Risk assessment was introduced when the Occupational Safety and Health Law amendments of 2006 in came into force in Japan. From then on, risk assessment has been implemented in the majority of construction companies.
 The number of accidents in the construction industry has been declining as a long-term trend. However, the number of fatal accidents has remained almost unchanged in recent years. Safety levels in the Japanese construction industry would rank within the top ten in the world. However, when compared with the number of fatalities per 100,000 construction workers in the UK, Japan's fatality rate is about three times higher than that of the UK.
 Why is risk assessment not showing a significant effect in Japan? We clarify the differences between the Japanese and UK legal systems, including risk management and actual site conditions, through interviews with administrative staff, clients, and constructors related to the construction industry in the UK. Based on this research, the future direction of safety and health in the construction industry in Japan is discussed.

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 A situation beyond assumption occurred by the eastern Japan great earthquake. As a result security of reconsideration and the system performance of BCP which prepared for occurrence of a situation beyond assumption is going to be purchased. But the method to estimate BCP which introduced resilience isn't established. So we aim at an area community by this research and make a questionnaire which marks the learning, the response, the attention and the foresight shown by resilience engineering. And evaluation technique of resilience is proposed. More questionnaire surveys are conducted in a various place area, and the validity of the resilience evaluation technique is inspected as well as it's considered about the difference in the protection against disasters consciousness between the area.

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 In repair plans to extend the bridge life, for example in case of a large scale disaster occurs, routine for execution of emergency inspection there are specified, however, index such as “robustness”, ”redundancy” and “fast-response”, of the so called resilience that evaluate the recovering ability are not considered. In governmental organizations, consideration of resilience philosophy, such as in case of evaluation of elaboration of BCP and earthquake counter-measures based on reliability analysis of road network considering resilience, is being studied nowadays. The present study attempts to evaluate repair plans to extend the structural life from 4 capability, namely , “respond”, “pay attention to”, “study” and “anticipate”.

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 Until now, the evacuation simulation to imagine what happens in disaster, evacuation, etc. can be visualized, it has been utilized in the disaster prevention education. However, they are intended to be reproduced in accordance with the rules determined from the initial setting, it is not utilized to be discussed unexpected situation. In this study pourpose, as a based on the resilient response of thinking, tools for a discussion of unexpected situation, considering of Using a participatory evacuation simulation system that can change the simulation conditions while discussed in the course simulation.

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 Resilience is noted for policy making to seek a more successful way to manage catastrophic risks. The objective of this study is to review and classify quantitative assessment methods for resilience by reviewing relevant assessment methodologies. As the result, we broke methodologies down into two types. One is “Pressure—response assessment” evaluating resilience capacity in terms of performance and time. The other is “Comprehensive assessment” which being composed of several indicators selected through learning from several experiences of past disasters. Furthermore, these two types of methods were divided into two in terms of actors: supply sectors; and demand sectors or community.

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 In this study, in particular, the authors are focusing on software measures of the companies for the largescale disaster such as Business Continuity Plan (BCP), and have investigated the possibilities and the way of mutual cooperation and collabolation for business continuity. However, the Great East Japan Earthequake has brought us the change of the consciousness to the preparedness for the large-scale disaster, such as earthquakes, volucanic eruptions, and flood damages. By comparing the results of hearing investigation before and after that Great Earthquake, the authors have examined the impact on the build-out process of mutual assistance between companies. A new structure called "Business Continuity Safety-Net" by the cooporation and agreement between companies is expected to its effectiveness, and to be beneficial to the enterprises which are struggling with self-help efforts.

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 This research was tried setting a time lime of flood disaster in social welfare facility. Investigation methods are an interview to 5 welfare facilities and analysis of data of the water level. 3 cases of readiness time was longer than evacuation time was safer. The time line indicated a country and a prefecture can't be applied to a social welfare facility, Because the target is a resident. The social welfare facility should have the original standard of evacuation behavior.

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 Preparing BCPs under the Basic law for inceasing national resiliency enacted on December 4, 2013 is a new challenge for major ports in Japan. In this regard, ISO22301 reqires BCP builders to undertake complihensive and sophisticated risk analysis and appraisal procedures including a business impact analysis and risk assessment, with which Japanese port experts are seeking proper procedure, methogologies, techniques and tools. This study discusses on the possible development of analysis aid tool for assisting port experts in undertaking systemic analysis of port business activities, reviewing operation resurces and identifying bottlenecks of resource mobilization at disaster areas.

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 BCP ; it is configured suppose outages of organization, evaluate the priority about core operation and develop the plan to continue them. BCM; it is configured BCP and PDCA activities and it has been used as an educational method of activating the organization. BCM activities are possible to realize teamwork, respond to changes in the social environment. The purpose of BCM is not only enhances the facilities but also human resource development. The goal of this paper is development of competencies that BCM leaders have, development of a virtual space experience training scenario for 3D-VR simulator.

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 Construction of power plants, foundation work, consisting of a wide variety of construction work, such as plant equipment work. And, civil engineering, technician electrical such as different engineering field, is a comprehensive construction project that works for the design conditions of the structure. However, if the cooperation design conditions is not sufficient, as a construction project, the optimal structures may not be said to have been built. As a result, total cost or increased, including the initial cost of the end construction projects, it is be a cause of the accident.
 Previous studies, plant equipment construction, is related to safety management and risk of foundation work such as individual construction were many. In this paper, as an example the power plant construction, and performs the following discussion from the point of view of risk management of large-scale construction projects that these individual construction work together with each other. The importance of design conditions cooperation, (1) "Challenges and countermeasures of ordering method of construction projects", to verify from the (2) "actually happened substation foundation displacement accident". And on whether or not the construction project order institutions can be involved in the design from the site preparation stage, we study (3) for "construction work scope and risk control the construction project ordering institutions to implement" the risk to the natural disaster (earthquake). From these, we describe the challenges and measures in the construction project of the design process.

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 If it's construction business, it's being talked about that there are most dead accidents in all the industries, and establishment of effective safety training is wished for. Various devices such as the occasion in which steel fell actually at a construction site and the interactive safety training which assumed the case when a worker fell are taken in it. But there is no end to accident by worried whole behavior caused by oversight, an attentiveness lack, a dangerous slight and accustoming. So the mechanism to aim at concentration to worker's work by this research and monitor the worried whole behavior which tends to happen at the time of non-concentration using a simple device was considered. Specifically, the state that a wristwatch with a sphygmograph was loaded It was so and I worked and acquired time series data of a pulse in real time. I calculated the feature quantity of the integral value and the finite difference value from acquired data, inspected about concentration to work and relationship with a pulse based on its price and considered the monitoring technique of the pulse pattern when not concentrating.

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 Drilling rigs and mobile cranes are heavy machinery used on construction sites. Overturning accidents frequently occur. Differential settlement between a set of crawlers caused to tilt so that the machineries became unstable. A position of acting load the steel plates varies when machineries propel themselves. An acting pressure through the steel plates increases the position to the edge of the steel plate and then settlement increase. Two sets of the steel plates and placed by layer to reduce the puressure. In addition, these layout should be arranged to distribute the puressure.
 This study set out to determine the optimum layout of a steel plate to prevent accidents involving the overturning of large-scale construction machinery. Loading tests using a 1/10-scale model of the steel plate were performed, to investigate the decrease in the pressure acting on the bearing ground. It was found that the reduction in the pressure acting on the ground differed depending on the positioning of the steel plate.

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 Risk assessment education is being conducted at numerous enterprises, including public institutions. At the same time, according to statistics from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, in the general construction business the tendency to consider risk assessment to be of little consequence due to a lack of accidents or because simply complying with laws and regulations is considered enough shows an increasing trend from 2005 to 2013 (surveys were conducted in the preceding years). Risk assessment can be considered an effective measure both for identifying the locations of danger and dangerous tasks and for prioritizing and visualizing improvements through quantifying and assessing the extent of their danger and the likelihood of an accident occurring, to give all related parties an opportunity to think about reducing risks. Accordingly, we examined what kinds of measures should be implemented to improve the quality of risk assessment education, through actual practice conducted from 2011 through 2014. Especially, Risk assessment promoters of each department play important roles in our company.

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 The wooden dense urban area, earthquake fire protection has become a pressing issue. However, earthquake fire, a how dangerous, it is difficult for any such measures is to imagine whether valid. Therefore, soft, hard measures has been delayed.
 So, not only the fire risk of earthquake fire, fire heat risk analysis system of shelter as well as to develop a simulation system that incorporates the effect of the fire trees. Then, the developed system, is positioned in disaster mitigation plan in the district disaster management plan. And, to target the Tachibana district in Matsuyama, to consider the safety of the existing shelter. Finally, we will report on ensuring the safety of the shelter by the fire trees.

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 In making the decision-making of crisis management for the volcanic eruption, one of the most difficult aspects is the interpretation of the volcano observation data. Depending on the volcano observation data and, if it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the risk of volcanic eruptions, it is an important information for supporting crisis management decisions during volcanic eruptions.
 In the present study, it was quantitatively evaluated by the eruption probability the risk of volcanic eruption. Specifically, targeting the 2014 crisis of Ontake, the data of the number of occurrences of volcanic earthquakes and volcanic tremors were used, it was estimated the eruption probability by Bayesian estimation, and quantitatively the risk of volcanic eruption was evaluated.

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 In the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake, the railroad network was broken down and many people wandered around the street. In this study, the map was developed to support return home of wandering people at time of the wide spread disaster. Study site is Osaka bay area where it is expected that the coastal area will suffer severe damage by Nankai Trough earthquake in the near future. In this paper, the results of before and after questionary investigations are reported. There are some improvements in developed map, however, it is clarified that residents and railroad users think print map is useful.

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 Japan of the declining birthrate and aging problem is serious. In Shikoku, it has progressed about 10 years earlier as compared to the national average. Regional cities to decline, an increase of shutter mall and vacant houses has become a fear factor at the time of crime prevention and disaster. Under these circumstances, there is Takamatsu Marugame shopping street that has been attracting attention from all over the country as playing a successful model of regional shopping district. The feature of this city is one in which shopping district and residential area are integrated. Gently to elderly and disabled people, it is a convenient compact city also such as employment and cultural activities, shopping, hospitals returnable. On the other hand, Shikoku is, by the Nankai Trough great earthquake occurrence is expected, serious damage has been assumed, possession of disaster prevention force is important in urban regeneration.
 In this paper, we evaluate the disaster prevention force of the case being evaluated with local urban re generation success model, and local creation that the government proceed, described the results of studies about what can be deployed as a model of municipal Land, toughening plan.

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 The Ayerwaddy Region of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, facing the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea, was hit by Cyclone Nargis in May 2008. The cyclone caused a huge storm surge and brought about 140,000 death or missing. The Project on Establishment of End-to-End Early Warning System for Natural Disaster in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (JICA project) has been conducted to mitigate such disaster which would be caused by a cyclone at the coastal area of Myanmar.
 The authors participated in this Project and found it is important to transfer technology to observe and predict future tide level more precisely in the coastal area so that residents can take proper evacuation actions well before a storm surge hits.
 The authors therefore introduced a simple observation method of tide level using a ribbon rod and carried out training for engineers and officers in charge so that they can measure and predict tide levels for themselves in an easy and sustainable way.

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 The Yonmenkaigi System Method (YSM) is utilized to frame up a action plan for the purpose of com munity vitalization of a flood disaster damaged community in Korea. The case study of a YSM workshop was carried out in the Garisan-ri community, County of Inje, Province of Gangwon in 2014 shows how local people who have conducted the Garisan-ri disaster prevention education camp since 2012 can improve awareness of issues and make an collaborative action plan to create a new disaster education program for their community vitalization. The YSM is divided into four steps as follows: 1) realize the current situation by a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis, 2) develop the action plans of each group using by a Yonmenkaigi Chart, 3) debate between groups to crrect the flaw of action plans, and 4) complete an collaborative group action plan. In order to structuralize the execution priority order of action plan items, we analyze relationships between action plan items intended for creating a new education program in the Garisan-ri disaster prevention education camp by the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method.

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 The risk management in the heavy rain disaster which occurs frequently in recent years becomes the urgent problem. Flood damage has occurred in a wide area in Kochi Prefecture and in Tokushima Prefecuture by the typhoon No. 12 and No. 11 of 2014. Emergency restoration for business continuity were performed at the school or the day-care center which received a flood damage. We were conducted the interview survey for staff of the school or the day-care centers affected by a heavy rain disaster about the disaster situation and the response of post-disaster. Most facilities received the support of the administration, the guardian and the volunteer, and had restarted the business at the early stage.

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 In the field of road safety represented by a car or a plane, the danger foresight training using CG and the simulator which assumed a scenario tied to an accident as education to evade an accident is carried out positively. It is said that simulated experience is effective as for the education to improve sensitivity to danger in this way. Therefore, in this study, I developed the simulator which could reproduce a series of rain patterns before and after the meteorological disaster outbreak that occurred in the past by augmented reality. Furthermore, the refuge action at an earlier stage suggested structure of produced disaster prevention education by letting a timing and the damage situation that damage produced really cope at the same time to watch the rain at the time of the disaster by the simulator which I developed. Furthermore, in a disaster prevention drill hosted by Takatsuki-city, practice structure of the disaster prevention education that suggested for citizens; the relations of sensitivity and the refuge action to danger a human being recognition reliability model (HCR) I inspected it using Human Cognitive Reliability).

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 In order to enhance the local disaster prevention force, disaster prevention education and district disaster management plan is required. This study, as the target of the Hub elementary school to upper grades of in Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture, was carried out disaster prevention education using the spread fire simulator in greate eartquake. As a result, only the seismic spread fire simulator, it was possible to show that there is a difference in conscious change in the group of operating the simulator to evacuate from them. But then it should use the two months simulator, at the same time as it is lowered consciousness, it was possible to suggest the need for continuous disaster prevention education.

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 The disaster prevention education in an elementary school has carried out after the Great East Japan earthquake. Because each school area has character of their own, it needs to accumulate the experience for making education plan. Through a participation observation and a questioner survey at an elementary school in the hilly rural area, we discuss how to extend the effect of the disaster prevention education to the regional community. As the result, the key residents who consider the children's opinion, the school acceptance of the regional activity, and the facilitation by the NPO and the research institute are important factors.

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 To realize an evacuation drill in which participants are expected to show their active roles, an experimental drill was conducted by instructing participants which way to go whenever they pass check points. The experiment of 75 student participation was done as part of a campus wide evacuation drill in which more than 3000 people were involved. Multiple routes were randomly selected and instructed on check points if they locate within an area where building collapses or fires might occur. According to our poll, 86% of the participants scored easy for maneuvering smartphone interfaces and 87% could follow the instructions correctly given by our system.

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 Improvement of disaster prevention facility for a flood is necessary long time and a large amount of budget. The minimization of flood damage is incomplete without enhancement of soft measures in addition to hard measures. The serious flood damage due to Typhoon No. 1411 has occurred in Naka town, Tokushima Prefecture. We analyzed the relationships between the disaster information providing by administration and evacuation of residents. Based on the results, we have developed the disaster management action plan which is called “Timeline” of government and residents.

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 In the Great East Japan Earthquake, many schools were damaged by earthquake and tsunami, and a number of students and teachers died. We extracted important problems from many cases of kindergartens damaged by this disaster. To cope with these problems, we examined the sophistication of tsunami evacuation behavior in kindergarten by training method using the disaster action card.
 In kindergarten, We set the mission in an evacuation behavior, we have created the disaster action card that is based on the mission. We conducted evacuation drills using the disaster action card and evaluation meetings just after the drills. We improved the disaster action card by the review of the drill. We realized the continuous improvement of tsunami evacuation drills in such a PDCA cycle.

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 Many people passed away by the Great East Japan Earthquake which occurred on March 11, 2011. Especially, on the occasion of evacuation from tsunami with rare generating frequency, psychological factors affected in negative way. Although research on this problem has been done by social psychology researchers from a viewpoint of disaster psychology, the research which analyzed the individual psychological factors from the viewpoint of civil engineering technology is not found.
 So, in this research, the case of a kindergarten which might not have realized the emergency of the tsunami and caused many victims, and the case of an elementary school in which illusion delays evacuation behavior were analyzed from a viewpoint of social psychology. Based on the three intentionalities of collectivity, achievement and autonomy developed by one of the authors, humans' original instincts and desires were used. Then the fundamental data for analysing future strategy of evacuation behavior were discussed.

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 The objective of this paper is to study on bus operation as substitute for urban railway after big earthquake in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Firstly, the facilities that can be a candidate for the bus yard were extracted using google map and street view function. Secondly, transportation capacity in the case of operating the substitute bus in two sections was estimated and sensitivity analysis on the impact factors on transportation capacity was performed. The results of this study showed that ring route is more effective than radial route, and travel distance and scheduled speed have influence to transportation capacity.

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 For heavy rainfall-related disasters, Huge Nankai quake and powerful Tokyo inland earthquake, many local governments have been developing and operating information sharing systems that use ICT/Web technology. Those approaches improve frameworks in the organization, but they don't reach the goal for inter-departmental cooperation yet.
 This paper shows a solution for development of an information sharing frameworks during disasters, through analyzing the information fields in their each system between disaster prevention and medical affairs department.

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 The role of local government officials in emergency period after disaster occurred are exceedingly important. It is necessary for effect responses to prepare the emergency operations plan before disaster occurred. This study examines perceptions of local government officials related to business continuity plan. The research area is Naruto City in Tokushima Prefecture. The results shows that local government officials recognized importance of resources related to life in emergency period and living materials for the support service. Another results indicate that perceptions of emergency response issues and important operation contents are mostly related, on the other hand a little part are not found relevant.

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