The prediction method of the profile of moire fringes produced by two binary type gratings is derived in a generalized and modified form. It is verified by computer simulations and experimental results. By using the prediction method conditions for moire fringe sharpening are obtained and compared with the results of Post.
Human corneal endothelium in vivo has been observed and photographed with a specular reflection microscope developed in our laboratory. A source of light is focussed on the endothelial plane in the form of a slit through one half of an objective, and the endothelial cells are observed through the other half. A glass plate equipped in front of the objective applanates the cornea to stabilize itself and to decrease the reflection from its front surface. Microphotographs were taken with flash light illumination which was used to avoid the blurring of the image due to eye movement. From theoretical and experimental discussions concerning a semicircular aperture, the image quality has been found to be characterized by the orientation of the specimen. It has been concluded that this instrument is very convenient to examine the corneal endothelium not only for experimental animals but also for general diagnosis and clinical research in humans.