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Masaya YUKIHIRA, Hisaaki TAKAYAMA, Kenichi SHIMIZU, Shinobu YABU
2013 Volume 129 Pages
1-7
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
JOURNAL
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In this study, a survey for 1,310 fishery high school students mainly in Kyusyu and Shikoku areas was conducted in the period from June to September 2011 in order to understand their occupational consciousness. The result is as follows. (1) As for the presence of occupation they want to enter, the ratio of students who have an occupation they want to enter increases as their grade in school advances. (2) As for the occupation they want to enter, a classification was made focusing on fishery workers, seamen, and flyers. Such students as being male, in navigation course, in cultivation course, from fishing village, from seashore, and with the opportunity to approach to ships show a significantly high ratio of wishing to become fishery workers. Also, such students as being male, first grader, in navigation course, in engineering course, from fishing village, with the opportunity to approach to ships, with more than two weeks' experience of boarding a ship, and with no experience of boarding a ship show a significantly high ratio of wishing to become seamen or flyers. (3) As for the aptitude and willingness for the occupation they want to enter, the students who have an occupation to be entered show a significantly higher score than that of the students whose occupational consciousness is vague.
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Naoko FUKUDA, Kokoro KAMEYAMA, Ruri SHOJI, Kenji ASHIDA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
9-17
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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The present study developed the health monitoring system including an electric interview for seafarers boarding on a coastal vessel with mobile phone communication. Nineteen male seafarers were monitored health-related information for about three months. They measured blood pressure, body weight and step counts per a day and inputted their life histories to a personal computer (PC) on board once a day. These data were recorded by the PC on board and when the ship was within cellphone coverage area, the PC uploaded the data to the server on land. Compare to the lifestyle on the land which was examined previously with self-administered questionnaires, overeating was controlled, however, skipping a meal and snacking was not changed on board. Drinking and smoking habits were not changed between on board and land. Among twelve obese seafarers, eleven seafarers were drinkers and five drinkers had habits of overeating, skipping a meal, and snacking in addition. The health interview questionnaire of seafarers on board with mobile phone communication was successful. Also, the lifestyle habits obtained by the interview were indicated to be useful for the health assessment and the guidance of individual seafarers.
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Shigeki SAKAKIBARA, Ikuo ABE, Masanori TSUGANE, Masayoshi KUBO
2013 Volume 129 Pages
19-30
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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The 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami at 14:46 JST, 11 March 2011 affected the large areas of eastern and northern part of Japan, and also many sea disasters against vessels moored along the terminals inside the harbor basins were occurred. However, there was a successful example of safe mooring harborage of an Aframax tanker during the tsunami. In order to investigate the tanker behavior and find out the causes to achieve the safe harborage, we have conducted a hearing investigation to the crews, and tried to reproduce the moored tanker behavior during the tsunami by the numerical simulation methods on ship motions and tsunami.
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Yutaro SASAHARA, Mitsuhiro MASUDA, Kiyokazu MINAMI, Koichi MASUDA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
31-37
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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For advancing ocean development, it is important to estimate response of moored floating structures in order to ensure the safety because they are placed on severe environment for a long time. Moored floating structures show complex motion at offshore ocean. The moving particle simulation (MPS) method is suitable to simulate the non-linear phenomena and the interaction of fluid and structures. In this study a improved MPS method which has an algorithm to solve pressure oscillation of particles and attenuation of wave height has been developed. The authors examined the applicability of the two-dimensional MPS method to response analysis of moored floating structure in regular waves. The numerical results have good agreement with laboratory data in term of time histories, spectra and frequency response, and the allow ability of the improved MPS method is indicated.
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Naoyuki TAKAGI, Yoko UCHIDA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
39-43
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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The present study analyzes errors that appear in English uttered by Japanese VTS operators and summarizes them in terms of word order, features related to verbs (tense, voice, and usage), prepositions, and others. These errors seem to have resulted from the lack of formal English training and the urgent need to communicate successfully with non-English speaking mariners who also use somewhat broken English. Based on the errors characteristic of Japanese operators, this paper also proposes an effective learning method for them, showing what should be learned and how, and thus aims at contributing to the safety of navigation in Japanese waters.
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Yoko UCHIDA, Naoyuki TAKAGI
2013 Volume 129 Pages
45-49
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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The present study investigated pronunciation elements of Korean speakers' Maritime English that are likely to hinder successful English communication between Japanese and Korean speakers working in maritime sectors. Contrastive analyses of English, Japanese, and Korean yielded descriptions of phonological/phonetic characteristics in Korean accented English and predictions of difficulties Japanese listeners may encounter. This was followed by the analysis of Maritime English data pronounced by eight students of a maritime institute in Korea and accent judgment by Japanese listeners. The Japanese listeners were predicted not to perceive accent in sound pairs such as /l/ and /r/ since the two sounds are not distinguishable in Japanese in the first place, while it was expected voiced sounds pronounced as voiceless in certain environments due to Korean phonology would be judged accented. Also, where realization of a sound deviates from the value expected by Japanese listeners, e.g., /æ/ realized as [e], /f/ realized as [p], it was expected Japanese listeners would point out foreign accent. Although the majority of the results were consistent with what had been expected, some of the results, e.g., perception of syllable-final consonants and consonant sequences, did not match the predictions made by contrastive analysis.
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Misako URAKAMI, Nobukazu WAKABAYASHI, Hisaya MOTOGI
2013 Volume 129 Pages
51-57
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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We view AIS (Automatic Identification System) as a probe information system. Then, it can be said that a vessel is the probe of marine traffic. Nowadays, AIS information is mainly received and collected by each AIS land station near the coast in Japan. After that, it's provided to a vessel and maritime society by creating added value in collected information. However, the information received at the AIS vessel station is not included. That isn't probe information system in the true meaning.
In this research, the AIS information received by the AIS vessel station explored. First, the past record of the course line of T.S. FUKAE MARU explored that received by the AIS land station in Kobe University and the AIS vessel station in T.S. FUKAE MARU. In particular, the communication message is also contained in the AIS information received by the AIS vessel station. These messages were also explored. Next, we propose the probe information system using the information received by the AIS vessel station. We configure the standards of degree of attainment that the proposed probe information system supported a navigation. According to evaluation results, the proposal system lived up to certain standards.
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Hitoi TAMARU, Ruri SHOJI, Tsukuru KONNO
2013 Volume 129 Pages
59-65
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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In recently, Maritime traffic data are observed by many institutions. Effectually utilization of those data is inspected.
Others, tracking control for straight route or curve route is effective by precedence study.
In this study, Target trajectories were made from from 3 observations (Coastal Station (AIS Information), GPS, Control System in Shioji Maru). Saving data of Control System include position, heading and yaw rate and that interval is 1 second. Trajectory data by Coastal Station include position, heading and yaw rate but that interval is inconstant. Trajectory data by GPS have only position, that interval is 2 second.
An order rudder angle is calculated by present ship's situation and trajectory's data.
This control algorithm is inspected by simulation and actual ship experiments.
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Kazumasa SHIMODA, Osamu SUZUKI, Nahoko YOSHIDA, Taku KIMURA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
67-77
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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The installation of a VHF radiotelephone is required if more than 100 tons of gross tonnage. However, in the case of the other small ships were arbitrary. For that reason, it was difficult to install a VHF radiotelephone easily with a small ship, and to establish a mutual understanding by using a VHF radiotelephone between all ships. By partial revision of the Radio Law etc. in October, 2009, a VHF radiotelephone can be installed with ease than before. In this study, first of all, these data were clarified the actual condition by the field survey in a fishery cooperative association and a marina, and investigated the actual condition of the issue of radio operator license and radio station license using databases of Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. Secondly, these data were acquired by conducting the experiment which used handy type of a VHF radiotelephone between GINGAMARU and TOBAMARU, NIPPONMARU and a personal water craft (for leisure). As a result, these were revealed that the range which can communicate a VHF radiotelephone of handy type, and some remaining regulatory issues etc.
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Yuka TAMURA, Takeshi SHINODA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
79-86
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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Most marine accidents related to vessels are caused by human errors, such as mis-perception, mis-judgment and mis-operation in functional systems, which are contributing to collisions.
The risk assessment for the collisions between fishing vessels and cargo vessels is carried out in accordance with the guidelines for FSA (Formal Safety Assessment) approved by IMO due to their high occurance frequency and enormous damages. The records of adjudiction of marine accident inquiry are analyzed by VTA and the marine casualty database is constructed focused on human factors related to the cognition and decisionmaking process at the crossing situation. Risk Control Options (RCOs) are proposed based on the database analysis and its effciencies have been investigated considering the impact to the conition and decisionmaking factors.
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Yoshinori HAMAJI, Nobuo EZAKI, Yoshitsugu KIMURA, Kunimitsu ISHIDA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
87-92
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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The accident involving the ferry, Ariake, which heavily listed in Kumanonada in 2009 was shocking. This accident was reported by every research organization. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport announced measures to prevent such accidents from reoccurring. These measures mentioned the handling of the ship in a following sea, and the lashing of the cargo. However, it is difficult to satisfy these measures when a ship coasts. Moreover, engine performance also creates limitations. In this context, stability is regarded as a primary factor in preventing a similar accident. At first, the authors produced an experimental monitoring system of the rolling period. Then, it was put on a Ro-Pax ferry and operated in various situations encountered in voyages.
As a result, changes to stability were able to be visualized from moment to moment. The mates came to understand the influence that veering, and the slowdown of one's ship, had on stability. When such a system proved to be useful, it was taken into consideration.
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Hayato MATSUMOTO, Noritaka HIRATA, Hironori YASUKAWA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
93-98
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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It is well known that the heel affects the ship maneuverability significantly, however there is no quantitative evidence on the maneuvering motions of full-scale ships so far. To capture the heel effect on the ship maneuverability, full-scale trials were carried out using a training ship “Toyoshio-Maru” of Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, Japan. Zig-zag test and turning test were conducted in 4 different heeled conditions. Motion measurement was performed using a K-GPS (Kinematic GPS) system with 3 antennas placed on the ship. The heel angle
φ was varied as 3.5, -0.4, -1.5, and -5.6 degrees. Negative
φ means the heel to port side. In case that the azimuth angle was -10 degrees, the turning circles become large with increasing the heel angle to port side. In case that the azimuth angle was 10 degrees, on the other hand, the turning circles become small with increasing the heel angle. The heel angle increase to the port side is corresponding to the azimuth angle increase to positive direction. In case of the present ship “Toyoshio-Maru”, -2 degrees of the heel angle is equivalent to almost 1 degree of the azimuth angle.
Thus, the heel effect on the ship maneuvering motions was successfully captured in full-scale trials.
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Noritaka HIRATA, Takanori NISHIJIMA, Fumihiko KAKINO
2013 Volume 129 Pages
99-104
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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When berthing a large vessel, ship handling is very difficult. Although a lot of information such as the ship speed, yaw rate, distance to the berth, tags status, wind direction, wind speed, safety check and so on is required for berthing maneuver, such information has been not integrated so far. In order to reduce the stress of the pilot, the assistance system which can display the numerical information of the ship status (speed and distance to the berth) and bird's-eye view image was developed.
The system flow is explained as follows. First, the picture is converted to bird's-eye image. Next, in this study, the distance to the berth is estimated by edge detection process. Then, the velocity component is calculated by using the image matching process. The error was identified within 16cm, 0.1knot and 0.6deg/min compared with the measurement data of K-GPS. In this study, the accuracy of the numerical information almost satisfies the specification of berthing maneuver.
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Yohei MATSUMOTO
2013 Volume 129 Pages
105-112
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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HOG (Histograms of Oriented Gradient) is a feature which is a basis of the modern object detection algorithms. I applied HOG-SVM (Support Vector Machine) detector to our ship detection system and evaluated it quantitatively. Firstly, I gathered large number of navigational images from ship mounted camera and manually annotated the area of ships in the images as the ground truth for training and evaluation. Then I carried out k-fold cross validation to evaluate HOG-SVM for various parameters. The result shows that HOG-SVM achieves 99% true positive and 0.0% false positive for ships with resolutions larger than 128x64.
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Rei TAKEUCHI, Hisayuki KUROKAWA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
113-124
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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Japanese government has been deeply concerned about declining its ports competitive positions. Although Japanese government has proposed its ports development policy, “International strategic ports policy” to enhance their competitive positions in world container shipping market, a numerous of doubt has come up due to lack of analysis on their characteristics of users at each port.
In this study, it was analysed how Japanese strategic ports had been used on transportation network to reveal competitors to discuss the policy. In addition, it was necessary to reveal characteristics of port usage to discuss points of port functions enhancement.
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Etsuko NISHIMURA, Toshitaka MISE
2013 Volume 129 Pages
125-132
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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“Efficiency Improvement of Domestic Truck Transportation Involving Marine Container Transportation (E029)” is promoted by Ministry of the Environment in Japan as one of the projects. We focus on a vehicle routing for container transport on this project, there are three container conditions: inbound, outbound and empty; and there are two vehicle situations: trailer truck (with full/empty container loaded), empty truck (as tractor only). In this study, we address the tractor head to trailers (chassis) assignment with full/empty container, which the objective is to minimize CO
2 emissions. There are over 20 % reductions of CO
2 emissions in our proposed approach. Simultaneously, we can also obtain the number of trucks used, around 20 % of trucks used can be reduced. There are not so significant CO
2 emissions between working time limits, however, it is clear that there is a difference in trucks used between them.
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Lisa SUZUKI, Hisayuki KUROKAWA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
133-140
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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Currently, global warming is a globally serious problem. And also in marine transportation, reduction of greenhouse gas (especially carbon dioxide (CO
2) is needed. So, the reduction of CO
2 emissions is being discussed at IMO.
Now, the problem of the imbalance in a trunk line has occurred in the liner, and the problem of inefficient one-way transportation has occurred in the tramper. On the other hand, in truck transportation on land, the increase in efficiency of both-way transportation is achieved by joint delivery.
Therefore, this study examines transporting bulk cargo by container, in order to reduce CO
2 emissions by the increase in efficiency of both-way transportation. And we aim at solving problems of the liner and the tramper.
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Takeshi SHINODA, Ryo MIKASA
2013 Volume 129 Pages
141-147
Published: 2013
Released on J-STAGE: December 27, 2013
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Various troubles occurring in the vessels during service may cause material or monetary loss for operations side and credibility loss for cargo owners. As an issue of ship design, countermeasures to prevent troubles and to reduce those trouble and losses can lead to value creation for customers' satisfaction. Also, in consideration of the current circumstances of risks of exchange rate fluctuations and soaring ship's material, preventing on-board trouble is one of important issues for shipping industry of Japan to maintain international competitiveness.
In this study, we first create the trouble database using about 200 on-board trouble data from 15 vessels owned by a shipping company in Japan from 2007 till the first half of 2011. Following practicable examples are analyzed and presented: analytical results of on-board troubles caused by human factors through the trend analysis and factor analysis, and machine trouble analysis based on the FMEA (Failure Mode Effects Analysis) and 4M5E analysis for severe accidents.
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