The Typhoon Hagibis in October 2019 caused flood damage in various places in Nagano prefecture. Four nurseries were flooded in Nagano City and Chikuma City. We interviewed the city staff and nursery school staff about the disaster situation and childcare continuity. Furthermore, we carried out flood inundation analysis of the Chikuma River and analyzed the inundation process. Nursery schools need rules to close before a typhoon arrives. And six types of resources are required for the nursery school to resume services. In this case, “building” and “supporter” were the key resources.

 This study proposes a gradual road recovery plan after a large-scale disaster. There are two steps in the plan. First, the plan selects only roads that connect critical facilities and are outside of a catastrophic area as recovered roads based on the improvement of the accessibility. Then, it selects the rest of the roads in the same procedure.

 Sukumo city, Kochi prefecture, was selected as the case-study area for this study. The city has a disaster risk of the Nankai Trough Earthquake in the future. The disaster can cause tsunami and ground subsidence, and these events can disrupt roads and cause long-term floods in the central part of the city.

 The proposed plan was applied to the city, defining a long-term flooded area as a catastrophic area. As a result, it confirmed that the proposed plan could proceed the second step before the restoration of all the roads at the first step. Furthermore, it clarified that the plan could improve the accessibility between critical facilities than a plan that does not consider gradual recovery.

 With the increase of natural disasters and the scale-up of disasters in recent years, there is a movement to understand the impact of natural disasters in bridge maintenance plan due to the need to explain to residents. Although external forces due to natural disasters have been taken into consideration at the time of design, external forces and environmental conditions surrounding bridges may change during the maintenance period. In addition, it is difficult to clearly explain how much strength and margin the applicable bridge can withstand natural disasters.

 In this study, it will be considered the natural disaster influencing factors that should be considered in the bridge maintenance plan. RFND (Rating Factor with Natural Disasters) is defined as an index that expresses the resistance to natural disasters. Existing bridges are classified by using them as an index to judge the resistance to major natural disasters. RFND is calculated for each bridge, the characteristics are grasped, and the current situation of existing bridges is analyzed by grouping. Finally, it will be discussed the relationship between the usage of RFND and the bridge maintenance plan.

 The disaster prevention administrative radio is a useful information transmission means that can transmit information to all the local residents. However, it has been pointed out that the victims of recent heavy rain disasters have not been able to fully demonstrate their abilities. In this study, in order to investigate the change in the sound of the disaster prevention administration radio depending on the degree of rainfall, the effect of rain sound on the sound of broadcasting was quantitatively clarified by simple experiments.

 The common fishery right is a fishery right for nearshore fisheries along the coasts of fishing villages. When a tsunami is approaching and fishers need to escape from the area of the common fishery right, their home port is not always the most suitable landing point for fast evacuation. Through geographical data, hazard map and evacuation drill data for Gokasyo Bay at the town of Minamiise, in Mie Prefecture, Japan, we checked the time for evacuation from the area of the local common fishery right. Most of the area covered by the common fishery right is suitable for to escape to their home port. However, new landing points outside of their home village are needed for some areas. We point out the significance of coordination among neighboring fishing villages for smooth evacuation of their respective bay areas.

 This study is to understand the awareness of disaster countermeasures such as evacuation shelters at the time of emergency declaration issued for the infectious diseases that spread woeldwide in 2020.This research uses the consciousness data collected on the web for Tokushima prefecture. The analysis shows that women have a high awareness of disasters and evacuation shelters, and the existence of children can make a difference in their awareness. It was confirmed that each bias affected the awareness of disasters and evacuation centers. There was not a large percentage of people who were willing to take dispersed evacuation in an emergency, but it is necessary to consider it as an evacuation method in an emergency.

 As some disasters over assuming level has are increasing, education on flood disaster is getting more necessary. However, development on the proper method isn’t enough and teachers pointed difficulty of the implementation derived from the contents and the present systems. To solve such issues, this study developed educational materials considered practical teaching methods. Through development of the materials based on opinions from teachers and practical implementation of lesson on flood disaster, we check possibility of improvement on not only contents, but also method. We reflected 8 important points based on pre-survey into the materials such as “Easy implementation and reduction of teaching load for teachers” and “Easy understanding and practical use for students.” Teachers in 4 model schools conducted flood disaster lessons with the materials. In results, the teachers considered such as educational guidance textbook or speech planning were assumed as better points for flood educational materials, and images or tools which students can understand unexperienced disasters easily, too. This research shows we need to develop educational materials and techniques which can support teachers’ lessons and students’ understanding to consider effective practical teaching method.

 An active learning program that has integrated contents of environment and disaster prevention has been conducted since 2009 for 4th grade students of Mabuchi Elementary School in Omihachiman city, Shiga prefecture. In this study, in order to verify the effect of this program, two kinds of questionnaire surveys were conducted and their responses were analyzed by cross tabulation and chi-square test.

 After learning in the program, the students had high level knowledge about evacuation routes and dangerous places in the school zone, evacuation timing, evacuation method, characteristics of local rivers and history of river restoration work as short-term learning effects. Furthermore, as long-term learning effects, junior high school students from Mabuchi Elementary School were more conscious of disaster prevention, e.g., awareness of flood damage such as reading hazard maps and river water level information, recognition of evacuation information issuance, and actual evacuation behavior, than students from other elementary schools. The results suggest the experience in the river and the active thinking process are affected by the local disaster prevention activities and the recent flood occurrence, and the effect is continuing.

 To achieve timely disaster response, it is critically important to learn lessons from past disasters, predict possible problems we may face in future disasters, and take necessary measures to prevent them. This study collected critical situations from the review reports of past flood disasters, defining critical situations as the situations in which local government officers had difficulties during an emergency response effort. As a result, typical critical situations were identified from the 516 cases classified in the chronological response categories. The causes and lessons for each typical critical situation were also analyzed in terms of “Skill”, “Procedure” and “Facilities” by using fishbone diagrams. Finally, a booklet entitled “Collection of Critical Situations during Flood Emergency Response,” for local government officers to learn the typical critical situarions, causes and lessons for future disasters.

 Japan is in the active phase of an earthquake, and countermeasures against earthquake fires in dense urban areas due to huge earthquakes have become an urgent issue. However, urban planning measures for dense urban areas have not progressed. Therefore, we paid attention to the promo-tion of town development by "green fire prevention effect". For that purpose, it is necessary to quantitatively analyze the effect of green building coverage and reduction of wooden building occupancy, and the effect of green maintenance. Therefore, we analyzed the system-determining factors using the experimental design method. As a result, it was possible to quantitatively show that the existing green has a high fire protection effect..

 Next, we held a green town development workshop. Specifically, we conducted a questionnaire to the participants and analyzed the changes in the residents' awareness of greening and the factors that contribute to the enhancement of greening awareness. As a result, we have summarized various findings for green maintenance.

 In recent years, the deterioration of local disaster prevention power due to the collapse of local communities has become a social problem. The authors paid attention to the decline of residents' association participation rate, the increase of single-person households due to the aging of local residents, the situation of voluntary disaster prevention organizations and residents' associations, and the transformation of the local community due to the consolidation and abolition of elementary schools.

 We investigated and analyzed the impact on local disaster prevention capabilities. In addition, we will describe an example of the regional disaster prevention capability of the local community, which places the elementary school at the center of the network that connects local residents.

 There was an example flooded by the heavy rain that the Residence Guidance Area that it appointed in Location Normalization Plan was caused by 2019 typhoons (Hagibis). When the local government decides on a residence guidance area, the area measure having disaster danger is left to a judgment of them. And, in many local governments, the inundation assumption area is the situation that is not excluded from the residence guidance area by Non Structural Measures. In this study, it carried it out for the purpose of clarifying the measure standard of the Inundation Assumption Area in Residence Guidance Area designation to aim at the reduction of the house guidance local Inundation Damage Risk. About possibility of the exclusion of the Inundation Assumption Area at the time of the Residence Guidance Area designation, inspected it based on a population of 2040. As a result, it clarified that the country should show “Exclude an area flooded more than 2 meters that the damage becomes heavy” and “Writing the measures of the inundation assumption area that the local governments were not able to exclude to the plan” in guidelines.

 In this study, it is assumed that multiple natural disasters and emergencies such as the spread of infectious diseases occur. Then, the issues concerning the establishment and management of evacuation shelters in basic municipalities will be clarified. Next, we will propose the mechanisms and systems that basic municipalities should have and countermeasures.

 Most of the nursery schools, which are employment support facilities, are open even when storm and flood damage is predicted. The reason for this is that it is the principle that the nursery school is opening, when a disaster is likely to occur. On the other hand, in recent heavy rain disasters, delay in evacuation exposed children and nursery school staff to dangerous situations in some cases. Therefore, in order to understand the actual situation that a nursery school is opening during a disaster, we conducted a quatuinnarie survey for the childcare departments of 673 municipalities with a population of 10,000 or more in 24 prefectures. Only 16% of the local governments decide to close the nursery school when the disaster risk increases. In order to improve the degree of disaster safety of nursery schools, it is necessary to form a social consensus that the nursery schools may be closed during a disaster.

 Several elderly facilities in Mihara city, Hiroshima Prefecture were damaged by flooding in the Nuta River basin in the the heavy rain event of July 2018. Interview surveys were conducted with staff members of the disaster-affected facilities on the damage situation, evacuation behavior and business continuity after the disaster. In order to confirm the results of the interview surveys, we conducted inundation trace surveys and numerical simulation of river inundation around these facilities. From this result, the followings were found. It was difficult to cooperate with the evacuees at the facilities that served as temporary evacuation sites. There is an urgent need to build an emergency assembly system for staff, secure collaborators at the time of evacuation, and formulate an evacuation security plan for flood damage. Maintaining employment during suspension of business due to the disaster is important for business continuity.

 We had estimated disaster prevention consciousness of residents from the interview survey and appeared transition of view-points in residents on the lifestyle every day and process of disaster occurrence by the workshops, in order to extract issues of the community disaster management plan along timeline. Furthermore we estimated the relation between the recognition of the community disaster management plan along timeline and their disaster prevention consciousness. Necessary tools had been provided for effective community disaster management plan through the activities of unstructure countermeasures. Hence numerical 14 analysis was executed the inland inundation in the objective area, which residents have not been interested in. This paper describes that how the activities of residents were bound to the community disaster management plan and what kinds of things need to do every day in lifestyle. It was shown that the recognition and the frequency of use of the simplified community disaster management plan improved through the events of the taking a walk and the cooking class.

 The nursery schools in Hiroshima prefecture, which were damaged by the heavy rain event of July 2018, rented other facilities to provide emergency childcare. We visited five nurseries, which were damaged by this disaster, and the nursery section of Hiroshima City. We conducted interview surveys on disaster response and childcare continuity. As four nurseries were required econstruction of facilities or large-scale repairs, they provided distributed childcare using multiple facilities or joint childcare at a other nursery school. It is important to consider a childcare continuation plan on the premise of a disaster at a nursery school that requires early recovery even after a disaster.

 The purpose of this study is to present a model for the formation of a community for disaster risk reduction with a shrines as core. For this purpose, we conducted a social experiment at Itate Shrine in Wakayama City. Isao area, where the Itate Shrine is located, is exposed to various disaster risks such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and landslides.

 The following are the issues related to disaster prevention. (1) Local residents are not aware of the potential for various disaster risks. (2) There is no effective evacuation plan in the region. (3) There is not enough interaction between residents.

 Therefore, in collaboration with local residents, priests of shrines, and academic experts, we created a "mubyo-sokusai map" integrating information on disasters and historical sites in the region.

 The Meitetsu building, whose main tenant is the Meitetsu department store located in Nagoya, having Meitetsu Nagoya Station in its 1st and 2nd floor of underground, being connected in the 1st floor of underground to the south fare gate of the Higashiyama subway station, the Sun-road and Gate-walk shopping malls, and the underground fare gate of Kintetsu Nagoya Station, forms a pedestrian traffic network with these railway stations and shopping malls. Evacuation simulations of all visitors in the building starting to evacuate at the same time have been conducted. Evacuees are instructed to go to 4 outdoor designated areas via sidewalks of evacuation routes. It has been found that huge evacuee traffic on sidewalks causes crowd congestion which in turn generates evacuation delays from the department store. However, these delays are found to be reduced by 17% via minimizing crowd congestion levels on sidewalks.

 A convetional method to estimate seismic hazard of urban buildings uses seismic amplification characteristics of subsurface soil layers and damage ratios of buildings which are achieved empirically. Though this method is easy to use, estimation results should have relatively large error because of the large uncertainty of the target phenomena. A purpose of this study is to construct a more accurate estimation method 8 of seismic hazard of urban buildings using numerical simulation in which seismic responses of all buildings are computed. For this purpose, authors had developed the method to construct the models of subsurface soil layers using borehole data. This study try to estimate the seismic hazard of urban area, which has approximately 100,000 buildings, by the numerical method. Finally, comparing the result with the one by a conventional method, the possibility of constructing hazard map by proposed method is discussed.

 In recent years, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is promoting the designation of sediment-related disaster warning areas as one of the measures against frequent sediment-related disasters. However, since the work requires a great deal of time and labor, efficiency improvement is required for continuous implementation.

 Therefore, we constructed a system that automatically sets the sediment-related disaster warning area from the topographical data using deep learning, but there was a problem of setteing the sediment-related disaster warning area that does not include the conservation target. In this study, we examined whether it is possible to reconfigure only the sediment-related disaster warning area including the conservation target by filtering the data indicating the building. As a result, it was confirmed that the sediment-related disaster warning area that does not include the conservation target can be deleted, and it was shown that it is useful for improving the efficiency of the work of designating the sediment-related disaster warning area.

 Due to the heavy rain event of July 2018, several nursery schools in Uwajima City were seriously damaged by river flooding and sediment-related disasters. The disaster affected nursery school continued to use the conference room at the city hall and the nearby nursery school. We conducted an interview survey with nursery school staff regarding emergency response and continuation of childcare in the event of a disaster. Through this survey, issues related to safety management during a heavy rain disaster and continuation of childcare after a disaster were identified.

 In Typhoon Hagibis in 2019, a elderly welfare facility and a welfare facility of the mentally handicapped persons suffered severe flood damage by the collapse of an embankment at the 0km point on the Oppe River. Interview surveys were conducted on these social welfare facilities regarding the damage situation, emergency response, and resumption of operations after the disaster. The inundation trace surveys and flood inundation analysis were conducted to deeply understand the actual damage situation. From these results, we focus on the difference between the characteristics of the welfare facilities for the elderly and the disability persons, extract the issues, and consider the points to consider when formulating an evacuation securement plan and a business continuity plan for social welfare facilities.

 The heavy rain event of July 2018 caused several severe flood disasters and landslide disasters. Some water supply facilities were damaged and the water supply was interrupted. Since water supply became difficult at water facilities, they received support from other facilities and responded to temporary facilities. We conducted interview surveys on the affected water supply facilities and summarized the way of initial response and the business continuity in the event of inundated damage.

 In the event of flood damage or landslide damage, the procedure from the initial response to the resumption of recovery was organized, and proactive measures for achieving early recovery were proposed.