There is not many effective materials for teaching of the body mechanics in the nursing education. Videotape teaching material on the transfer techniques for wheelchair which included the viewpoint of the body mechanics on the basis of our research result obtained up to now was made. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the learning effect of videotape teaching material. Objects were the nursing freshmen of 16 persons, and it was divided into marketed videotape group with the made video tape group at random. Their postures and subjects were analyzed in videotape before looking, just after looking , after 3 weeks. As the result those, in the made videotape group, just after looking and after 3 weeks behaved significantly bigger than before looking in the attitude of the stand-up lumbar region angle, and the desirable attitude which made the waist back straight was taken. And, a number of the person who paid their attention to the body mechanics increased more than half of the attendants just after looking, and it also continued it after 3 weeks. In comparison of it with the marketed videotape group, the made videotape group tended to be effective a title. However, it was not conclusived, because the comparison was not sufficiently finished by the reason of difference of assistance method in between the two videotapes.

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[in Japanese]

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Based on Matt Scudder series (detective stories) by Lawrence Block, I clarified the situation where an alcoholic run into habitual drinking, his mentality to deny variousproblems caused by drinking, the scene where he was sent to detoxication treatment after unconsciousness, and the process where he admitted being alcoholism. In addition I extracted the process where he took part in Alcoholics Anonymous, got over a crisis and recovered from alcoholics by the support of a sponsor, elucidation the recovering process from the change of the style. I also compard the support system for alcoholics in the United States shown in the novel to the medical care and support system such as self help goups in Japan.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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Low contrast resolutions in the CT unit is carried out in accordance with the second recommendation proposal compiled by the X-ray CT commission. The recommended method alters the diameter of the signal to its minimum identifiable size. This is in order to enable the observer to detect this signal visually and perform an evaluation of the system. ROC analysis is widely used as an objective method for evaluation of images. This method was originally developed for evaluation of the measuring capacity of radar. Accordingly, ROC analysis can be applied to achieve objective evaluation of the detection properties of image diagnosis apparatuses in terms of their physical capacity. The ROC analysis measurement method for low contrast resolutions introduced by Shiraishi, allows for the objective evaluation of the detection characteristics in the CT unit. This time, we used this new method to measure the resolution of low contrast resolutions in the CT unit. We will report on the relationship between the tube current, slice thickness, X-ray dose absorption, reconstruction function and low contrast resolution, all of which have been difficult to evaluate in the past. The method prescribed by Shiraishi, sensitively captures any changes in the low contrast resolution of the CT unit that occurs due to the varying conditions. A1so because low contrast varying resolutions could easily be evaluated using the Shiraishi method, it is thought that this is a further step in the effective evaluation of low contrast resolutions.

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The purpose of this study is a comparison of image quality between two CCD (charged coupled device) cameras of the DR system using a Howlett chart. The DR system evaluated here is equipped with CCD cameras of 1 (1k) and 4 (2k) million pixels, respectively. The differences in image quality were compared under a variety of exposure conditions, and evaluated with Howlett chart. It was found that the image quality of both systems improved with increasing surface doses up to 0.15 mGy. For surface doses from 0.15 mGy to 0.7 mGy, the increase of the surface dose resulted in no significant improvement in the image quality of either system. For surface doses exceeding 0.7 mGy, the image quality of both systems deteriorated rapidly with increasing doses due to halation in the images. For surface doses of less than 0.32 mGy, the matrix sizes (1k or 2k) demonstrated no significant differences in image quality. For surface doses from 0.32 to 0.7 mGy, image quality of the 2k system was, on the whole, better than that of the 1k system (p<0.05). The surface dose in clinical practice is recommended not to exceed 0.15 mGy. Doses of more than 0.15 mGy merely result in increased patient exposure. Longer exposure times may cause blurred images because of the motion of the organs and increased surface doses may require a larger focal spot. As a result, image quality will not be improved by increasing surface dose beyond 0.15 mGy.

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