Top level university men's volleyball teams were selected as the subject of this research to identify what type of technical items used during various attacks after serve-reception are related to the outcome of the game, for the purpose of obtaining suggestions to help create better team in the future. The analysis result showed that between set ratio and attack after serve-reception of each team, a strong correlation was found for kill attack ratio（r=0.859）, blocked attack ratio（r=-0.807）, and attack efficiency（r=0.850）. Further, between attack after serve-reception made with 2 front hitters, a strong correlation was found for kill attack ratio（r=0.872）, blocked attack ratio（r=-0.786）, lost point ratio（r=-0.744）, and attack efficiency（r=0.919）. Between attack after serve-reception during C pass, a strong correlation was found for kill attack ratio（r=0.801）and attack efficiency（r=0.825）, and a moderate degree of negative correlation was found for blocked attack ratio（r=-0.593）. Based on the above, we can consider that when it comes to the attack after serve-reception of top level university men`s volleyball teams, it is important to have decisive attack ability and avoid being blocked by the opposing team to prevent losing points. In specifics, the finding showed that there is a need to focus on the attack made with setter in front row and 2 front hitters, and attack made from serve-reception in the situation of receiving a bad return ball.

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The purpose of this study was to verify the usefulness of the grading ability to perception movement skills of volleyball players, through clarify what affect grading ability differences in the accuracy of the set. The results of this study, if it is excellent grading ability, the deviation is a positive trend or low value a negative trend, for the average score per stage of all. So it means that matches the objective measurement of exhibited performance and subjective efforts in the grading ability. Grading ability was confirmed usefulness as a basic athletic ability of perception movement skills of volleyball players, for it became clear that it is one of the factors that determine the accuracy of the set.

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The purpose of this study was, by conducting a field experiment with employing a glasses-shaped Eye Mark Recorder（EMR）, to identify differences in the gaze duration and the number of the gaze movement at a gaze objective in each skill that constitutes of a volleyball game （i.e., a serve, reception, spike, block, and dig）among experienced, intermediate, and beginner groups. Ten regular or backup members of the university volleyball team constituted the experienced group. Similarly, ten university volleyball team members, who were not registered as regular or backup members, constituted the intermediate group. Lastly, eight university students who took a volleyball class constituted the beginner group. During the field experiment, the study participants had the EMR on their head and its controller in a belt bag on their lower back. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in the gaze movement regarding serve, reception, spike, and dig in all groups. On the other hand, the proportions of the gaze duration at a ball and spiker when being blocked were significantly different between experienced and beginner groups（p ＜ .05）. In terms of the proportions of the gaze duration at a ball, the beginner group significantly showed a higher proportion than the experienced group, and the proportions were lower in the experienced group. In terms of the proportions of the gaze duration at a spiker, the beginner group significantly showed a lower proportion than the experienced group. Regarding the number of the gaze movement when being blocked, there was a significant difference between intermediate and beginner groups（p ＜ .05）. The intermediate group moved their eyes more often. The self-report survey results indicated that the experienced and intermediate groups had wide peripheral visions.

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The present study, involving female college students who had played in 28 volleyball games（a total of 91 sets）of the 2004 Spring Kyushu League of Intercollegiate Women`s Volleyball, examined the relationship between the first transition, which refers to a sequence of offensive and defensive movements, and the outcome of a game to provide knowledge required for training volleyball players. In the first transition, a player receives the served ball, followed by an offensive play by other players of the same team: a combination attack or setting followed by an attack in an out-ofsystem case, and a sequence of offensive movements（including blocking, receiving, setting, and attacking）by the opposing team. 1）In the first transition, the quality of attacks, including the rates of winning attacks and not performing point-losing attacks, had the greatest influence of the outcome of the game. 2）In the first transition, the quality of blocks against combination offensive plays by the opposing team influenced the outcome of the game. 3）In the first transition, the ability to devise and implement offensive plays after touching the ball while blocking an attack in an out-of-system case influenced the outcome of the game. 4）Although there were no significant correlations between the settings followed by three types of attack and different outcomes of blocking in the first transition, there were differences between settings for two types of play: combination offensive play and out-of-system play.

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The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and rate of jump types in male volleyball games. Sixteen professional volleyball games in eight teams were recorded by the digital videos（60f/s）. The offensive and defensive jumps in each position were separated into the five jump types（attack, block, jump toss, serve and trick jump）by a professional coach. The frequency and rate of jump types in each position were as followings 1）In the frequency of the jumps While setter（S）jumped more than wing spiker（WS）and opposite（OP）did（p ＜0.01），libelo（L）jumped less than wing spiker（WS）, middle blocker（MB）and opposite（OP）（p＜0.001）. 2）The type of jumps S（block 21.2%, jump toss 68.1%）and L（jump toss 100%）mostly performed their own positions. WS（attack 38.9%, block 41.0%, serve 19.8%）, MB（attack 8.4%, trick jump 26.2%, block 53.5%, serve 11.9%）and OP（attack 49.3%, block 34.2%, serve 16.5%）performed various jumps. The results showed that volleyball is an intermittent sport that combines offensive and defensive phases of play. While players should be required to jump vertically as high as they are capable of doing, it is necessary for players to develop various jump abilities depending on their positions.

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Study on distance of horizontal direction movement during the scrimmage volleyball game This study was made to investigate the motor activities of the volleyball players during the scrimmage game. The video camera was set just above the center of the volleyball court to capture the activity of the players. Each player wore the white swimming cap during the scrimmage game. The swimming cap was used as marker to digitize the movement of the players. The position data calculated by using 2D-DLT method. The results showed that players moved horizontally 527.58（±141.70）m（mean± SD）during the set. The wing spikers covered 648.61（± 248.92）m, this distance was longer than other position, setters 572.79（±18.23）m, libero players 514.15（± 8.60）m and middle blockers330.15 （± 20.14）m

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the accuracy of the reception on the result of attack. We classified the pattern of reception in four clusters by k-means clustering. And four clusters were named "A" type, "A-B" type, "B" type and "C" type. We compared the attack performance of these four clusters. Results indicated that "C" type’s kill ratio was lower than other clusters. And "C" type’s and "B" type’s miss ratio was higher than "A" type and "A-B" type. In addition, there were no significant diｆｆerences between "A" type and "A-B" type. These results indicated that the accuracy of reception, especially A pass ratio, does not have positive effect for the result of attack.

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