巻号一覧
25 巻 (1992)
- 6 号 p. 639-
- 5 号 p. 469-
- 4 号 p. 361-
- 3 号 p. 237-
- 2 号 p. 117-
- 1 号 p. 1-
25 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
Original Papers
-
Masashi Momonaga, Hisatoyo Yazawa, Koji Kagara1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 237-242
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーMethyl α-methoxyimino acetoacetate, an intermediate of cephalosporin antibiotics, was produced through chemical reaction and crystallization. Because the crystal purity was influenced remarkably by both the chemical reaction and crystallization rates, high-purity crystals were obtained only by the optimum combination of the two rates. The effect of agitation on the chemical reaction rate and crystal quality was studied by consideration of mechanisms in reactive crystallization processes. It was confirmed that the Z factor, showing power consumption ratio of agitation, can be used to estimate crystal purity, yield, size distribution and scale-up effect for this reactive crystallization system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1110K) -
Yum Rak Oh, O Ok Park1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 243-250
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe objective of this study is to confirm Doi’s molecular theory of the solution of rigid rodlike polymers by analyzing experimentally the transient flow birefringence of collagen solutions. Phase-modulated flow birefringence measurements were performed in the transient flow condition to obtain birefringence and orientation angle of sample simultaneously in a single experimental run.
Following the cessation of simple shear flow, relaxation of birefringences was recorded to show two distinct relaxation times due to the molecular weight distribution of calf skin collagen, which turns out to be bimodal. Initial rapid drop corresponds to the relaxation of a short chain (monomer) as well as a long chains (dimer), but slow decay follows due to relaxation of long chains only.
For a bimodal system consisting of monomer and dimer, such as calf skin collagen, not only the mole fraction but also the rotational diffusivity can be determined experimentally from the relaxation of birefringence. Rotational diffusivity decreases rapidly with concentration increase around C = 0.94mg/ml, as expected. But the semidilute regime starts at a rather large value of cL3 owing to the flexibility of polymers chains, which can be resolved by using the effective length proposed by Doi.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (953K) -
Tetsuo Fuchino, Masaaki Muraki, Toyohiko Hayakawa1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 250-256
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーScheduling becomes important for multipurpose batch plants from the point of their productivity, though it is very complicated since the making of a globally optimal schedule for such a plant requires that the operation sequences in all the equipment modules must be optimized simultaneously with consideration of the holding time and the clean-up time. Furthermore, these sequences interact with each other.
In this study, an Integer Programming model (IP-model) for the globally optimal schedule of multipurpose batch plants for given equipment module sequences of each product is developed. To formulate this model, the necessary constraints for optimization are considered and the variables to be introduced for describing them are examined. Moreover, these constraints are linearized by introducing integer variables and the sufficient large number for setting the boundaries to their nonlinear terms. The effectiveness of the proposed IP-model is illustrated by solving example scheduling problems.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (895K) -
Teruyuki Masawaki, Takahisa Ohno, Masahito Taya, Setsuji Tone1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 257-262
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPervaporation of butanol-oleyl alcohol mixture through a poly(dimethylsiloxane) hollow-fiber membrane was carried out at various temperatures, pressures on the permeate side and concentrations of butanol in the feed solution. The butanol flux increased with increasing temperature and with increasing concentration of butanol in the feed solution. The butanol flux was analyzed by the solution-diffusion model modified with a term for the swelling effect of butanol on the membrane. The oleyl alcohol flux was irrelevant to the change in temperature and pressure on the permeate side, and could be explained by the solution-diffusion model.
The separation factors of butanol ranged from 19 to 270 below 2.5 × 103 mol·m–3 of butanol concentration in the feed solution in the range of 323–353 K. The separation factor increased with increasing temperature and concentration of butanol in the feed solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (762K) -
Ming-Jer Lee, Ming-Der Lin1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 263-269
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe validity of the Patel-Teja equation of state was investigated for solid/supercritical fluid equilibrium systems. It was indicated that the binary interaction parameter ka12 depends strongly on temperature and pressure, and can be correlated well with mixture density of the vapor phase within the temperature range of interest. A similar relationship still remains between ka12 and solvent density. As a first approximation, linear solvent-density dependent ka12 function was used for the solubility calculation. This treatment yields a substantial improvement. The cross parameter was then generalized reasonably well by a linear solvent-density function for binary systems containing a specific solid component. Moreover, it was shown that the solid/supercritical fluid equilibrium data can be correlated by using a quadratic solvent-density dependent ka12 function with a grand AAD lower than 10%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (805K) -
Hiroshi Nabetani, Mitsutoshi Nakajima, Atsuo Watanabe, Shin-ichi Ikeda ...1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 269-274
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーTo measure the osmotic pressure of a solution, which is indispensable for analysis of reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration data, a new type of membrane osmometer system was developed by improving conventional methods. The volume of the sample solution required was reduced to only 300 ml, and the time required for measurement was less than 30 min. Accuracy of the measurement was theoretically justified on the basis of the membrane transport equation and the concentration polarization phenomenon.
Osmotic pressure values of sucrose and glucose solutions obtained using the membrane osmometer system were in good agreement with data in the literature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1309K) -
Atsushi Hashimoto, Jun Sawai, Hideo Igarashi, Masaru Shimizu1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 275-281
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of this study is to examine the influence of far-infrared irradiation on pasteurization of bacteria suspended in liquid medium below the lethal temperature. Under this condition, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are injured and killed by far-infrared irradiation. With increase in irradiation power and with decrease in depth of the suspension, the ratio of the number of injured cells to the number of viable cells becomes higher, and the number of viable cells becomes smaller. Moreover, the pasteurization effect can be enhanced by raising the bulk temperature of the suspension. By estimating the temperature distribution within the suspension, it is suggested that the test bacteria are injured and killed in the very thin domain near the surface of the suspension.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (911K) -
Power, Gas Dispersion and Homogenisation Characteristics of Scaba SRGT and Rushton Turbine ImpellersFumio Saito, Alvin W. Nienow, Sidney Chatwin, Iain P. T. Moore1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 281-287
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe Scaba SRGT agitator with six blades when gassed draws between 1 and 0.8 times the ungassed power in fluids of low and moderate viscosity respectively. Under similar conditions, the gassed Rushton turbine draws 0.5 to 0.4 times the ungassed power. In addition, some three times more gas can be handled at the same ungassed power by this SRGT before flooding occurs. The increased hold-up achieved by the 6SRGT is commensurate with the increased power input and it is argued that the potentially extra power available should be able to give a similarly enhanced kLa. The 6SRGT agitator also gives an equivalent homogenisation performance to a standard Rushton turbine agitator of the same size at the same gassed power input. When gassed reactors are fitted with motors of sufficient power to be capable of running at full speed when ungassed, this agitator offers simple retrofitting possibilities potentially leading to considerably enhanced performance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (942K) -
Taira Homma, Michihiro Fujii, Uswindraningsih Titus, Erwana Dewi Bakar ...1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 288-293
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated fractionation of cellulase to remove the β-glucusidase (BG) fraction using an affinity column technique for the purpose of cellobiose production.
First we tried to remove BG from original cellulase using three kinds (KC-flock, Pulp-flock and Avicel) of cellulose powder columns.
When the cellulase was fractionated using the KC-flock as an adsorbent in the column and a 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 5.0) as an eluent, both endo-β-1,4-glucanase (EG) activity peak and cellobiohydrolase (CBH) activity peak were overlapped at an initial stage of the fractionation, but the BG activity peak is very low throughout the eluting range. The BG fraction adsorbed on the column could be eluted with a 10 mM sodium hydroxide solution.
When the cellulase was fractionated using the Pulp-flock column and the Avicel column by acetate buffer, BG was not adsorbed on either column. Then, the temperature of the columns was raised to 55°C, and elution by the same buffer was continued. A fraction with CBH activity, EG activity and very low BG activity was obtained by the process.
Secondly, we hydrolyzed the same three kinds of cellulose powders used for columns, using the fractionated enzymes. The soluble reducing sugar contained glucose and cellobiose, and the cellobiose content in the product was over 50 mol% for each of the substrates. The fractionated enzyme that eluted with acetate buffer from the Avicel column at 55°C gave the highest cellobiose contents (over 80% by weight) and this way was the most effective for the production of cellobiose in this study.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3080K) -
Tadashi Hano, Michiaki Matsumoto, Takaaki Ohtake, Fumiaki Hori1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 293-297
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe decomposition rate of cephalosporin C was measured in order to determine the stable operating conditions for extraction, and the same pH dependence as those reported in the past works was obtained. The physical extraction of cephalosporin C with butyl acetate did not occur since it was amphoteric and the fraction of undissociated form was very low.
The reactive extraction and strippting of cephalosporin C were studied by using various extractants and buffer solutions. The reactive extraction occurred when tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride and carbonate buffer were used as an extractant and buffer, respectively. This was the first example of cephalosporin extraction. Cephalosporin C extracted into organic phase was stripped by acetate buffer solution. In the stripping, the anion exchange reaction between cephalosporin C and acetate occurred.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (532K) -
Asashi Kitamoto, Mitsuhiro Ohta, Itaru Toyoshima, Katsuo Hasegawa1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 297-307
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn advanced theory of separation by the thermal diffusion method is proposed which accounts for isotope exchange reactions on the surface of the hot wire of the separation unit in a ternary isotopic mixture such as the D2-HD-H2 system or the T2-HT-H2 system. The theory has been developed in order to evaluate the performance of recovery of tritium and the separation rate from tritiated hydrogen gas by this process.
The proposed theory can be applied not only to the batch process (total reflux process) but also to the continuous draw-off process for the simulation of mechanisms for D- or T-enrichment from a mixture of hydrogen isotopes. A theoretical model is derived on the basis of a ternary system, and the concept of ternary transport relations, a thermal diffusion coefficient correction factor and the effect of the isotope exchange reaction on the hot wall surface are introduced. Although the model is formally for a ternary system, the theory is also applicable even if the isotopic concentration of one or two components is extremely low.
Overall separation performance decreases due to the isotope exchange reaction as compared with that with no reaction. It is very important to know that the existence of the T2 molecule and also of the isotope exchange reaction play significant roles in the separation performance of tritium, even at a tracer level of tritium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2855K) -
Tamotsu Hanzawa, Yu-Tien Hsiao, Hai Tian Yu, Noboru Sakai1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 307-314
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate the heat transfer phenomena for a package in a refrigerating room with downflow, the velocity profiles, temperature distributions and heat transfer coefficient were calculated numerically by fundamental equations derived under certain assumptions in the case where one wall of the vertical duct was isothermally heated and gas flowed downward through the duct in the laminar-flow range as a model of the package wall in the refrigerating room.
Downward forced convective flow is weakened by the free convective flow generated near the heated wall, and a stagnant How arises in the regular Rerange in this room. The cross-sectional temperature gradient near heated wall becomes steep with decreasing Re. The effect of free convection on average Nu is large in the range of low Re, becoming small with increasing Re.
To check these calculated results, the temperature distributions and heat transfer coefficient were measured experimentally under the same operating conditions as those of the theoretical analysis. The calculated temperature distributions and the average Nu agreed closely with the measured ones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (912K) -
Kenji Kotoh, Makoto Irube, Mitsuharu Muta, Masabumi Nishikawa1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 315-320
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーEquilibria of water vapor adsorption on hydrated aluminum oxide were examined by an electrometric method using a hygrometer as sensor, where the admittance of the water-adsorbable dielectric capacitor was measured. A modified Dubinin-Astakhov equation was applied to the description of experimental isotherms. In this expression the water adsorption is characterized by the partial admittance, evaluated by subtracting the background from the sensor admittance. The curve-fitting analyses show temperature dependence of the characteristic admittances and the adsorption characteristic energy. Also, the characteristic energy shows a linear correlation with the admittances. As the admittance is proportional to the permittivity, the influence of adsorption temperature on the admittances is explained by the temperature dependency of the permittivities of adsorbent and adsorbate, from a knowledge of the thermal effect on spontaneous polarization of dielectrics. The linear correlation proves that the polar adsorption is promoted by electric polarization of adsorptive substances. Since the permittivities depend on temperature, it is predictable that the characteristic energy can vary with temperature in polar adsorption systems.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4687K) -
Izumi Taniguchi, Koichi Asano1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 321-326
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーExperimental studies of the effect of adjacent solid spheres with arbitrary arrangement on the rates of evaporation of a drop were carried out for water and octane drops into dry air, for RePA = 72–234, Sc = 0.59–1.61, diameter ratios Dp/DA = 0.57–0.89, dimensionless distance between centers of drop and solid sphere, L/DA = 1. 12–9.44, and dimensionless distance between center axes of drop and solid sphere, W/DA = 0–3.63.
New correlations for the effect of solid spheres on the rates of evaporation were proposed. By use of these correlations, a prediction of void function, which relates mass transfer rates of a group of drops or particles to that of a single drop or particle, was made.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (744K) -
Roumiana P. Stateva, Stefan G. Tsvetkov1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 327-336
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn extrapolating model provides values for the thermophysical properties when infeasible specifications (either pressure or temperature) are recognized at a given iteration in a process simulator, applying an EOS technique. The model has a considerable effect on the convergence characteristics, accuracy and robustness of a higher-level simulation algorithm.
The present paper outlines a general approach for evaluating and comparing the abilities of different extrapolation techniques: to promote the convergence of higher-level algorithms; to ensure for them a solution that is accurate and not significantly inferior to the actual one. The latter could have been obtained using for example a different thermodynamic model.
The approach is based on the classical fixed-point theory and its connection with the contraction-mapping principle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1175K)
Short Communications
-
Naotsugu Itoh1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 336-338
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (299K) -
Ruey-Shin Juang, Yaw-Tsong Chang1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 339-342
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (446K) -
Hiroshi Tanahashi, Haruo Nishino, Kazumoto Tojo, Tasuku Nakai1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 342-344
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (767K) -
S. Dutta, G. D. Suciu1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 345-348
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (682K)
Prompt Papers
-
Masahiro Goto, Terufumi Miyata, Fukiko Kubota, Fumiyuki Nakashio1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 349-351
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (315K) -
Hiroyuki Tsugane, Yasuhiko Yagi, Hiroshi Inomata, Shozaburo Saito1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 351-353
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (413K) -
Ariel V. Melendres, Hajime Unno, Naohiro Shiragami, Hiroyuki Honda1992 年 25 巻 3 号 p. 354-356
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2005/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (345K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|