This paper proposed a construction method of biomimicry design methodology via learning from nature plants and animals. Some design principles are extracted via proposed construction processes. Actual design example which treats wet dirt constantly is validated. As a result, current design problem is surely improved by some found analogies which are acquired by mole and mole cricket.

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This paper describes the design of a new hierarchical contact serach algorithm for the isogeometric analysis. Isogeometric analysis is a kind of finite element analysis, using NURBS, which is the standard basis functions for representing arbitrary shapes in the CAD field, as its basis functions. The proposed contact search algorithm, which mainly deals with global search process, utilizes a hierarchical AABB tree that is based on knot spans and constructed from the corresponding control points, along with adding newly generated virtual control points by repeeatedly inserting new knot values. The design of the proposed algorithm is thoroughly described and its memory usage and computational intensity is quantitatively investigated.

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This study deals with a ubiquitous learning support system for isogeometric analysis (IGA), a kind of the finite element method with NURBS basis functions. Isogeometric analysis does not need any mesh generation process, which is the most time- consuming process in practical finite element analyses, but directly uses geometry data generated in the CAD system, where geometries of objects are defined with the NURBS basis functions. As NURBS basis functions are much more complicated than those of conventional FEM, it is difficult for users/learners to get clear understanding of them and the IGA. The proposed system consists of three sub-systems: a graph display system for NURBS basis functions, a parallel isogeometric analysis system and a 3D visualization system for IGA. All of the systems are designed and implemented to mobile devices based on the Android OS, which realizes the ubiquitousness of the proposed system.

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Conceptual design is the generation process of a candidate architecture that satisfies given requirements through generation of function structure, search for working principles and elaboration of the principles. This design phase plays an important role to develop a product in a short term, and therefor it has been strongly desired to develop computer support technology for this phase. There have been numerous works on computer support of conceptual design and a lot of discussion has been performed. Those works presuppose that requirements for the product have been defined clearly. However, it is actually hard to define and describe customers' requirements accurately. Therefore, the initial requirements input to conceptual design phase are ambiguous, and are corrected and detalied in the conceptual design phase. This paper describes an approach for generating function structure with correcting and detailing requirements. In this approach, a functions is described by a verb and a noun (an object), and a function structure is modeled by a tree. A noun is a function can be detailed by using a database of objects and those relations. A verb in a function expresses state transitions of a real object which are necessary to satisfy the function. Therefore, by using a database of state transitions involving by a verb, ambiguous requirements can be corrected in the process of function decomposition. By implementing those databases and interfaces for interactive design between the designer and the customer, it is possible to realize computer support of conceptual design considering ambiguity of requirements.

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Recently, the remote communication through the Internet has been performed actively. And the remote communication system using avatars are very popular especially in Japan. However, the avatars using in communication are not reflecting the users in many cases, because they are made by themselves using the application soft which is prepared in remote communication support system. As a result, the remote friends can't recall the users from their avatars so much. In this research, we have proposed an avatar generating method. In this proposed method, the avatar is made by composition of the portraits which are made by user's friends. We have developed the prototype sytems for making portraits and for making the avatar by composing some portraits. In this paper, we describe these methods and systems to make the portrait and to make the avatar. And also we performed the experiments to confirm the usability of the proposed system and the quality of avatars which are made by using the proposed system. As a result of experiment, it is revealed that the avatar, which is made by the proposed system, tends to be loved by the user and their friends.

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In this study, we develop a control system for head motion of an average facial color image avatar called FaceAvatar based on laser pointer tracking. The system consists of a laser pointer, a screen, a projector, a PC and a USB camera. Computer graphics of FaceAvatar is projected on the screen through the projector from the PC. Users operate laser pointer to express head motion of FaceAvatar. There are two types of the operational method of the system: wireless and pointer rod. The position data of tracked-laser pointer send to the PC through the USB camera. The effectiveness of the system is confirmed by demontration.

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We have already developed a speech-driven embodied entrainment CG character system called "InterActor" which automatically generates communicative motions and actions such as nods for entrained interaction from speech rhythm based on only voice input. Furthermore, we have developed an advanced system using InterActor which includes the expressed function of motions and emotional expressions from the meaning of utterance by speech recognition, as well as the entrained function. In this system, talker's utterance is converted to text by speech recognition, and specific character strings are detected from the converted text by a database where 105 words for 434 motions and emotional expressions are registered. Then, the system automatically generates emotional expressions and motions that correspond to the detected character strings. In this paper, the effectiveness of the system is demonstrated by the sensory evaluation in the remote communication experiment for 12 pairs of 24 subjects, under three conditions: InterActor, a CG character with the expressed function, and InterActor with the expressed function (the developed system).

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This study proposes an evaluation model of business value which provides information for more reliable decision making considering its uncertainty, to create strategic options of product development projects which involves various uncertain factors throughout the life cycle stages. In order to support the modeling process of the reverse profit-loss calculation, this paper proposes a calculation method of business value based on empirical relationships between the variables by classifying uncertain variables and fixed variables, and via analyzing dependency between variables using Design Structure Matrix. The value of the product development project is evaluated as EPV (expected present value) and NPV (Net Present Value). A generation method of the strategic options and project activities is proposed based on the calculation of EPV and NPV. A portfolio method is presented to select best strategic options which make largest project value. Project manager can compare the strategic option's overall profit by calculating its cost and income. Proposed models and methodology is applied to the product development project its name is i-painter. I-painter is a wall-repairing robot for developing countries. I-painter is mechatronics machinery which has new function, new structure, and new market. A prototype of i-painter is developed and evaluated. Via estimation of the project value of i-painter, contributions of applying proposed model are confirmed. There are two contributions. The project manager can (1) select best strategic options, and (2) quit the development project with less cost from early lifecycle stage.

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Today's firms such as Joint-stock company are gradually becoming not domestic one but global firm. Marketing is becoming global. Purchasing, supply-chain, fabrication, design and development are also. Uncertainty caused by cultural/legal/geographical issues have great impacts on the global management. This research proposes a support system for decision making such global product development considering uncertainty. In order to consider many kinds of uncertainty, this research proposed a strategic scenario which represents a set of selected strategic options. Strategic options describe the candidates which are selectable during project. EPV (expected present value) estimation system is proposed and implemented to confirm the effectiveness of proposed method. A project i-painter is evaluated based on the implemented prototype system.

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MOT (Management of Technology) is defined as an academic discipline of management that enables organizations to manage their technological fundamentals to create competitive advantage. MOT covers a wide range of contents including administrative strategy, R&D management, manufacturing management, technology transfer, production control, marketing, accounting, finance, business ethics, and others. MOT research has been conducted at various levels for each kind of these contents. This made it difficult to understand an overall picture of the MOT research field. Finding research trends in MOT is useful for understanding the key concepts of current MOT. This paper studied spontaneously arising research trends, or bottom-up trends, in MOT by applying a text-mining method to the conference proceedings of IAMOT (International Association for Management of Technology). It was found that the use of a keyword representing a bottom-up research trend has qualitatively and quantitatively extended over time. Finally, we detected a change in the research stream and discussed the effects of the social situation on the research trend.

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The purpose of this paper is to make clear the actual state of management strategy, specifically, whether or not the management strategy is well functioned in terms of long term profitability, with regard to the companies which belong to the strategic groups in the construction industry of Japan consisting of the general contractors, EPC contractors and residential housing constructors after 2000s. The research is mainly focused on the general contractors. The 49 listed companies with the sales amount of more than 100 billion yen are selected in the construction industry and the sales amount and ROS of these companies over the past 40 year were researched every strategic group (the general contractor group, EPC contractor group and residential housing contractor group) in order to know whether the management strategy of each company was well functioned or not. No companies in the general contractor group, two companies in EPC contractor group and one company in residential housing constructor group are found to well function with regard to the management strategy as far as the analysis of sales amount and ROS is concerned this time. Some strategic actions to the general contractors by the stake holders observed after 2000 up to now are explained to some extent by use of the result of this research.

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In my paper, the approach and ways of the high-level integration for group operation in petrochemical complex are analyzed, the meaning of the plan is declared, and the economy that arises from the group operation business is examined. The 'common integration' is defined as the concept of presenting economic effects, observed from the development of complexes in Japan, caused by group operation. I describe the formation and development of petrochemical complex in Japan, and the approach and ways of business cooperation in petrochemical complex. RING is taken as the primary case. RING is an organization with the help of government subsidies for the purpose of the competitive edge strengthening and the reorganization of petrochemical complexes. RING was established in order to find new methods of integrated management, develop some latest technologies, and aim at efficiency improvement and optimization. The meaning of RING projects will be asserted. Cooperation with some businesses would be effective for energy conservation and environmental measures, and would advance the possibility to achieve social interests. Also, group operation would break the stoppage and promote innovations of manufacturing technology one after another.

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In order to evaluate the right effectiveness of installation of a dental computer system, a correct estimation method of improved value by installed dental computer system. This paper proposes a modeling method to describe, simulate, and visualize a providing process of dental medical service on the computer. Proposed modeling method enables dentists to understand the change impacts on the service providing processes and total performance of the dental clinic. Based on design example and application study, not only efficiency such as eliminating simple mistakes but also efficacy such as informed consent and communication with patients are evaluated.

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It is necessary to design the new concept of the space vehicles in order to survive the space market in the world. However, although concept design is particularly important in space vehicle development to add value and reliability, it is difficult to apply conventional shape-based CAD/CAE systems to the concept design stage due to the lack of detailed design information at that stage. In this paper, we suggest the new design method (Product and Operation design method) that can support concept design of space vehicles by many kinds of Products and Operations produced by orthogonal table. By using this design method, we can design space vehicles in comparison with another design plans, and design the new space vehicles (e.g., multi-purpose space vehicles, or constellation satellites.). The prototype system based on the design method is implemented, and some examples applied for the concept design of super-sonic vehicle "SEED" are shown.

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It is necessary to design the new concept of the space vehicles in order to survive the space market in the world. In previous paper (report 1), we suggest the new design method "Product and Operation design method" that can support concept design of space vehicles by many kinds of Products and Operations produced by orthogonal table. By using this new design method, we can compare two different types of Products (or Operations) in quantitatively, and we can get parameter area of Products and Operations that can meet the design requirements. Usually it is difficult to apply sensitivity analysis to cencept design phase, because engineers cannot define control factors and noise factors quantitatively. In this paper, we suggest a new sensitivity analysis method "Product and Operation sensitivity analysis method" that can be applied for concept design phase without defining control factors and noise factors. The prototype system based on this method is implemented, and some examples are shown.

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Aluminum products are becoming popular and the demand is increasing because of its special properties such as excellent corrosion resistance with good strength, recyclable and low density compared to steel. Currently, two methods used to recycle aluminum chips are conventional and direct conversion methods. Recycling of aluminum chips by the direct conversion methods is relatively simple, consumed less energy and do not harm the environment. The cost of recycled materials is much lower than the cost of primary aluminum production by conventional technique. This paper reviews the recycling technologies of aluminum chips using powder retallurgy technique.

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Robotic arm control technique has become important over a wide range of applications not only for manufacturing robots, but also surgery robots, rescue robots, etc. As for another potential application of robotic arm, the authors have proposed ARM-COMS (ARm-supported eMbodied COmmunication Monitor System) concept to support human-romot communication with the integrated combination of ICT tablet device and desktop robotic arm to autonomously manipulate the device. In order to implement ARM-COMS cencept, the critical three challenges are under study by the authors. These three challenges include Autonomous Position control (AP), Autonomous Entrainment Movement control (AEM) and Autonomous Entrainment Position control (AEP). This paper mainly focuses on the arm control technique for these three challenges to manipulate the device autonomously. Reviewing the existing arm control technique in various applications, this paper discusses the available technique applicable for ARM-COMS control and proposes a new framework on solving the identified challenges.

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This project is focusing on enhance image for visual corrosion inspection. Corrosion inspection which have particularly challenging environmental conditions and characteristics, increases the complexity of the inspection operation. By using software image filter to enhance the image data, it is believe that the object recognition technique will be able to evaluate the image data accurately. A few software filters have been identified in this works based on textural feature and colour progression factor that are the characteristics of image corrosion. Therefore, in order to obtain the best image enhancement, neural network is use for optimization. The optimizations of wavelet de-noising filter via network to enhance images, were used for analysis of multi filter network for visual corrosion inspection image. The analysis outcome shows visual corrosion inspection image can be enhanced using multi filter network, and gives desirable result in terms of Mean Square Error and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio.

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Aligned carbon nanotube (A-CNT) has been widely studied due to their extensive potential applications. Despite the fact that catalyst chemical vapor deposition (C-CVD) process influences A-CNT growth, catalyst and catalyst-support thin films preparation is also another major key role. Challenges and future perspectives in the A-CNT growth will also be discussed. Carbon nanomaterial especially CNT possesses remarkably significant achievements towards the development of sustainable energy storage applications. As compared to the entangled CNTs, aligned or well organized CNTs have advantages in specific surface area and ion accessibility in which, more electrolyte ions can access to CNT surfaces for better charge storage performance. CVD known as the most popular technique to produce CNTs enables the use of various substrates and CNT can grow in a variety of forms, such as powder, films, aligned or entangled. Also, CVD is a simple and economic technique, and has good controllability of direction and CNT dimension. High purity of as-grown CNTs is also another beauty of the CVD technique. The current trend and performance of devices utilizing CNTs as electrode material is also extensively discussed.

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An Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) is a set of cooperative driverless vehicle, used on manufacturing floor and coordinated by a centralized or distributed computer-based control system. The main focus of this study is to develop an AGV with the convenient materials, simple and more importantly reducing the cost and increasing the flexibility. For this purpose the AGV is basically modeled and designed where the flexibility of the system is improved through the capability of the AGV to pull/bring trollies in a manufacturing environment by lifting up the trolley using an electrical car jack. Moreover, the AGV is to be used for educational purposes.

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The tool performance of uncoated carbide insert, CNGG 12408-SGF-H13A, in turning the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI with 32 HRC was investigated. The objective of this study is to investigate the tool wear progression during finish turning of the titanium alloy using different combinations of cutting parameter values. A high cutting speed range for the uncoated carbide insert was used to cut Ti-6Al-4V ELI under flooded conditions. The cutting parameters were chosen based on the experimental design. In particular, the Box-Behnken design was used to determine 17 parameter combinations. The three main factors considered were the cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The cutting speeds were 120, 170, and 220 m/min; the feed rate values were 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mm/rev; and the depths of cut were 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 mm. The results show that the cutting speed had the greatest effect on the tool life, followed by the feed rate and depth of cut. The optimum combination of cutting parameters is as follows: a cutting speed of 220 m/min, a feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 0.5 mm. Moreover, the shortest tool life was 1.2 min, whereas the longest was 42.2 min. Analysis of the wear mechanisms indicate that flank and crater wear are the major types of failure in titanium alloy turning.

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In this project, we focus on the fabrication of energy device, namely, supercapacitor by using an equal weight ratio of nanocarbons as electrode material. Supercapacitor works as energy storage due to its high power density and excellent cycling stability. This work covers the effect of various compositions of carbon nanotube, graphene, and activated carbon in different electrolytes. Electrolytes are presented by lithium ion electrolyte and also aqueous solutions like sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide. Electrochamical performance including capacitance from cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge analysis will be provided to determine the suitability of the supercapacitor towards potential commercialization.

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This paper study the effect of three different numerical cutting parameters on surface roughness using during high speed machining. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect machining parameters of AISI D2 tool steel using an insert end mill. The experiment work plan was carried out using Box-Behken techniques, a part of response surface methodology (RSM) approach. The effect of variable milling cutting parameters were studied to evaluate their effects on surface roughness. In this study, the cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and width of cut were in the range of 100-200 m/min, 0.1-0.3 mm/tooth, 0.2 mm and 2.0-8.0 mm respectively. The effect of input factors that on the responds were identified by using mean of ANOVA. The responds of surface roughness then simultaneously optimized. The validation of the test reveals the model accuracy 9%.

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This study focused on human error made in assemly processes that can lead to product defects. The assembly process flow of the product was the first step to begin this study, and there were a total of nine processes involved in the production. The cycle time used to complete every process at all workstations were measured and recorded. Finally, the data on the defects on each part of the product were collected and analyzed. Human error was one of the major sources of product defects in pager assembly, where it contributed 17.69%. There were a total of 97 defects due to human errors during the manual assembly. It was observed that the number of human errors was higher in tasks which involved higher number of steps or/and required specific skills. Time pressure can also influence the occurrence of human errors, where the relationship between time pressure and human error can be represented using a U-model. where overly low and overly high production can lead to greater number of human error.

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This study presents collaboration between a textile manufacturing company in Malaysia and Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. In this Company-University Collaboration (CUC), Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) was introduced in the company to improve the time-consuming changeover process of its stamping machine. The framework of this study involves data collection stage, analysing stage and evaluation stage which are steps required to be fulfilled in SMED implementation. Previously, the changeover time of the stamping machine in average is 5.19 hours. After the implementation of SMED, the changeover time of the stamping machine was reduced to 3.83 hours in average or 23.59% reduction from previous changeover time. The improvements made are 5S, using jig in mould alignment and creating a new system in assisting pressure settings. In conclusion, the collaboration is shown to be feasible in supporting SMED implementation in the textile manufacturing company.

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The formation of nanosized catalyst particles from Fe- and Co-based functional solution is very important for carbon nanotube growth. The most critical factor is the uniformity of catalyst thin film thickness, because roughened surface may directly affect the size of the particles. In order to achieve good uniformity, there are few spin coating parameter need to be controlled during the spin coating process; e.g., volumes of solution, rotation speeds, and spin time. Appropriate temperature during heat treatment is another critical factor for the nanoparticle formation due to its ability to develop nanoparticle dimension consistent to that of original thickness.

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Productivity is one of the most important criteria in manufacturing industry and it has a significant impact on quality, delivery and cost. Many factors including lead time, manpower and production process need to be properly designed in order to obtain better productivity. So that, the right components can be delivered at the right time and at the right quantity. The purpose of this study is to introduce a systematic improvement method for increasing productivity of the battery assembly production line at a multi-national company in Penang, Malaysia. Some lean tools, for instance, Just in Time (JIT), Pull System and Setup Reduction can be considered towards achieving the objectives that had been set for this study. Time study has been used as data collection method in which time required for each sub assembly process has been taken accordingly. The data has been plotted in a bar chart for line balancing analysis. Then, the data was analyzed using Yamazumi Chart to segregate between necessary and unnecessary elements in sub assembly processes and also to determine which sub assembly processes or activities that can be combined together with minimum cycle time. As a result, the workstation has been reduced from 17 to 15 workstations in which the productivity has increased from 87% to 120%. The combination of appropriate sub assembly processes has reduced the manufacturing lead time which is inversely proportional to productivity rate.

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In Line Balancing principles, the total workload in the assembly process is divided as evenly as possible among the workstations, without violating the sequences and relations in the assembly operations. Line balancing is important in an assembly system as it balances the line and increases a system's efficiency as well as productivity. A case study was conducted in one assembly line of an electrical accessories manufacturer in Malaysia. The cycle time for each station was recorded and standard cycle time was estimated. The productivity and efficiency of the current assembly line were studied. The efficiency of the current assembly line was 77.36%, which was considerably low. In terms of productivity, current systems performance was 311 units/worker/day, while the expected productivity was 333 units/worker/day. A different assembly line setting was proposed based on Line Balancing Method, and the efficiency of the assembly line improved to 89.13%, and productivity for the proposed line increased to 345 units/worker/day or in rough additional increase around 11 percent.

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This paper focuses on the investigation of cutting parameter on Kerf width using wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) of Inconel 718. The effect of three numerical parameters, namely the voltage gap, feed rate, and current are being studied in this experiment. Response surface methodology was selected as designs of experiment (DOE). ANOVA shows that feed rate significantly affects the size of Kerf width compared to other parameters. The optimization is done after the experiment has been validated by using the random parameter and optimized parameter. The error obtained when using random parameter is 5% and 4% for the optimized parameter. The best combination of optimized parameter of minimum Kerf width is fz=0.86 mm/min, V=41 V and I=7A in as to obtain a Kerf width of 325.12μm.

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This article presents the tool life study of two different grades of Inconel 718. Tool life of ball nose cutting tools were investigated by considering the numerical parameters of cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and width of cut. The categorical factor is material grade. Two sets of different cutting parameters that were previously using design of experiment (DOE) approaches were combined and analysed using historical data of response surface methodology (RSM). This method can be used to determine the dominant factors to identify the interaction between cutting parameter and tool life. ANOVA result shows that the type of material with different grade is not significant in contributing to tool life compared to width of cut, cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The best combination for untreated Inconel 718 is Vc = 102 m/min, fz = 0.11 mm/tooth, ap = 0.52 mm and ae = 0.28 mm in order to obtain predicted too life of 127 min, whereas the best combination of double aging is Vc = 114 m/min, fz 0.11 mm/tooth, ap 0.61 and ae 0.21 to obtain 113 min of tool life. The study shows that Historical Data method is suitable for finding the optimization condition from different DOE approaches.

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This paper presents the design and optimization of runner and gating systems for permanent mould casting. Fluid flow effect influences the casting quality. The design parameters for permanent mould casting were indentified. The generation of runner and gating system were selected. There were four design concepts to simulate the static pressures, velocity magnitude, turbulence kinetic energy, internal energy and cell Reynolds numbers. Transient and turbulence flow model for LM6 material were applied to the design and simulation. The selection of design concept was introduced. The simulation result shows the design of runner and gating systems good agreement with the casting quality.

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It is possible to fold the magnetic flux by combining the magnetic and non-magnetic material. I design the damping force control valve which can apply magnetic flux to the MR fluid by folding the flux. Folding of the magnetic flux allows MR fluid to generate a high damping force. In comparison with the normal damping force control valve, it is possible to generate a yield stress of about 1.5 times in the damping force control valve by folding magnetic flux.

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Vibration suppression is one of the most important problems in the design and operation of space structures. Due to limited launch capabilities, such structures need to be extremely light-weight although some structures succumb to vibrations because of their low structural stiffness. Moreover, vibrational energies are hard to disperse in the vacuum of space, in contrast to ground environments. These problems can be overcome by vibration control schemes. Vibration control schemes can be categorized into three types: active, passive and semi-active. The semi-active vibration control (SAVC), dynamically changes some property of the structure according to feedback from the state, without adding extra energy. SAVC systems are usually able to achieve higher performance than the passive vibration control schemes without the disadvantages of the active vibration control systems. In this study, optimal PZT layout is solved by the introduction of SRS (Shock Response Spectrum) constraint which evaluates vibration and a shock.

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Increase in automobile traffic accident in emerging countries in recent years is remarkable. Especially in urban areas, traffic accidents that occur at night, is a serious problem. Therefore, we prototyping of the headlight that capable illuminate the advancing direction in during cornering. About move to the yaw direction in synchronization with the steering angle, We list up the needs of the customer, and evaluate the degree of importance, and then we have created a QFD. Create a 3D model by CAD, it was analyzed for this strength. And we confirmed the validity of the operation by the production of a prototype. The size of the mechanism that operates the headlight spanned about 50% of the body. Therefore, reduction in size is a problem was identified.

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This paper presents collaboration between a textile manufacturing company in Malaysia and Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. In this Company-University Collaboration (CUC), an engineering student was assigned with a task to implement value stream mapping (VSM) to support the implementation of Lean Manufacturing (LM) tool in the company. The task is targeted to be completed in six to nine months. In this paper, the development of current and future state map of the company is described. Identification of waste based on current state map is shown and improvement via future state map is elaborated. As a conclusion, the collaboration is proven to be feasible in supporting VSM implementation in the textile manufacturing company.

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This paper presents the mould design analysis of casted natural fibre-metal matrix composites material. The natural fibre composites were introduced to the metal matrix as reinforced material for emerging new material. The pattern for sand casting was made from LM6 as metal matrix alloy, titanium carbide as reinforced material, and empty fruit bunch as natural fibre composites. Open mould was designed for producing the metal matrix composites and allowed the natural fibre composites introduce to metal matrix composite during the solidification stage. There were four design concepts were generated and simulated. The simulation shows the velocity, internal energy, pressure, turbulence kinetic energy; wall shear stress and cell Reynolds number lead the defect of casting product. Based on the design analysis, the mould design was proposed for casted natural fibre-metal matrix composites.

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World population explosion is happening in the world today. The country which has many children, people don't afford to take care of children. Therefore, the children who are not supervised become a dangerous condition. The purpose of this study is keep children from dangerous, even if people cannot take care of them. In this paper, we developed the product in following procedure. 1. determining the products overview. 2. interpretation of customer needs. 3. create and decide of the product concept. 4. make the scenario of product. 5. making a prototype and testing of it. In the testing of the prototype and testing of it. In the testing of the prototype, we could confirm that this product can keep children from dangerous place. This result means that this product has a potential of helping children's care.

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We developed a mesh morphing technique, which can be used to change the shape of existing analytical mesh models, and generated a mesh model for a new shape by morphing the mesh model for the previous one. Therefore, our method is suitable to use for analysis during the early stage of design because it reduces the amount of time required to generate analytical mesh models. However, this technique is impossible to morph a free-form surface, and to change surface type. Therefore, we developed the fitting morphing technique for solving the problem. This technique is possible to morph based on specification of the STL data as morphed shape and indication of fitting nodes and movable nodes. We confirmed that this technique can be morphed to free-form surface from cylindrical surface by application to the piston head model in 2 seconds. Futhermore, the technique can be morphed to maintain the boundary of the shape by application to the gear model.

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In structural design for electronic equipments, it is difficult to check the insulation distance. Therefore, we are developing an insulation distance check technique using 3D shape data. Conventionally, structure designers visually inspected insulation distance or checked it by functions of CAD software. However, unintentional omissions and excessive detections of inspection objects were problems. In this research, we developed a distance map calculation technique and a shortest path extraction technique using voxel mesh. We compared the number of omissions and detections of this technique with the clearance check function of a CAD software. As a result, we confirmed that the number of omissions is zero and the number of excessive detections is less than that of the clearance check function of the CAD software. Accordingly, working time could be reduced by almost 60% of the conventional process.

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A Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) are often used in electronics devices. It is made on a thin elastic film which is bent in the devices and mounted on circuit boards. In this paper, a system to estimate the 3D bending shape of the FPCs is proposed. A 3D path of the central curve of the FPC is first designed to connect the end connectors and then its surface is generated from this cure and the 2D diagram of the FPC. We propose a method based on rectifying developable surfaces to generate the surface. A new method for preserving the curve length is also described. A prototype software is developed to demonstrate some simple design examples.

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In the past, tremendous amount of research has been conducted to fit point clouds using B-spline curves and surfaces. However, there are few studies on fitting scientific volume data using the trivariate B-spline functions. In this paper, an iterative geometric approximation method, which iteratively repositions B-spline control points on the basis of geometrical rules, is introduced to fit the scientific volume data.

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It is an important task to generate an efficient operation planning for a modern large scale open-pit mine. Given the depth and the boundary curves of the mine distributions from the boring survey, we introduce a novel method to design the geometry of an open-pit mine. As the first step, the region of interest including the boundary curves of the mine are discretized into 2D voxels. Then, the boundary curves are offset outward using the fast marching method (FMM). The front starts from the voxels that contain boundary curves, and merge each other to form iso-distance contours. For each resulting contour, we elevate the height about 20 m to generate the bench cut with the connecting path having the slope of 10%. We repeat this process until we reach the ground level. Examples show the effectiveness of our method.

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The purpose of earthquake engineering is to design safety structures that perform satisfactorily under earthquake action. As Japan is one of the most earthquake-prone country is the world, the technological innovation for earthquake resistance design, seismic isolators and vibration control demper etc., has been advanced. Especially the seismic technology, that the seismic isolated buildings demonstrated the effect in the Koe earthquake, so the seismic technolgy is noticed now. In this study the characteristics of the seismic isolation bearing of sliding type have been experimentally investigated. The value of coefficient of friction has important role for the characteristics of seismic isolation of sliding type and the seismic isolator of sliding type has the three factors related to the coefficient of friction μ. From the experiment of Kobe earthquake wave, it has been shown that the acceleration of the seismic isolator does not exceeded the value of μ G that is one of the three factors.

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The relationship between the chemical composition of steel materials and the fireball has been examined by using SEM photographing of fireball. As a result of the experiment, the kind of steel material could be estimated from fireball's image of SEM. The following contents would be pointed out as results. Increasing contained carbon, the size of fireball becomes large. And also the size of fireball of alloy steels increases to approximately twice that of the carbon steel. When nickel composition is contained in the material, the surface of fireball shows the delamination. When the many chromium components are contained the size of fireball becomes large, and many holes occur in the surface of firebal. The presence of molybdenum in the steel shows the smooth texture at the surface of the fireball. The wrinkles appear in the surface of the fireball by the presence of tungsten component, and many holes occur in the surface of the fireball. Whether the material is ductile or brittle, we would be estimated pattern of deformation of the hole of the fireball.

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