After the World War Ⅱ, the national land policy of Japan has been planned only for the purpose of economic growth. Therefore, the coastal zone in Japan has been mainly used for the economic purpose and no environmental policy has been planned for the area. Because of that, Japan has had heavy environmental problems in such area since 1960's .

In this paper, considering the importance of the characteristics and the environment of the coastal zone, I compared the change of the national land policy and the environmental policy of Japan and the area of Osaka-bay which is typical of the highly developed coastal zone. Then it is suggested problems in the environmental policies and the coastal plans for sustainable development of the highly developed coastal zone.

The world population reaches 6 billion and is growing continuously. It is predicted to continue high growth of the world population reaching to 8 billion and 6 billion people will be settled on the coastal zone in the year 2025. The Coastal zone where source of variety of species, has currently arisen many kinds of issues. In the near future, we will be faced tremendous symbiotic conflict s between human activities and ecosystems around the world.

In the coastal zone of Osaka Bay, it has arisen many problems originated from population growth and human activities as shown in the its history . Based on the lessons from the history, some leading projects have been proceeded to solve those problems. We need to improve those leading projects in the coastal zone of Osaka Bay emphasizing standpoints from the sea and to propose the future symbiotic model of coastal zone. That will lead the model of ecologic al development in the coastal zone around world.

In the Southern part of Sumoto-City named Yura-Oishi Research Village holds important position of the coastal zone of Osaka Bay. It still remains wealthy ecosystems of the sea and the land, and local people 's living culture/custom harmonizing with ecosystem. Therefore, Yura-Oishi Research Village must be the real area for discus sing the ecological development of the coastal zone.

Here in Yura-Oishi Research Village, people of the wisdom and information assemble from the world to promote the discussions for the future prospect of the coastal zone. And they announced Yura-Oishi Declaration; For the Ecological Development of the Coastal Zone.

The coastal zone is a complex natural system consisting of a marine and a terrestrial environment. It is used excessively by a variety of coastal users because of its important resources. This study attempts to analyze the utilization characteristics of the coastal zone to formulate a structural model for the coastal zone management. The results show that the utilizations can be classified into three key categories, namely, industrial and nonindustrial use, by local residents and non-local residents, in limited numbers and large anonymous groups. These user groups conflict with each other. In order to describe the relationships between utilization, environmental protection and management, the author proposes a triangular pyramidal model consisting of three apexes representing, industrial use, non-industrial use, and environmental protection with a pinnacle representing the management. An effective coastal zone management will strive to keep the balance between these three apexes. Based on this model, the need for a dual structure management, large and small area management of the coastal zone is inferred

Because of the economic growth, container cargo movements are increasing rapidly in the Asian region. Therefore, the amount of container cargo loaded and discharged in the port are increasing rapidly too, and each Asian countries are making plans of container port improvement respectively. The service level of port improvement affects the carrier' s selection of a calling port and the shipper's port selection. The port improvement plans which are not fully taking the behavior of carrier s and shippers into consideration may not succeed because the number of calling vessels and container cargo handlings do not correspond to the improvement level of the port. In order to examine a suitable port improvement plan, the behavior model of carriers and shippers on condition of the service level of a port is required.

In this paper, it is aimed at the container liner transportation in Asia region not fully examined until now. The behavior model of carriers and shippers is created with consideration to the operation route by grasping the operation characteristic of vessels in the region.

Tokyo Port is a metropolitan port located in the innermost part of Tokyo Bay, an enclosed coastal sea. Reclamation and development projects promoting socioeconomic activities in the shallow coastal zone has destroyed a large part of the traditional habitats such as tidelands and shoals. In addition, excessive pollutants from the inland flow into the sea. With this context, strategy and technologies are sleeked to promote the co-living of nature, and human beings. This is currently being studied in various environmental groups, and efforts are being made to recover lost nature. These studies aim to systematize, from an engineering point of view, the philosophy of co-living and evaluate method for creating the bottom environment in Tokyo Port. The environmental creation of Tokyo Port is possible to realize in the future. The trial cost is the proper value for the countermeasure.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the coastal landscape in Pusan and propose landscape analysis model for effective coastal landscape planning and management. In order to achieve this purpose, the coastal area of Pusan has been divided into 10 landscape sections and 20 slides per section have been taken carefully. And then 5 representative slides among 20 slides in each section have been selected and they have been evaluated by volunteer subjects through SD analysis method.

To specify the main results of this study, first of all there are some differences in their evaluation of the same coastal landscape between subjects from inland city and subjects from coastal city. Secondly, on the basis of the judgements of subjects on coastal landscape slides regression(equation) models describing the contribution of 15 important coastal landscape elements to 6 scenic quality factors are extracted.

A new objective technique is developed for the selection of suitable site with intention to create new seaweed bed in relation with the construction of ecologically haｒｍonized maritime facilities like "eco-port project". Selection is made for the species prospective to create a seaweed bed basing on the existing data on species of adjacent district. Distribution scheme of these species in relation with depth and exposure to wave is made by preliminary survey near the project location. Tolerance levels of death and grow出on principal growth limiting factors, such as light intensity, COD level, salinity and water movement, for each species are determined from the results of published papers and experiments.

Possibility of favorite growth of the candidate species is obtained at each I 00 meters square mesh in a port area. Validity of the growth criteria is tested in a way to compare present distribution of the species in the port and estimated. distribution of favorite growth mesh. Predicted region to establish the seaweed bed for a future port plan is illustrated on the map, considering the planning configuration of the area and simulated environmental changes.

Tatara beach is a part of the coast line of lmari port in Saga. It is the famous place where hundreds of horseshoe crabs come to spawn every year. There is a bridge being built just outside Tatara beach, connecting the Seto district and the Kubara district. The construction of this bridge has raised concerns over the possible direct and indirect impact on the lifecycles and behavioral patterns of the horseshoe crabs. We assumed that the dredging of the sea would directly effect the migration of horseshoe crabs spawning in this area, so we conducted a survey on the number of horseshoe crabs at all dredging site. These crabs were released back into the sea after the survey. The construction schedule was also arranged to decrease the impact on spawning. As for the indirect impact, it was assumed that the dredged-up sea bed would hamper the mobility of the horseshoe crabs. To examine this, we attempted investigations, which consisted of tagging and tracking horseshoe crabs by supersonic wave transmitters, estimating state of horseshoe crabs by gill net capture.

Development of oil and natural gas deposits are currently under way at the northeastern coast of Sakhalin. In the early stage of this project, it is planed to transport crude oil by tanker. Should an oil spill accident occur during the development of this project, it could be expected to affect the environment and economy of the Hokkaido's Okhotsk Sea coast.

This paper aim to estimate the amount of economical damage caused by the oil spill which occur at the Soya Straits. The simulation of oil spreading and drifting with the scenario of oil spill from the tanker at the Soya Straits was conducted. Based on this simulation, it is pointed out that the northwestern coast and northeastern coast of Hokkaido could be polluted by crude oil spill, in case of the wind condition. And economical impacts for fisheries and the cost of oil combating were estimated.

Recently, the development of coastal zone has been advancing, and the chance of human activity has increased near the sea. On the other hand, destruction of ozone layer has resulted in an increase in the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth surface. The human body is harmfully influenced as skin cancer and eye damage by ultraviolet radiation. Especially, the effect of ultraviolet radiation on beach is higher than that inl and area due to the reflection from the sand surface. This report shows measurement method of ultraviolet reflectance on sand surface using remote sensing. From the measurement results, UV -B reflectance are on sand from 3% to 8% and UV -A reflectance are 4% to 9 %

In this study, the characteristics of the parameters (r_m for pressure analysis, C ₁, C ₂ and for wind analysis) used in a typhoon model for storm surge analysis are evaluated. Construction of typhoon model is also studied in view of agreement of pressure and wind distribution in the analysis region.

The influence of these parameters on the computed pressure and wind are demonstrated by sensitivity analysis. It is revealed that r_m and C ₂ are important parameters for typhoon model, but C ₁ and β have no effect on the analysis of wind when the typhoon is still far away. Next, the unsteady values of these parameters are computed using the field data around Ise Bay. From these results, it is found that the parameter r_m increases and the parameter C ₂ decreases as the typhoon approaches the land. However, the characteristics of C ₁ and β could not be evaluated. Water surface levels obtained by storm surge analysis using the computed unsteady values of the parameters correspond with the observed values better than the water surface level obtained by usual analysis model.

Yura-Oishi Research Village area occupies an area of 5,000ha from Yura to Kaminada and surrounding sea and land in the Southern part of Sumoto City, where local residents have been passing down life-style and culture/customs of deeply related to the sea and the mountains. They still keep desirable relationship with nature and precious cultural resources in this area concerning way of fishing, recrational style and so on. And this area has diverse aspects in natural environments; thus, we can observe the diversity of natural configuration and species. Yura-Oishi Research Village has special distinction that is eco-region included coastal sea and coastal land. Yura-Oishi Research Village is purpuse of being a 21st century model, by the collaboration with local residents, local government and academic researchers, that put some plan into practice which are environment research, exchange, environmental education/study, environment management systems development and Eco industries development.

In the recent years, demand for utilization of coastal zone as an open space amenity area has risen sharply, and the zone now serves as host to a wide variety of leisure and recreational activities. On the other hand, destruction of the earth's ozone layer by flon gas, now considered a major global environmental problem, has resulted in an increase in the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface. The effects of ultraviolet radiation are greater in the coastal zone than in the inland areas, due to reflection of sunlight of sand and sea surface. These effects may be linked to erythema, melanizetion, photokerato-conjunctiva. This calculation shows the amount of ultraviolet radiation for coastal buildings.