In the present study, isolation of yeasts from diluted bull semen treated with antibiotics and identification and classification of the yeasts were performed. Procedures of identification of yeasts were shown in Table 1. Classification of the yeasts was carried out by the method of Lodder et al. (1952). In addition, 2 cases of bovine endometritis caused by Candida infection were described.
1) A total of 154 strains of yeasts was isolated from 106 of 498 diluted bull semen samples (21. 3%). The recovery rate tended to increased year by year (table 2).
2) The yeasts isolated from the semen were classified into 2 families, 7 genera and 22 species, the main species being Candida guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, Torulopsis famata and Rhodotorula minuta as shown in Table 3. According to Lodder et al., these species of yeasts seemed to be those existing commonly in the soil, feed and alimentaly canal of domestic animals, and some of them might have potential pathogenicity. It was supposed that the yeasts in the semen were derived primarily from the preputial cavity.
3) Yeasts were isolated from 2 cases of chronic endometritis which had not been recovered by successive intrauterine injections with sulfanamide drugs and antibiotics. The yeasts were identified as C. guilliermondii. Although it could not be known whether the 2 cases were caused by primary infec-tion with C. guilliermodii or by secondary infection as substitutive microbism due to successive treatments with antibiotics, Candida organisms seemed to be causative of sterility in cattle.

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate sensitivity of bacteria recovered from diluted bull semen to 8 antibiotics (penicillin : PC, streptomycin : SM, chloramphenicol : CP, kanamycin : KM, tetracyclin : TC, erythromycin : EM, leucomycin : LM, oleandomycin : OM). A total of 274 strains of bacteria including 231 Gram negative ones (84.3%) and 43 Gram positive ones (15.7%) was used as materials. Of 274 strains of bacteria 191 were recovered from semens treated with PC and SM, and the remaining from those treated with no antibiotics. The sensitivity of the bacteria to the antibiotics was determined by the paper disk method and the degree of the sensitivity was expressed as shown in Table 1. The results obtained were as follows.
1) The greated part of 274 strains of bacteria was resistant to PC, EM, LM, and OM, the rate of the resistant bacteria being 7085% respectively (Fig. 1). About 50% of the bacteria were resistant to SM and CP. The rate of the bacteria resistant to KM and TC was lower (2534%).
2) Sensitivity of main species of Gram negative bacteria to the antibiotics was shown individually in Fig. 2. In Achromobacter and Alcaligenes, the greater part of strains was resistance to the antibiotics except KM and TC. In Pseudomonas almost all strains were resistant to them except SM. On the contrary, sensitivity of Gram positive bacteria to the antibiotics was relatively high as shown in Fig. 3.
3) In 191 strains of bacteria recovered from PC- and SM-treated semen, 104 (54.5%) were resistant doubly to PC and SM. But in the bacteria recovered from semen treated with no antibiotics, the rate of the doubly resistant ones was lower (31.4%) than in the former group (Table 2). The double resistant bacteria were much more in Gram negative group (47.2%) than in Gram positive group (9.9%) as shown in Table 3.

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The number of ovulated ova in adult rats following gonadotrophin treatment was studied in relation to the hormonal dose and the season. In addition, the rate of ovulation from both ovaries and the percentage of abnormal ova after superovulation treatment were determined. A total 625 rats were used in the schedules of experiments, as shown in Fig. 1. The results obtained are as follows.
1) When rats were treated with 50 iu of HCG after pre-treatment with 10, 20, 30, 40, 30+20, 50, or 60 iu of PMS in July, 1964, the average number of ovulated ova was 17.9, 23.7, 31.7, 41.5, 41.9, 56.5, or 53.7, respectively. The number of ovulated ova averaged 53.0, and 55.3 in rats treated. with 50 iu of PMS and 25 iu of HCG and those treated with 50 iu of PMS and 100 iu of HCG, respectively, and 10.5 in untreated rats.
2) The average number of ovulated ova was as large as 29.5 to 36.0 and 40.3 to 56.5 in rats treated with 30 iu of PMS and 50 iu of HCG and in those treated with 50 iu of HCG, respectively during a period March to July. On the other hand, it was as small as 23.3 to 26.7 and 31.2 to 33.3 in rats treated with 30 iu of PMS and 50 iu of HCG and those treated with 50 iu of PMS and 50 iu of HCG, respectively, during a period from September to January. These results seem to suggest that there may be a seasonal variation in the number of ovulated ova in adult rats treated with gonadotrophins.
3) The ovulation rates of the left and right ovaries were examined in 140 ovulated rats and 195 rats treated either with 30 iu of PMS and 50 iu of HCG or with 50 iu of PMS and 50 iu of HCG. There were no differences in the number of ovulated ova between the left and right ovaries of adult rats following ovulation and superovulation.
4) In rats treated with 30 iu of PMS and 50 iu of HCG and those treated with 50 iu of PMS and 50 iu of HCG, the percentage of such abnormal ova as fragmented and immature ones to the total ovulated ova was 1.25% (73 of 5, 853 ova) and 1.23% (105 of 8, 509 ova), respectively.

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[in Japanese]

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In order to reveal the several problems on artificial insemination of turkeys, the basic experiments, were carried out. The semen could be collected very easily by the method of massage with milking, by using the holder which has been specially designed for turkeys by the authors. The general properties of the semen collected by this method were as followings.
The amount of semen obtained by one operation was 0.11 ml on the average, ranging from 0.05 to 0.30 ml. The number of spermatozoa per mm³ were 5.11 millions on the average, ranging from 2.11 to 18.2 millions and the total number of spermatozoa in one ejaculation were 612 millions on the average, ranging from 162 to 2, 730 millions. The pH value of semen was from 7.0 to 7.8 and the mean value was 7.6. The total length and head length (head length plus middle piece length) of 100 sperm cells measured were 86.8±0.56μ on the average, ranging from 82.7 to 93.7μ, and 10.4±0.25μ on the average, ranging from 8.0 to 13.0μ, respectively.

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For the purpose of obtaining some fundamental knowledge of the immunoassay of animal gonadotrophins, some serological characteristics of antiserum to bovine luteinizing hormone (NIH-LH-B₃) were studied.
Antiserum to bovine LH was prepared by immunizing rabbit, according to a modified program of immunization reported by Moudgal and Li (10). The precipitin titer of LH antiserum against LH antigen (50μg/ml saline solution) was 1: 64.
Precipitation lines developed when unabsorbed LH antiserum was reacted with bovine serum, pituitary gland, brain, heart, liver and kidney, by the method of agar gel double diffusion. However, after absorption of antiserum with bovine serum, positive reaction occurred only when antiserum reacted with pituitary gland.
As for the reaction of antiserum with anterior pituitary hormones, some hormones, LH, FSH, TSH and GH, showed a positive reaction with unabsorbed antiserum, while after absorption of antiserum with bovine serum, positive reactions occurred only when antiserum reacted with LH and TSH.
Serologically specific antiserum to bovine LH was obtained by adding absorption of LH antiserum absorbed with bovine serum with TSH.

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