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Volume 23 (1988)
- Issue 4 Pages 295-
- Issue 3 Pages 187-
- Issue 2 Pages 99-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 23, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Hiroshi SATO, Yoshihisa KUBOTA, Sentaro TAKAHASHI, Osamu MATSUOKA1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 99-104
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo assess the possibility of application of H5-DTPA for the chelating treatment in the accidental contamination with radioactive metal elements, the experimental treatments with Ca- and H5-DTPA were carried out in rats of which lungs were instilled with 59Fe-iron dextran. After the instillation, the animals were treated by DTPA on the 2nd day and sacrificed on the 7th day. The lung retention of 59Fe was significantly decreased and the urinary excretion was remarkably increased by the intratracheal instillation of Ca-DTPA at doses of 30 and 300μmol/rat. While the intratracheal instillation of H5-DTPA of 30, 100 and 150μmol/rat significantly increased the urinary excretion of 59Fe, its effectiveness was about half that of Ca-DTPA. On the other hand, no significant change was observed after either the subcutaneous implantation of H5-DTPA or intraperitoneal injection of Ca-DTPA at the same dose level.View full abstractDownload PDF (743K) -
Yuichiro KIMURA, Yoshihiro OGAWA, Masami FUKUI, Tadashi TSUJIMOTO, Yos ...1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 105-119
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe physico-chemical behavior of radionuclides such as radiocobalt, radioruthenium and radiocerium in sea water was investigated by electrodialysis, high-voltage paper electrophoresis, and also by paper chromatography for nitrosylruthenium complexes.
Most of the radiocobalt behaved as dialytic cations. However, these cationic species were not necessarily simple divalent, because their electrophoresic bands were rather diffuse and showed two peaks temporarily during ageing. The electroneutral form also increased with ageing. The radioruthenium in sea water showed relatively a number of well-defined species which could be readily classified into anionic, cationic, electroneutral, colloidal or particulate, non-dialytic and more or less adsorptive on vessel wall. The distribution of these species was dependent on their original chemical forms.
The hydrolysis of higher nitro and nitratonitrosylruthenium complexes to lower ones was demonstrated with ageing by paper chromatography.
The radiocerium showed initially cationic species. However, the electroneutral and anionic species were revealed with ageing by electrodialysis, and also they were strongly adsorptive on vessel wall, presumably because of the formation of colloidal hydrolytic species or particulates.View full abstractDownload PDF (2993K) -
Hiroshi YAMAGUCHI, Katsuhiro KAWASHIMA, Kazuo HOSHINO, Takeshi HIRAOKA1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 121-129
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBased on the prescribed diffusion model we estimate yields of water radicals by 3H β rays. A radical in a spur reacts with radicals in the same spur and in the nearest neighbour spurs according to the track structure of electrons and to the process of diffusion. The basic idea of the model is that 1) a concept of interspur distance in an electron path segment is introduced to take into account the track structure in the differential equations for many-radical system, 2) the differential yields for each path segment are summed up to give the integral yields by averaging over electron energy degradation spectrum, and 3) G-values of the species formed by 3H β rays are obtained by integration over the primary β spectrum. Optimum values for the parameters in the model were determined by comparison with experiments for Fricke dosimeter. The result indicates that the ratios for H2 and H2O2 exceed one among the ratios of yields of species by 3H β rays to those by 60Co γ rays.View full abstractDownload PDF (961K) -
Masanori ICHIKAWA, Tamiko IWASAKI, Sadayoshi KOBAYASHI, Hiromichi MATS ...1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 131-140
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAccording to the method developed by US National Institute of Health, probability of causation of cancer (PC) by radiation which evaluates numerically how previous exposure to radiation contributed to the occurrence of cancer was calculated for Japanese population using appropriate data for cancer incidence and life table in Japan. In this study, PC estimates were obtained for cancers of esophagus, stomach, colon, liver, pancreas, lung, breast and thyroid, and leukemia.
For cancers other than leukemia, the relationship between PC estimates and age at exposure was classified into the following three types:
1) cancers of esophagus, liver and breast for which PC estimates decrease with increasing age at exposure;
2) cancers of stomach, colon, pancreas and lung for which PC estimates decrease to a certain age and then increase;
3) thyroid cancer for which no clear relation between PC estimates and age at exposure is observed.
For leukemia, for which time from exposure to diagnosis was assumed to have a log-normal distribution, PC estimates reach their maximum several years after exposure and then decrease with age.
Differences were found in PC estimates between Japanese and US populations due possibly to the differences of baseline cancer incidence. The temporal pattern of PC estimates was, however, found to be similar, reflecting the similarity of the temporal pattern of cancer incidence with age in the two populations.View full abstractDownload PDF (847K) -
Tamiko IWASAKI, Sadayoshi KOBAYASHI1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 141-150
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1118K) -
From Accidental Tritium Release Reports of Savannah River PlantHiroshi KAWAI1988 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 151-157
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (593K)
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