°), of which 0° was defined as the vertical edge. in the case of 0°, accommodation responses under condition HD were similar to those under condition RT. As the target edge was inclined to the horizontal, accommodation responses under condition HDapproached those under condition SI. Accommodation distance under the HD condition was not farther from the target than under the SI condition. These results indicated that there was anisotropy in accommodation responses in observing high density directional images.

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Recently, because the high-speed network system known as broadband internet has become widespread, it is now possible to transmit various forms of multimedia data using this system. We found several research reports for the transmitting visual images in the network streaming process. However, there seemed to be few reports on transmission of holographic 3D movies. We present a transmitting process of holographic 3D movies adopting network-streaming techniques and a hologram in which 3D objects were recorded as fringe patterns. When we applied this method, we could achieve excellent transmission of holographic 3D movies.Moreover, we could reconstruct good holographic images using transmitted streaming data. From this result, it seemed possible to develop new transmitting processes of 3D moving data using well-known conventional techniques.

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We investigated the required screen size and pixel density for portable LCD televisions for viewing a moving picture at 30 cm. Twenty-five subjects adjusted the size of the movie player window on LCD screens with various pixel densities. The results indicated that the optimal screen size was about four inches in diagonal when the pixel density of the screen was more than 170 ppi. The smallest acceptable size for viewing a moving picture was about 2 inches in diagonal. A three-inch diagonal satisfied 85 % of the subjects.

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A voltage controlled four thin-film transistor (TFT) pixel circuit for an amorphous-silicon (a-Si) active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AM-OLED) display was designed, simulated, and evaluated. Because deviation and aging of the properties of the drive TFT was the cause of image sticking and degradation of the image quality, these had to be compensated for. We propose a new and suitable circuit for an a-Si AM-OLED display. This circuit was composed of four TFTs and one storage capacitor, and had four stages : Preparation, Programing threshold voltage (VT), Writing data, and Emission.

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A display system requiring no special glasses is useful for 3D images. The parallax barrier display system has superior characteristics, such as having a planar screen and a thin panel. However, a conventional multi-view parallax barrier display system has disadvantages such as having images with divided horizontal resolution. We described a newly developed four-view display with a parallax polarizer barrier. This 3D display could avoid problems of conventional systems and viewing positions of parallax images could be arbitrarily arranged.

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We described various properties of a Horizon View Camera (HVC), which is a unique optical system composed of a camera and a mirror. The HVC makes it possible to direct the optical axis of the camera to the horizon using the mirror. The upper part of the image was the reflected image in the mirror. This image included only objects on the ground a part from the ground itself. Another low part is the direct image in front of the HVC. These were obtained by the HVC at the same time. The HVC, therefore, has unique properties for detecting objects, and ground region extraction was easy. We described the HVC's structure and properties, and detected objects using these properties. In the experiments, we confirmed that detecting objects using the HVC was easy and effective.

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We propose an automatic camera pan control method for broadcasting ball games by tracking the direction of the audience's faces. It provides more robustness against occlusions than previous approaches. Our method consists of two sensors (face and court) and an integrating component. The face sensor focuses on the point of audience's interest in fast-moving scenes by tracking face direction. The court sensor estimates the center of play in slow-moving scenes by detecting moving objects. After integrating these points, we get a broadcasting video using digital camerawork. Objective and subjective evaluation showed that our approach was better than previous ones in respect of stable tracking and ease of watching. We conclude that our method is as effective as the optimum camerawork.

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We proposed a new image retrieval algorithm with partial indexing capability, which emphasized the local features of images by combining the salient points in a wavelet domain. These points representing sharp parts of images such as edges were detected. Then using a spatial orientation tree structure, they were combined into the Low-Low (LL) frequency subband to emphasize the local properties of the image. The wavelet coefficients in the modified LL subband and their color moments were then saved as image feature vectors, which both preserved the necessary image content and yet had enough discriminating power for image retrieval. The experimental results demonstrated that our image retrieval algorithm significantly improved retrieval accuracy, computational cost, and storage space of feature vectors in a general image database, and that partial retrieval performed much better in retrieval accuracy and robustness.

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We proposed high accuracy JPEG coding by including fractal image coding. JPEG coding is a commonly used standard method of accurately compressing images. However, in its decoded images, quantization errors occur especially in the region of high frequencies, such as object edges. Our method solved this problem by adding the obtained codes by fractal image coding to improve image quality in high frequency regions. Thus, our method achieved higher coding-performance than the traditional JPEG coding.

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We proposed an empirical model to reproduce object gloss. This model was obtained by analyzing on observer rating experiment and surface reflectance characteristics of the object based on Phong's light reflection model. We showed that our model significantly reproduced gloss using display devices with different dynamic ranges. In modeling gloss, we introduced a method to estimate the relative radiance of the display by rating the gray chart experiment without any measurement devices. We also proposed a prototype that could be used as an online shopping system.

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