This study proposes to develop a lesson plan in the subject of "Ethics" titled "Learning to Accept Values Critically." Students should develop the concept of a faculty cultivated for mediating confrontations due to differing value systems and values-based contemporary social problems. Therefore, they need to take "Learning to Accept Values Critically." When students have taken the subject of "Ethics," they will be able to objectively recognize critically and interrogate the connotations of their own values. Only then are students really prepared to understand and think critically about the subject of "Politics and Economy." A unit "Is 'Human Rights Bestowed by Heaven' a Foreign Idea?" aims to develop students' recognition of their values' connotations. For instance, values such as "liberty" and "equality," are captured as general values, which are recognized as inherent and inalienable rights within contemporary democratic society. However, the students perform a critical searching activity composed to address the following questions: Who translated these values into words that many Japanese of the Meiji Era could recognize, especially given that they were encountering the values themselves for the first time? What were the processes and means of translation? In conclusion, this study showed the significance of "Ethics," prescribed in tandem with "Politics and Economy," and the relationship these two subjects should have in the Course of Study in Japan's upper secondary schools. Before learning "Politics and Economy," students need to take "Learning to Accept Values Critically" in "Ethics." Consequently, they will have taken "Learning to mediate confrontations among pluralistic values," which teaches them to persist in proposing tentative mutual agreement plans among people whose values differ.
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