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Cover1-
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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原稿種別: 目次
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Toc1-
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App1-
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横山 重宏
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1-2
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飯野 雅
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p.
3-6
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海野 道郎
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7-10
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App2-
発行日: 2001/11/13
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貝原 巳樹雄, 高橋 信幸, 秋山 尚希, 伊藤 理, 小野 寺智
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p.
11-14
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Measuring coal standard samples by using our infrared spectrometry, the feasibility on a rapid analysis method was studied. We adopted the principal component regression model because the problem for the multi linear regression model should be avoidable. As the result, we found that the accuracy of the estimation of coals properties would have better than we expected.
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新開 豊員, 岡田 裕之, 山西 一誠, 相田 哲夫, 相田 元
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p.
15-18
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Preliminary experiments for developing new methodology to characterize the Argonne premium coal samples by using the dielectric property measurement have been carried out. It was found that the dielectric constant showed a clear dependence on oxygen content of coals and frequency, and also very much sensitive to the water contaminant These observations suggest that this methodology is capable to evaluate coal structure involved by non-covalent cross-linking such as hydrogen bonding interaction in macromolecular network.
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高橋 義和, 三輪 優子, 片桐 元, 原田 道昭
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p.
19-22
発行日: 2001/11/13
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The structural parameters of the carbon in coal were analyzed by XRD using Hirsch method and Diamond method. Comparing with the parameters determined by solid state NMR and chemical analysis, the differences of carbon structure were investigated in detail.
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吉澤 徳子, 丸山 勝久, 山田 能生, 藤本 宏之, 寺前 剛, 原田 道昭
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23-26
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An extended Diamond's analytical method was established to evaluate size distribution of carbon layers in coal and char. The method was applied to two kinds of the CCUJ standard coal, SS008 and SS026, and to their chars prepared by rapid heating at 1500℃ in a drop tube furnace. The results obtained are discussed in regard to coal rank, char structure and content of heteroatoms in the samples.
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高木 英行, 丸山 勝久, 吉澤 徳子, 山田 能生, 佐藤 芳樹
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p.
27-30
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The changes of the carbon stacking structure in caking and non-caking coals during heat-treatment were evaluated using an X-ray diffraction technique (STAC-XRD: Standard Analysis of Coal-by X Ray Diffraction). The thermal plasticity of caking coal influenced the development of the stacking structure during heat-treatment. The analysis of P_s (fraction of stacking structure) suggested that the carbon stacking structure in raw coal was degraded with the release of volatile components at 400-600℃, and was developed again at over 600℃.
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佐藤 芳樹, 櫛山 暁, 丸山 勝久, 山田 能生
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p.
31-34
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Liquid-phase cracking of low rank coal was known to be the most interesting process to produce clean solid fuel with high heating value, high ignition temperature and low carbondioxide generation by combustion. In this study, we investigated reaction behavior of wide ranges of coals in the liquid-phase cracking and characterized the upgraded solid products for solid fuel and cokes material to use in steel industry.
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三輪 優子, 平尾 浩一, 高橋 義和, 片桐 元, 丸山 勝久, 山田 能生, 原田 道昭
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p.
35-38
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It is one of useful approaches to utilize a char which is a reaction intermediate of gasification as a probe to elucidate the gasification mechanism. It has been generally believed that the solid state NMR measurement for a char is impossible and the investigation has been scarcely reported. In this work, however, it is demonstrated that the measurement is possible at least for the char made up at temperature to 1500℃. It is effective for some chars to dilute them by pottsium bromide or to measure at low temperature. Structural characterization of char is possible by FWHM and peak position of chemical shift.
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野田 健史, 宮澤 邦夫, 板垣 省三, 深田 喜代志, 熊谷 治夫, Richard Sakurovs
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p.
39-42
発行日: 2001/11/13
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In-situ high temperature NMR measurement was applied to evaluate thermoplasticity of coal. Detailed analysis of FID signal obtained from 25 to 570℃ for coal and coal model (mixture of coke breeze and pitch) revealed that the plastic stage was considered to be composed of three components, a liquid-like component, a solid-like component and another liquid-like component which has low mobility through some interaction with solid-like component. The parameters obtained by high temperature NMR are expected to be useful for characterization of coal thermoplasticity.
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山田 理, ザバ M., 石塚 みさき, 安田 肇, 中野 薫, 張 愛華, 海保 守
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p.
43-46
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Atomic force microscope (AFM) equipped with an liquid cell is used to observe surface of Taiheiyo coal exposed to water and methanol. Height data and mechanical properties obtained by force curve analyses were compared. In water, monotonous increase in height data and rapid decrease in hardness calculated from force curve data caused by swelling of coal surface were detected as expected. In methanol, monotonous increase in height data caused by swelling is also clearly observed. In this case, however, periodic changes in surface hardness was unexpectedly obtained indicating interaction between methanol and coal surface and transfer mechanism are entirely different from those of water.
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横山 友宏, 迫 敏史, 高 鴻, 貴傳名 甲, 野村 正勝, 村田 聡
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p.
47-50
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Based on the orthogonal microscopic image analysis system, we have examined the swelling behavior of the three kinds of pretreated Taiheiyo coal, such as acetylated, pyridine-preextracted, and HCl-washed ones, along with virgin coal, to obtain an insight into the effects of the non-covalent bonding interactions on the swelling behavior of coal particles. The acetylated sample showed the fastest rate for swelling with pyridine, this indicating that hydrogen bonds in coal play an meaningful role during its solvent swelling.
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相田 哲夫, 鈴木 衆作, 酒井 政樹, 山西 一誠
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p.
51-54
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Working principle of coal extraction by CS_2-NMP mixed solvent has been discussed based on the experimental data obtained from solvent swelling measurement and dielectric behaviors of coal. It was found that an equimolar complex formation between CS_2 and NMP was suggested to be responsible to increase the electron donorability of the solvent which was effective to destruct non-covalent network structure of coal such as charge-transfer bonding or π-π bonding interaction, and to increase the solubility toward coal extract.
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鷹觜 利公, 中野 薫, 山田 理, 海保 守
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p.
55-58
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Interactions between four Argonne premium coal samples and various organic compounds including carbon disulfide (CS_2) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), were investigated by inverse liquid chromatography. For higher-rank Pittsburgh No.8, Upper Freeport and Pocahontas coals, the interaction with CS_2 was greater than that with NMP, while for lower-rank Illinois No.6 and Beulah Zap coals, the tendency was opposite. For high-rank coals, the interaction with CS_2 was greatly enhanced by coexistence of NMP, while for lower-rank coals it was not observed. In addition, the enhancement of interaction for high-rank coals was also observed in the case of CS_2/dimethylformamide (DMF) and CS_2/Pyridine systems, which are known to give high extraction yields as CS_2/NMP one. These results suggest that CS_2 can interact strongly with any interacting sites in high-rank coals when NMP (or DMF) coexists with them. Therefore, the interaction among CS_2, NMP (or DMF) and any interacting sites in high-rank coals is important, not that between CS_2 and NMP.
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則永 行庸, 飯野 雅
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p.
59-62
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Modulus of Yallourn brown coal particles that have been swollen in dimethylsulfoxide were determined by creep compliance experiments at temperatures ranging from 303 to 343K. The modulus was decreased with increasing temperature, suggesting that the tensile force occurring in the swollen coal is unlikely to be provided by an entropic rubber elasticity.
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p.
App3-
発行日: 2001/11/13
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正木 健介, Hengfu SHUI, 則永 行庸, 飯野 雅
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p.
63-66
発行日: 2001/11/13
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The effect of various salts on the solubility of heavy coal extract fraction; pyridine insolubles (PI) obtained from the extraction of Upper Freeport (UF) coal with carbon disulfide-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinon (CS_2-NMP) mixed solvent (1:1 by volume) was investigated. With the addition of various salts of chloride, the solubility depended on the amount of chloride anion, and it had little relation with cation species and their charge. It has been found that the addition of large amount of copper salts decreased the solubility, but for lithium and iron salts no decrease in the solubility was observed. These results can be explained from hard and soft acids and bases theory.
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Hengfu Shui, 則永 行庸, 飯野 雅
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p.
67-70
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Two kinds of pyridine insoluble fractions (PI) of coal extracts with different solubility in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) were characterized. PI-0 was obtained by pyridine fractionation of Upper Freeport (UF) coal extracts with CS_2/NMP mixed solvent (1:1 by volume), and its solubility in NMP is 53wt% at room temperature. While, PI-1, which was obtained by the removal of NMP and TBAA from PI-0 solution in NMP containing tetrabutylammonium acetate (TBAA) was almost completely soluble in NMP. Elementary analysis and ^<13>C NMR spectra indicated that the two PIs have the same chemical structures. The viscoelastic properties and adsorption behaviors of the two PIs were investigated. The results obtained here suggested that the less aggregated state of PI-1 is responsible for its high solubility.
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竹内 康浩, 則永 行庸, 飯野 雅
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p.
71-74
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Effects of operational variables including heating rate and oscillation frequency on the dynamic viscoelasticity of four kinds of bituminous coals were examined during heating up to 823K under the flow of nitrogen. The complex viscosity, η^*, was used to evaluate the softening and re-solidification characteristics of the coals. It has been found that the onset temperature of softening is not varied with the heating rate, whereas the minimum η^* values and temperatures at which the η^* show minimum values are appreciably influenced by heating rate. The early stage of coal softening is likely to be a physical melting process but the later stage of softening and the solidification are controlled by the chemical reaction process. The solidification process was also studied under isothermal conditions. Gel time, which is a measure of reaction rate for solidification, has been utilized to determine the apparent activation energy of the solidification process. The activation energies of coal samples were approximately 200kJ/mol, much higher than those of thermosetting polymers (vinyl ester resin (VER)^<1)>, diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/trimethylolpropane triglycidylether (TMP)^<2)>).
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熊谷 治夫, 田辺 克守, 斉藤 公児
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p.
75-78
発行日: 2001/11/13
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The effects of heating rate on the change in associated molecular structure of slightly-coking coal, Witbank coal, was investigated. Spin-spin relaxation phenomenon of the coal during heat treatment was observed using in-situ pulsed ^1H-NMR. A solid-echo pulse sequence was employed to monitor the variation of molecular mobility of coals. The echo signals obtained were deconvoluted into a set of a Gaussian and two Lorentzian decay, which represent the immobile, intermediate and mobile components, respectively. With rapid heating treatment up to 644K, mobile component in Witbank coal is varied not only quantitatively but also qualitatively. The variation might be result from the relaxation of associate structure induced by heat treatment. Since the molecular mobility were considered to have a close relation to the softening characteristics of coal, the improvement of coking phenomenon with rapid heating treatment can be attributed to the change in associated molecular structure of the coal. These results indicate that change in the associated macromolecular structure of coal has strongly affected with heating rate.
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三浦 孝一, 前 一広, 長谷川 功, 陳 皓侃, 田村 和久
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p.
79-82
発行日: 2001/11/13
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We have recently presented a new to estimate the strength distribution of hydrogen bonds (HBD) in coal.. The method analyzes the FTIR spectrum ranging from 2400 to 3700cm^<-1> that are obtained using an in-situ diffuse reflectance IR Fourier transform (DRIFT) technique with neat, undiluted coal samples. In this work the method was applied to estimate the hydrogen bond strength distributions formed between coal and several polar solvents: acetone, ethyl acetate, THF, DMF, and pyridine.
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村上 正典, 貴傳名 甲, 野村 正勝, 村田 聡
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p.
83-86
発行日: 2001/11/13
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The transferable hydrogen in coal is thought to play an important role in coal conversion such as coking and liquefaction. To quantify the amount of transferable hydrogen, we investigated the behavior of coal during oxidation at lower temperature such as 100-200℃. We attempted to find the correlation between weight change and change of concentration of carbonyls (by FTIR) to obtain a linear correlation between them. Consequently, we found that reactive hydrogen can be evaluated based on weight change during autoxidation by thermobalance. We are investigating the relationship between reactive amount of hydrogen in oxidation and that of transferable one in coking according to previous method.
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太田 裕志, 宝田 恭之
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p.
87-90
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Caking properties of coal are strongly affected by low-temperature oxidation. In this study, the low-temperature oxidations of four coals ranging from brown coal to bituminous coal were investigated using ^<18>O_2 isotope. During the oxidation of coal, CO (m/z=28,30), CO_2 (m/z=44,46,48) and H_2O (m/z=18,20) were analyzed with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The gas release profiles were depended on the coal rank. When the oxidized bituminous coal was pyrolyzed at 10℃/min up to 500℃, much more C^<18>O^<18>O, C^<16>O^<18>O, H_2^<18>O were released before softening temperature than those from raw coal. The coal structure change due to desorb oxygen containing gases before softening temperature affects caking properties of coal.
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山口 達明, 伊藤 玲, 矢沢 勇樹, 杉本 義一
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p.
91-94
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Fulvic acid has a biological activity to promote the growth of plant. But it is a problem that fulvic acid is present in only a small amount in soils or low lank coals. It was shown clarified that weathered coal could produce the fulvic acid-like substance using hot compressed water in a semi-batch reactor below 270℃. These products was similar to practical fulvic acid extracted from weathered coal in the chemical structure.
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米山 嘉治, 岡村 誠, 森永 加奈子, 加藤 真己, 前川 智, 椿 範立
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p.
95-98
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Addition of water has remarkable promotional effect on coal conversion via noncatalytic hydrogenation, and synergistic effect between water and hydrogen on coal conversion was found. Because these effects were more obvious for coals having large pyrite contents, it seems that pyrite played an important role in the promoting effect and synergistic effect between water and hydrogen on coal conversions.
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三浦 徹, 石原 篤, I Putu SUTRISNA, 銭 衛華, 加部 利明
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p.
99-102
発行日: 2001/11/13
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The hydrogen transfer behaviors of five different kinds of coals on their reactions with tritiated tetralin from 300℃ to 400℃ have been investigated. The result gave information on not only the hydrogen transfer but also the change in oxygen functional groups during the reaction.
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I Putu Sutrisna, 石原 篤, 銭 衛華, 加部 利明
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p.
103-106
発行日: 2001/11/13
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The hydrogen transfer behaviors of the Illinois No.6 coal on its thermal and catalytic (with Pt/Al_2O_3) reactions with the gas-phase H_2 have been investigated using a tritium tracer method. The reactions were carried out in a fixed bed reactor in the temperature ranging from 250 to 400℃ under the tritiated hydrogen gas pressure of 5.0MPa for 1h. The experiments in the presence of the Pt/Al_2O_3 gave some insights into the changes in oxygen functional groups induced by hydrogen transfer, and the promotion of benzylic radical formation and the degradation reactions of the coal matrix.
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崔 基赫, 持田 勲, SD SUMBOGO M, 光來 要三, 坂西 欣也, Osamu OKUMA
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p.
107-110
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Molecular species in Tanito Harum coal liquid of different fractions were identified by the aid of gas chromatography with atomic emission detector (GC-AED). Two different forms of coal liquids oils as liquefied and its hydrotreated ones were analyzed in the present study. Thiophenes and benzothiophenes were found to be the major sulfur compounds. Pyridines and anilines, and phenols were the major of nitrogen and oxygen compounds, respectively. Sulfur species were completely removed by the present hydrotreatment conditions, whereas refractory nitrogen species still remain in hydrotreated gas oil. Among such species, we identified new species such as C_<11>H_<19>N and C_<14>H_<23>N, respectively, according to the elemental analyses by GC AED and molecular weight by GC-MS, which are believed to be produced during hydrotreatment.
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小谷野 耕二, 石毛 敦子, 角田 雄亮, 柏木 理, 菅野 元行, 平野 勝巳, 真下 清
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p.
111-114
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Under the hydrogen-donative conditions using tetralin solvent and hydrogen gas, the coprocessing of coal and three kinds of plastics, such as high-density polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, yielded a large amount of oil compared with the individual reactions. On the other hand, the coprocessing under the pyrolysis conditions using decalin solvent and nitrogen gas brought an increase in the yield of volatile matter and decreases in the yield of gas and oil. These results suggested that the coprocessing stabilizes the coal radicals and the plastic radicals so that the polymerization and the decomposition of plastic radicals are suppressed.
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佐田 豊, 村上 順, 大森 克己, 村上 沢, 佐藤 英三, 宮田 幸和
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p.
115-118
発行日: 2001/11/13
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The process development unit (PDU) for upgrading coal liquefied oil started in April 2000. Continuous operation without any serious problem proves the stability of the PDU. The 1^<st> stage hydrotreatment, atmospheric distillation and gas-oil 2^<nd> stage hydrotreatment operation were completed. The following results were obtained. 1. 4140 hours of continuos operation in 1^<st> stage hydrotreatment (objective>1000 hours) 2. The cetane number for the gas-oil in 2^<nd> stage hydrotreatment to 43 (objective>35) 3. The production of gas-oil that satisfy JIS by blending coal liquefied oil with petroleum. 4. Obtain the engineering data for designing demonstration plant.
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大森 克己, 佐藤 英三, 宮田 幸和, 箭内 朋子, 荒牧 寿弘, 杉本 義一, 坂西 欣也, ムルティ スムボゴ, 持田 勲
原稿種別: 本文
p.
119-122
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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Molecular composition of Tanitoharm coal liquid light distillates was thoroughly analyzed using GC-MS, NMR and IR techniques for the identification of nitrogen compounds in the hydrotreated coal liquid. The remaining nitrogen species after the hydrotreatment were concentrated by narrow cut distillation to be identified as (1) decahydro-pyrrolo [2,1,5-de] quinolizine and (2) tetradecahydro-9b-aza-cyclopenta [def] phenanthrene that stayed refractory for HDN in the hydrotreatment.
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柿沼 伸良, 相田 卓, 佐藤 剛史, 阿尻 雅文, 新井 邦夫
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p.
123-126
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Taiheiyo coal extraction experiments with supercritical water (SCW) and SCW-Phenol mixtures were conducted at 400℃ and 25MPa using a semi-continuous apparatus. With increasing the concentration of phenol, the extraction yield increased up to 80wt%-daf. Extraction yield of Yallourn coal extraction shows 80wt%-daf, while that of Adaro coal shows 65wt%-daf with the SCW-PhOH (80wt%) mixtures. Mechanism of the co-solvent reactive extraction was discussed based on the analysis of the products. This suggests the capping effect of phenol to prevent from polymerization of products.
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p.
App4-
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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加藤 健次, 野村 誠治, 植松 宏志, 佐野 明秀, 東 忠幸
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p.
127-130
発行日: 2001/11/13
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Recently, various develpomet efforts with waste plastics recycling process have been made. The coke-making process is considered to be suitable as a waste plastics recycling facility, because the process involves coal carbonization in a high-temperature and reducing atmosphere. So the carbonization tests mixed with waste plastics were conducted in laboratory tests and actual coke ovens. As a result, it was clairified that the waste plastics recycling process using coke ovens are feasible, where coke, tar, light oil, and coke oven gas were collected without affecting coke strength. Waste plastics recycling process was started as a chemical recycle technology at Nippon Steel Corporation Nagoya and Kimitsu works in 2000.
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野村 誠治, 加藤 健次
原稿種別: 本文
p.
131-134
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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The recycling process of waste plastics using coke ovens is now being studied. The effect of added plastic size on coke strength and coking pressure was investigated. The coke strength showed the minimum at the particle size of 10mm for polyethylene (PE) and 3mm for polystyrene (PS). The mechanism for this was explained in connection with the weak coke structure formed on the interface between plastic and coal. Furthermore, it was shown that the addition of powder PE increased the coke strength and the coking pressure due to the gas trap in the coal thermoplastic layer.
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齋藤 公児, 加藤 健次, 古牧 育男
原稿種別: 本文
p.
135-138
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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A new carbonization process with rapid preheating and coke discharging at medium temperature has been developed in Japan. The result of this process shows that even when no or slightly coking coal is by 50wt% the coking property is improved and a coking coke with cold strength usable at blast furnace can be manufactured with the new carbonization process. The mechanism of the coking property improvement was examined by coal properties with using mainly solid state NMR (^1H CRAMPS and ^<13>C SPE/MAS, CP/MAS) and NMR imaging (Single Point Imaging, in-situ Imaging). It has been clarified that the molecular structure of coal is relaxed by the rapid heating treatment and in addition there is a close relation in hydrogen bond and relaxation of molecular structure of coal.
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蘆田 隆一, Nakorn WORASUWANNARAK, 中川 浩行, 三浦 孝一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
139-142
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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It is very important to clarify the carbonization mechanism of coal from various aspects. In this study the carbonization mechanism of coal was examined by referring to the gas formation behavior during the coal pyrolysis, especially to that of hydrogen. It was found that not only the total amount of hydrogen formed but also its formation profile was significantly different among the coals. The activation energy distribution of each gas formation rate was also estimated by a new DAEM method to examine the carbonization mechanism in more detail.
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中井 武史, 蘆田 隆一, 中川 浩行, 三浦 孝一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
143-146
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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A coal tar produced by a commercial coke oven was pyrolyzed in a quartz tube reactor at 800 to 1100℃ and the effects of the pyrolysis temperature and the residence time on the product distributions were examined. Hydrogen and methane were main gas products and a fairly large amount of coke was formed. The yields of hydrogen and coke monotonously increased with the increase of either pyrolysis temperature or residence time, and they reached 4.3wt% and 80wt%, respectively, at 1100℃ and at 6.7s of residence time. The presence of steam in the feed gas did not affect the pyrolysis of the coal tar but steam gasification of the coke formed during the pyrolysis occurred.
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林 石英, 原田 道昭, 鈴木 善三, 幡野 博之
原稿種別: 本文
p.
147-150
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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Coal/CaO mixture was pyrolyzed under various pressure with heating rate 5℃/min. In product gases, H_2 and CH_4 were about 87% and 11%, respectively. Only a few CO and CO_2 remained in product gases. CO_2 was fixed by CaO and CO was converted to H_2 by water-gas shaft reaction. Tar product from the Coal/CaO mixture pyrolysis was also smaller than that from coal pyrolysis.
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海保 守, 張 愛華, 安田 肇, 山田 理, 中野 薫
原稿種別: 本文
p.
151-154
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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Taiheiyo coal was pyrorized under pressurized atmosphere using a specially designed butch type reactor and the reaction process was investigated. The formation process of gas and liquid and char were analized in detail according to the proceeding of pyrolysis estimated by the carbon conversion to the whole gas produced. The initial pyrolysis stage of coal and the secondary decomposition of volatile matter were discussed separately.
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坪内 直人, 大塚 康夫
原稿種別: 本文
p.
155-158
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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Low rank coals have been pyrolyzed with fixed bed and free fall type reactors to examine factors controlling the reactivity of char-N after devolatilization. At 400℃/min, Ca^<2+> ions added at 3wt% to the demineralized coals enhance more efficiently formation of N_2 and NH_3 from char-N at 1000-1350℃. The Ca is also active even in rapid pyrolysis (10^4〜10^5℃/s). The increase in N_2 yield at residence time of 30sec by Ca addition is 10%. The Ca can thus catalyze N_2 formation from char-N after complete release of volatile matters. The XRD measurements of the chars reveal that the Ca exists as CaO with the average size of 25-40nm. It is lilely that the highly dispersed CaO catalyzes conversion reactions of char-N to N_2 and NH_3 at solid phase and formation of crystallized carbon. The reaction mechanism is discussed in term of interactions between CaO particles and char-N.
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藤岡 裕二, 西藤 将之, 齋藤 公児, 加藤 健次
原稿種別: 本文
p.
159-162
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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Thermal decomposition behavior of coals were measured by high temperature infrared spectrophotometer (IR) system. It is important to know the thermal decomposition process of coals in order to understand their chemical properties during coking reaction. The coal samples were heated from 50℃ up to 600℃ in a N_2 ambience, and IR spectra were measured in every 10℃. Five coals were analyzed by this system, the changes of IR spectra as sample heating were well obtained. Especially, high temperature region over 400℃, drastic changes of IR spectra were obtaind. The high temperature IR system is useful for analysis of thermal decomposition behavior of coals.
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中川 浩行, 下村 正敬, 三浦 孝一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
163-166
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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It had been reported that the gasification rate of coal char measured by a thermobalance (TG) is much smaller than the rate measured by a drop-tube furnace (DTF) at high temperature. In this work we succeed in obtaining the gasification rate that is very close to the rate measured by DTF by gasifying a small amount of sample (<0.3mg) using a TG. The char particles were placed in a platinum mesh basket in highly dispersed state in the TG. Using this experimental technique, we clarified that CO_2, gasification rates of seven kinds of chars were controlled by chemical reaction up to 1200℃ for char particles less than 75μm. At 1300℃ the difference in the gasification rates among the seven chars was found to be very small due to the shift of rate controlling step from the chemical reaction controlling region to the intraparticle diffusion rate controlling region.
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馬 暁迅, 永石 博志, 武田 詔平, 吉田 忠, 原田 道昭
原稿種別: 本文
p.
167-170
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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The CO_2 gasification of Taiheiyo coal char with different formation processes was conducted at 1073K in a fixed bed to investigate the dependence of gasification reactivity on the formation history of char, such as, the cooling and exposure of char to air before gasification. The reactivity degradation of the char undergoing cooling and exposure to air was observed, and could be attributed to the decrease in reactive site of the char by temperature-programmed desorption spectra of CO_2 and CO.
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張 愛華, 海保 守, 安田 肇, 山田 理, 中野 薫
原稿種別: 本文
p.
171-174
発行日: 2001/11/13
公開日: 2017/03/22
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To investigate applicability of diverse coal type to hydrogasification process, hydrogasification were performed with two kinds of Chinese coals, Urumqi and Datong coals and the results were compared with that of Taiheiyo coal. It was found that total gaseous product yields (gas yield) as well as the amounts of major products such as methane, ethane, CO and BTX decreased in the order of Taiheiyo, Urumqi, and Datong, which was in agreement with the sequence of VM contents for the three coals. Comparing the relationships of carbon conversions to individual products with gas yield shows that coal type has little influence on hydrogasification mechanism.
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