The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between subjective sleep disturbance, healthy lifestyle, and mental health among 180 elderly people in the community. The following findings were obtained; 1) 29.3% male and 60.2% of female reported that subjective sleep disturbance. There was a significant gender difference, with prevalence of subjective sleep disturbance being higher in females than males. 2) The factors related to subjective sleep disturbance in males included age and depression, but no factors were found for the female group. This suggested that we should carefully evaluate subjective sleep disturbance and need to evaluate associations with other factors.

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[in Japanese]

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To establish normal reference values for the presence of the anatomic variants of the circle of Willis and to compare anatomic pattern of the circle of Willis of our results with foreign one, 61 healthy volunteers of young adults (male 18, female 43, age 19-25 years, mean age 22.3 years) were examined with 3-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography (3D-TOF-MRA) of the circle of Willis at 1.5T MRJ equipment. On MR angiography, the presence of entirely complete circle of Willis, incomplete circle of the anterior or posterior part, incomplete circle of the anterior and posterior parts were 53%, 37%, 10% respectively. The presence of entirely complete circle of Willis was higher in women (64%) than men (24%) (P<0.05). Statistically signfficant differences were also found in 4 subtypes of the entirely complete circle of Willis between Japanese and Western country young people. 3D-TOF-MRA is the superb modality for evaluation of blood-flow-based functional anatomic variation of the circle of Willis.

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The anatomic variations of the hepatic vein (HV) and portal vein (PV) in 42 healthy young volunteers (male 27, female 17; age 19 to 25 yrs, mean age 21.6 yrs) were analyzed using ultrasonography to clarify the patterns of ramification of HV and PV. The right hepatic vein (RHV), middle hepatic vein (MHV) and left hepatic vein (Lnv) drained independently into the inferior vena cava (IVC) in 23.8% of cases, but MHV and LHV formed a common trunk in 57.1%. RHV and MHV formed a common trunk in 11.9%. RHV drained into IVC slightly below the level that MHV and LHV drained into IVC. On PV branching, common type that the right anterior segmental (ASB) and posterior segmental branches (PSB) originated from the RPV after branching of the right portal vein (RPV) and left portal vein (LPV) irom main PV were 78.6% in cases. ASB, PSB and left PV were originated simultaneously from main PV trunk in 2.4%, and PSB originated from main PV trunk directly were originated in 19.0%. These anatomic variations in ramification patterns of HV and PV were important imaging findings to determine the location of hepatic mass lesion and to evaluate surgical procedures such as segmental or subsegmental hepatectomy and living related hepatic transplantation.

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