A 10-year-old 4.7-kg spayed female mix breed dog presented with mucoid vaginal discharge despite treatment for cystitis for a month. A malignant neoplasm was suspected based on atypical cells found on vaginal mucus cytology. A cystoscopy biopsy was performed, and the histopathologic diagnosis was consistent with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). A subtotal urethrectomy and urethral-vaginal anastomosis were performed. Treatment with piroxicam (0.3mg/kg eod for 1278 days) and carboplatin (150～250mg/m²/3～4 weeks, nine times) was initiated 2 weeks postoperatively. Other than recurrent cystitis that started 3 weeks postoperatively, the patient maintained a good quality of life with neither recurrence nor metastasis. The patient died of renal failure 3 years and 9 months (1395 days) after the initial visit. While TCC is generally considered to have poor prognosis, it was suggested from the management of this case that early diagnosis and radical surgery could achieve good long-term survival.

A 9-year-old neutered female British shorthair cat presented with anorexia. Physical examination revealed stomatitis and gingival ulcer of the maxillary anterior acetabulum. Computed tomography showed a bone-infiltrating neoplastic lesion in the maxilla invading the orbit. A core biopsy of the lesion along with imaging studies and laboratory examinations revealed stage 3 oral squamous cell carcinoma. An esophageal fistula tube was placed and administration of analgesics and molecular-targeted drugs was initiated. After a month, palliative irradiation was performed. The cat tolerated without significant side effects during the 197-day administration of the molecular-targeted drug. Later in treatment, radiation therapy caused necrosis of the bone and skin. However, for most part of the 227-day survival, quality of life was well maintained with pain relief and dietary supplements.