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Seji TOTSUKA, Ichiro KOBAYAS
1998 Volume 18 Pages
1-16
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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Many bridges have been constructed over the Shirakawa river which runs across the Kumamoto city from east to west. Because of swift-moving waters of the Shirakawa river during the rainy seasons, these bridges were demolished and reconstructed repeatedly. The writers investigated the development of these bridges from the view point of flood history. This paper describes the design concept and the process of its deveropment in bridge construction over the Shirakawa river. It is concluded that the understanding of disastrous history as well as technological, regional and sociological history is very important criteria for the evaluation for civil engineering structures.
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Masato HARAGUCHI, Naoyuki KON, Keiichi SATOH
1998 Volume 18 Pages
17-28
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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abstract: Sapporo Agricultural College was one of the organs of higher education by the government office at early Meiji Era. In there, foreign professor instructed the young in Civil Engineering. After a while, the graduates took the place of the foreigner, and made the curriculum of Civil Engineering Education. It was one of the origin of system to teach civil engineering by Japanese. Isarni Hiroi was the chief of Dept. of Engineering S. A. C. and made its curriculum.
In order to describe Civil Engineering Education of Dept. of Eng. S. A. C., this paper explains the lecture of Civil Engineering at S. A. C. that Hiroi was attended.
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Norikazu ICHIKAWA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
29-40
Published: May 01, 1998
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A Provision on a governmental subsidy for the civil engineering works after natural disasters was enacted on April 21st, 1899 for the first time in Japan enabling the goverment to subsidize prefectural expenditures required for restoration works, This paper describes the historical process the Naimu-Ministry followed to establish the subsidiary system as well as the state of subsidiary measures at that time before the system was established by use of documentary records and the materials found by author. It was also found through calculation of four trial subsidiary cases that the established system imposes much higher burden on the prefectures compared to the formaly adapted subsidiary rate.
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Maki YAMASHITA, Ichiro KOBAYASHI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
41-56
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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Abstract: In France, lots of stone bridges were constructed from Roman age to Industrial Revolution age, and many of them are used even now. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the historical stream of French stone bridges and to evaluate their Aesthetics. In chapter 2, it is defined the component of a stone bridge. Chapter 3 classifies stone bridges in six period as follows; 1) Roman age (-5c), 2) Medieval age (5-16c), 3) Renaissance (1647c), 4) Royal age (17-18c), 5) Modern age (18-19c), 6) Industrial Revolution age (19c-). And their characterizations are described. Chapter 4 motivates 1) to evaluate Aesthetics of Bridges, 2) to get a suggestion for design of modern bridges.
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Zhi-Lin HAN, Shunsuke BABA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
57-68
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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Steel bridges and reinforced concrete bridges, introduced from Europe and America, have got wide spread use in modem China. However, arch stone bridges are still being constructed due to their cheap cost of material. Much technical progress has been made during the past several decades. In 1972 and 1990, the world record on the length ot span was changed twice. Moreover the relative of arch stone bridge, two-way curved arch bridge with new structure system, was invented in 1960's. This study aims at clarifying the developmental history of arch stone bridges and two-way curved arch bridges in modem China.
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Michel Cotte, Ichiro Kobayashi
1998 Volume 18 Pages
69-79
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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At the beginning of 1820s. Marc Seguin and his brothers started negotiations with French government for the construction of a railway line from the Saint-Etienne coal field to the Rhone valley and the city of Lyon. This railway is the first French railway using locomotives. Because there are few papers and publications on the history of this important railway, the writers have studied about the circumstances of the railway and the role of Marc Seguin. The originality of civil engineering works' and the development of locomotives with tubular boiler 2) are already discussed.
This paper reexamines the Saint-Etienne & Lyon Railway Company from the view point of the economic context and management by investigating original documents of Marc Seguin and his colleagues. Major points discussed include: 1) Economic context leading to the railway and rate competition for the governmental concession, 2) Operation of locomotives and management of the company after the opening, 3) Advanced aspects of the railway.
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Keiji Ohara
1998 Volume 18 Pages
81-91
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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At Kobe the urban construction projects were demanded on the extensivearea for the pressure of urbanization after opening the port in Meiji era
Thevast expenses were needed to carry out the urban construction projectsonthe extensive are-a, and so the new mwthed, that is, the projects of the new road excavation and the land correct-ion were founded before long on the experience of theseveral projects that were carried out du-ring the first half of Meiji era at Kobe
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Kousuke ITOH, Tetsuo AKIYAMA, Takashi ITOH, Hidekatsu Mizoguchi
1998 Volume 18 Pages
93-101
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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This paper describes the circumstances and conclusion of Bridge-Foot Plaza in Kanto Earthquake Reconstruction Program in the case of Old Tokyo City area at “Nihonbashi-ku”and“Kyobashi-ku”. Especially, we attend the laws for circumstances and conclusion ofbridge-foot plaza, facilities in bridge-foot plaza such as Police Box and Public Toilet.
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Yasushi GOTO
1998 Volume 18 Pages
103-116
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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This study clarified about the block formation inside Thi-pak-sia
n (Taipei Castle) under Japanese rule.The frame of Tai-pak-sia
nhad been constituted by walls and streets. The Government-General tried to improve the urbansanitation with utilizing the frame. As a result Three-Tracks-Street was built at the place that castle wall had been built, and the major streets continued to exist. However, the direction effected by Peng Shui also continued to exist; these instances do not mean accession of traditional space order. The plan was merely the utilization of existing geographical features; because traditional planning philosophy had not been considered.
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Etsuro SUZUKI, Yuji MIURA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
117-122
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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In early Meiji Era many new infrastructures which needed to use roads were introduced into Japan from the West. From early days, national projects like the development of telephone and telegraph networks were legally privileged to occupy roads and use them at their discretion. To deal with this unorganized situation, aplan to accommodate pipes and cables into common ducts was included in the Post-Earthquake Reconstruction Program of Tokyo. Under the old Road Traffic Law, however, the common duct was not defined as a road strucuture but as a construction that occupies the road As a result, space on and above roads remained in disorder which was cumulated through Meiji and Taisho Eras.
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in Relation to the Policy of Road Works
Shigeki MATSUURA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
123-138
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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Following on the delivery of Road Law in 1919, the First Road Improvement Program was formulated in the subsequent year. The Road Law was enacted because of thearmy's keen interest in the road development, which was aroused by the vital role the motor vehicle transport had played during the World War I. The budget for First Road Improvement Program was rapidly reduced in the aftermath of the Great Kanto Earthquake, but new merits of roads were attached great importance in the context of industrial infrastructure, which led to the formulation of the Second Road Improvement Program in 1933. Aiming to promote both regional andhichistrialdeveropment through road improvement, the Program was being implemented undererial jurisdiction. Although the Program was interrupted, due to the building war structure, the National Expressway System Program was formulated in 1943 to develop expressways nationwide. The post-war policies to associate the regional and industrialdevelopmentwith highway improvement had thusalready originated before the World War II
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Kunihiro TANAKA, Yoji NIITANI, Kiyoomi YAMADA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
139-152
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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For the purpose of judging the safety of existing masonry walls, we applied 6 kinds of methods which we have studied. It was cleared as follows. From these 6 methods, much the same results could get, but incidentally, based on their hypothesis, large variance could happen. Therefor, to get more accurate judgement usingstudied methods, the corrected soil constants by which checking the results of commonly used soil-slope circular slip surface method should be used. On the other hands, the collection of the field data or the analysis using the computer areexpected.
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Kazuo KANKI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
153-164
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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In this paper, the abolishment of 4 waterworks (Aoyama, Se Dkawa, Mita and Honjo) at Edo in 1722 is chazussed by use of historical literatures on Kyoho Reformation, the disasters (fire, flood damage) occurred during 1590-1722 at Edo and the old maps related to the water supply districts. The abolishment of 3 waterworks (Aoyama, Senkawa and Mita) was carried out for the agricultural development at Musasino hill and in thes water supply districts people could get drinking water by the wells. The abolishment of waterworks (Honjo) was carried out for the reduction of the governmental mense.
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Takao DONUMA, Isoya SHINJI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
165-176
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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This paper analyses topographical characteristics of historic gardens in the greater Niigata area with regard to the locations of gardens, the spatial organization of the gardens and other related topics. The salient of this study are as follows: 1. Periods when most of the gardens of wealthy farmers and the like were established and/or expanded coincide with the era of the emergence and development of the landowner class. 2. The locations of gardens in the Niigata area are classified into 15 categories, based on economic affluence and natural topography. 3. Few historic gardens of Rinzai, one of the Buddhist sects, are located in the Niigata region. 4. 80 percent of the total consists of gardens which made use of water. Such gardens are very common in the plains and mountainous regions. The Hiraniwa style (Roji and Karesansui gardens) is popular in coastal regions. 5. The Kaiyu style garden, a circular type of garden, is mostly located on floodplain topography, where wealthy landowners resided. 6. There are many front type, backyard type and courtyard type of gardens compare with circular type of gardens in the smaller farmland belt areas of the mountainous regions. It seems that the emergence of circular gardens on the plains was influenced by social factors such as wealth, authority, and social status. The backyard type and the Hiraniwa type in coastal regions seem to have been more influenced by natural factors such as topography, environmental conditions and man's need to manipulate those elements for his survival and pleasure.
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Focusing on Designed or Supervised by Dr. Tojiro Sano
Hiroki IKEDA, Osamu SHINOHARA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
177-188
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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Dr. Tojiro Sano is known as a dam engineer, who designed the first masonry dam in Japan, the Nunobiki Gohonmatsu dam. He also superviseddesign of some characteristic dams, the Karasubara-Tatsugahata dam, and the Honenike dam, which is an only multiple arch type dam in Japan. His design was always improved by studying foreign new engineering. For example, he visited India to study the British way of dam design. His early dams were decorative neoclassicism, but later decoration was vanished from his works. His works were neat and detailed.
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OKUMA Takashi
1998 Volume 18 Pages
189-199
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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The Ministry of Construction has already undertaken a policy, including the Overflow Control Measures initiated in 1987 to be taken when a flood runs over levees. And, the Flood Restraining Forest Belt to make the overflowing current run gently was introduced in the revisio n of the Riparian Act in 1997. These recently proposed measures confirm that the present situation warrants the approach of accepting a certain level of overflowing.
With advanced technology available, overflows would occur far less frequently than in the old days anyway. Nevertheless, if overflows would occur, the inundated water would be blocked bythe high levee and we would have large damages. Therefore, it would be required to artificiallybreak the levee to return the water to the river channel.
In this paper, I would like to discuss the countermeasures requiring in the event of artificial levee-breaking for reducing the inundation damages.
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Takao IWAYA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
201-216
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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This paper describe the characteristics of the floodways in Japan through the history of their development. The object channels are 327 that the all floodways to be called in Japan today. A research adopts the method that inspects the attribute of the floodway individually in the outlet form, the diversion structure and the development year etc. As the second step, the correlation of each attribute had been considered. As a result, it was found that the Otozu River is oldest in the history of the floodway development, in the channels that discharges only flood that exist.
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Forest Control System in Kaga Province in Feudal Period
Makoto ADACHI, Masamichi USHIROSAKO
1998 Volume 18 Pages
217-226
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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This paper deals with history of flood prevention works in Kaga province from feudal period. There have been big and rapid rivers in Toyama plain in Kaga province. Since the life of the people lived there was significantly influenced by flood, the lordconstructed embankments and preserved forests. Firstly, this forest control system was discussed from the flood control point of view.
Then restriction of cutting bamboo and importation of it from other province were described as a policy of flood control. It is because that bamboo cylinders which were made of stones and bamboo, were the most important materials of river embankments for the flood control. Finally it was clarified that the policies mentioned above were quite successful for prevention of flood.
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Kunio OHTOSHI, Seisuke MATSUDA, Kazuo SHINO, Atsushi SHIMIZU
1998 Volume 18 Pages
227-234
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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The Kodo-Zeki that was constructed in Edo-era by Mr. Kenzan Nonaka is going to be replaced with a modern weir. A legend of “ito-nagashi” has been left because the old weir had a curvilinear-oblique shape. Such shape is quite unique among historical weirs. The aim of this study is to make clear the design concept of curvilinear-oblique weir througha hydraulic model experiment and to reevaluate the historical structures.
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Toshitaka YAMAO
1998 Volume 18 Pages
235-244
Published: May 01, 1998
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Takashi AKIYOSHI, Kunihiko FUCHIDA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
245-252
Published: May 01, 1998
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Akira ITO
1998 Volume 18 Pages
253-258
Published: May 01, 1998
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Toshihiro TANOUE, [in Japanese]
1998 Volume 18 Pages
259-264
Published: May 01, 1998
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Terunori Ohmoto
1998 Volume 18 Pages
265-270
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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In early age of Edo period, there were extensive irrigation and flood protection works by use of diversion structures, levees, weirs and groynes made of stones in Kumamoto Prefecture which weredirected by Kiyomasa Katou as a feudal lord. Some of the historical monuments have been still working properly. In this paper, the structural features of weirs, levees and irrigation channels constructed by Kiyomasa Katou were investigated from a viewpoint of traditional river regulation methods. The results showed that the monuments have multiple functions to control flood discharge, water level and sedimentation.
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Takashi ITOH
1998 Volume 18 Pages
271-276
Published: May 01, 1998
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Norikazu ICHIKAWA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
277-286
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 28, 2010
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Civil Engineer Aijiro KASAI and Jiro INOUE
Sadayoshi KORENAGA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
287-302
Published: May 01, 1998
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Toshio Inamatsu
1998 Volume 18 Pages
303-316
Published: May 01, 1998
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Tetuaki SHINODA, Tutomu NAKAO
1998 Volume 18 Pages
317-322
Published: May 01, 1998
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Yasuaki CHINO, Tatsushi FUJITA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
323-326
Published: May 01, 1998
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Fujie YOSHIHARA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
327-338
Published: May 01, 1998
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Keinosuke GOTOH, Byungdug JUN, Yoshihide MAEKAWA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
339-350
Published: May 01, 1998
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Ryozi HASEBA, Yoshihiko TURISU, Susumu YOSHIHARA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
351-362
Published: May 01, 1998
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Field Survey mainly around Okayama Prefecture
Teruhisa HIGUCHI, Shunsuke BABA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
363-372
Published: May 01, 1998
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[in Japanese]
1998 Volume 18 Pages
373-380
Published: May 01, 1998
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Ikuo FUJII
1998 Volume 18 Pages
381-386
Published: May 01, 1998
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Hiroshi Matsumura
1998 Volume 18 Pages
387-394
Published: May 01, 1998
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Relocation and restoration of stone-masonry arch bridge on holocene ground
Kiyoshi FUKUTAKE, Ryozi HASEBA, Hironobu YAMAGUCHI, Naonobu TAKEWAKI, ...
1998 Volume 18 Pages
395-410
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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Junnichi KITAMURA, Takatoshi OKABAYASHI, Junnichi KONISHI, Hidemi NISH ...
1998 Volume 18 Pages
411-414
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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The investigating committee of historical steel bridge investigated modem steel bridges in Japan, and compiled these data In this study, we consfruct the image database which are made up specifics of bridge photographs drawings and a map. This database can be refered the object bridge by the speciftcs of the bridges and maps of construction places. The database is developed. by Visual Basic4.0, and installed CD-ROM database ibr practical use in public.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1998 Volume 18 Pages
415-429
Published: May 01, 1998
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Hiroshi Yokohira
1998 Volume 18 Pages
431-438
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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This reserch is investigated about the cost of construction on YUBETSU line and the comparative line.The results show several interesting things that the comparative line has some advantages compare to YUBETSU line.The reasons are 1) low cost, 2) to make easy, 3) the avoidance of blind gut line, 4) the avoidance of switch back.
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Norimitsu Koike, Hiroshi Yokohira, Koshi Yamamoto
1998 Volume 18 Pages
439-444
Published: May 01, 1998
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In case of the northern Kanto district
Moriaki SUZUKI, Jiro FUKUSHIMA, Takatoshi TAMEKUNI, Saburo NAKAGAWA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
445-452
Published: May 01, 1998
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Jiro FUKUSHIMA, Takatoshi TAMEKUNI, Saburo NAKAGAWA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
453-464
Published: May 01, 1998
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Mitsuru YOSHIDA, Yoji NIITANI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
465-474
Published: May 01, 1998
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Tetsufumi NOMIYAMA, Takatoshi OKABAYASHI, Tomoyoshi HORI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
475-478
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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Maps and photographs of modern cities is important to study change of redamations and road systems. For the study of formation of cities, we need to preserve and rearrange of these materials. The purpose of this study is to preservasion and express these materials. The first, we collect materials of Kitakyusyu City, and construct CD-ROM, image databese. The second, we construct the image databese of histrical bridge in Nagasaki City.
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Hiroshi FUJIMOTO, Takao NAKAZAWA, Mitsuhiro SEZAKI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
479-489
Published: May 01, 1998
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Kunihiro TANAKA, Yojo NITTANI, Kiyoomi YAMADA
1998 Volume 18 Pages
491-501
Published: May 01, 1998
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Masaya AKAMI, Yoji NIITANI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
503-512
Published: May 01, 1998
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In Relation to Reconstruction after the Great Kanto Earthquake
Yasuhiro OKAMATSU, Yoji NIITANI
1998 Volume 18 Pages
513-520
Published: May 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 15, 2010
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