Two types of afferent discharges in the hypogastric nerve were recorded when the bladder was extended passively in male and female cats.
The first type was irregular and maintained for a long time. The frequency of discharges in this type was increased slightly only when the bladder was overextended.
The second type was observed when the bladder was extended. The frequency of these discharges was increased by the increase of the bladder pressure and was abolished as soonas the bladder pressure was decreased. This type was phasic and adapted rapidly, associated with bladder pressure. These sensitive points were located in the fundus of thebladder. This type is considered to be the discharge from the tension receptor.

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In dogs, subtotal colectomy with ileoproctostomy is followed by severe diarrhea and shortening of passage time. However, they gradually subside postoperatively . These patho-physiological adaptations were studied from the viewpoint of ileal motility on 23 adult mongrel dogs. Electrcphysiological, morphological and X-ray cinematographical studies were performed 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively.
Electrical activity of the terminal ileum, especially, spike potential was recorded from immidiate cranial portion (Portion A) of the anastomosis and 30cm cranially away (Portion B). In each portion, much increased frequency of spike was observed in one week postoperatively, and after this period frequency of decreased gradient was recognized.
In Portion A, increasing hypertrophy of internal circular and external longitudinal muscle coat was observed. In Portion B, however, no remarkable changes were obtained.
X-ray cinematography demonstrated much increased peristalsis of the ileum and the complexed picture in Portion A consisting of iso-and-antiperistalsis in one week postoperatively. Then, decreased gradient of ileal peristalsis was observed markedly between Portion A and B.
In conclusion, we perceived that functional hypertrophy of the ileal muscle coat caused by hyperperistalsis on the anastomosis is an important factor for decreased peristalsis of the terminal ileum and such phenomenon is advantageous for the process of recovery from diarrhea the shortening of passage time.

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The contractile activity of the synthetic twenty-eight nonapeptides, which the amino acid residues were substituted in positions 3, 4 and 6 of bradykinin, were compared with that of bradykinin on the isolated ileum of the guinea pig and the mouse.
None of analogs tested showed more potent activity than that of bradykinin. The substitution for fil-alanine which elongates peptide chain of bradykinin by one methylene group brought about low activity. [Thr⁶] -, [Thr (Ac) ⁶] -, [Ser (Ac) ⁶] - and [Ala³, Gly⁶] - bradykinin showed a significant activity. The substitution for leucine, isoleucine and valine which have a bulky and hydrophobic side chain in 4-positions of bradykinin, [Thr⁶] - bradykinin and [Thr (Ac) ⁶] - bradykinin caused serious loss of activity. [Gly³, Gly⁶] - bradykinin showed a lower activity than that of [Gly³] -bradykinin. [Lys³] -bradykinin showed low activity.
Several peptides possessed the potentiation to bradykinin. [Leu⁴] -bradykinin and [Leu⁴, Ser (Ac) ⁶] -bradykinin were found to have antibradykinin activity in the bioassay by use of small intestine of the mouse, although this activity was not seen on all the animals tested.

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To clarify activity of the choledocho-duodenal junction the present study was made using sixty rabbits. A polyethylene tube with Y-connector to the common bile duct toward the duodenum. The tube was used for two purposes, one measuring the intraductal pressure variation of the terminal common bile duct, the other infusing the contrast medium into the common bile duct for the cinecholangiography. Two electrodes were sewn in the Oddi's muscle and duodenum respectively.
Electrical activity of the Oddi's muscle and duodenum, intraductal pressure of the terminal common bile duct and the bile flow were simmultaneously recorded on a 16 mm cine film.
The results are summerized as follows:
1. The intraductal pressure tracing of the terminal common bile duct was divided in two phases, the one is large pressure waves and the other, slow phases of pressure.
2. The large waves appeared always in accordance with the electrical activity of the Oddi's muscle and the slow phases accorded with the electrical activity of the duodenum.
3. Bile flow was interrupted at the terminal portion of the common bile duct when the appearance of the large pressure waves, that is, electrical activity of Oddi's muscle was observed.
4. Bile flow was poured into the duodenum by the appearance of the slow phaSes or pressure, that is, the electrical activity of the duodenum was observed.
From these findings the author concluded that the muscle of Oddi has a sphincteric mechanism and acts independently of the activity of the duodenal wall muscle in rabblt.

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