This article introduces the state of the art of Digital Textbooks. Many countries started experiments to introduce them. Also, discussions for technical specifications have been started in various organizations. On the other hand, there is a major debate to introduce Digital Textbooks or not. It shows a functional limit of electronic device and contents: critical aspect of learning success depends on classroom activities lead by teachers. Also, this article shows some options of file formats for Digital Textbooks. Currently, ePub3 and EDUPUB (ePub3 extension) is a major candidate of this file format. This article also introduces various activities to develop specifications of digital textbooks, including overview of EDUPUB specification. Standard specification will bring advantages both to developer side and user side. Currently, IEEE, CEN and IMS are trying to develop their specifications of digital textbooks, but the most influential one is called EDUPUB by IDPF, IMS and W3C. All draft specifications are open, so any stakeholders are able to reflect their own opinions and develop their own products based on the specification. EDUPUB discussions are still ongoing, so their contents are subject to change and enhance in the near future.

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Most of the previous research about ICT utilization in Chinese education and learning has mainly been focused on e-learning material development, content development, and quantitative analysis of learners' grammatical knowledge. There have been few researches that analyzed the effectiveness of distance learning on high school Chinese classes. In this study, Chinese classes were practiced in high school with blended learning interactional design, which utilized the distance learning between Japan and China. In addition, this practice was based on the theories of human centered design and motivational design for learning. This study aimed to explore the learners' learning experience and its interpretation by analyzing the learning achievement of learners with the mixed methods.

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This paper discusses an educational practice on the subject of problem solving in organization for third year university students. The goal is to foster the understanding about the importance of finding and solving problems in organization as well as improvement of members' motivation and continuous learning. Since these topics could be difficult for the learners to understand through the traditional lecture, the course was designed to exploit the documentary video content dealing with an actual organization management and online report submission to share learners' opinions. Evaluation results indicate that the course objective was successfully achieved in terms of learners' comprehension and motivation.

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