The characteristic flavor compound of the Chilean edible mushroom Grifola gargal was determined and the relationship between the mycelial growth and flavor production was investigated on liquid media. The major flavor product from the fruit-bodies and the mycelia of G. gargal was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis to be benzaldehyde. The mycelia of G. gargal grew favorably in peptone-glucose-yeast extract liquid media adjusted to pH 4.5 at 20℃. Under this growth condition, the production of benzaldehyde from G. gargal significantly accumulated after the linear growth phase, and the amount did not decline during the stable stage of mycelial growth. Therefore, G. gargal could be expected not only to be a new type of edible mushroom with almond flavor, but also to be a potential producer of benzaldehyde, which is a very expensive and a popular natural aroma.

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The research shows that Isaria sinclairii grows from July to October in a conifer plantation with the following conditions: air temperature: 23.5-30℃, relative humidity: 64-96%, soil temperature: 22.0-25.2℃, and water content of soil: 30.5-32.8%. As a result, maximum growth was seen at pH 5.5. For mycelial growth, glucose was the most suitable carbon source, and a mixture of peptone and yeast extract was the most suitable nitrogen source. The substrate of rice and yolk was suitable for the fruiting of I. sinclairii.

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Studies were carried out to obtain the fundamental requirements such as physico-chemical factors, carbon and nitrogen sources, various wastes agar as well as composts substrates with various supplements on mycelial expansion of Lyophyllum decastes. The best temperature for the mycelial expansion of this fungus was 25℃, while optimal pH was 7.0. Out of four different media, Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) was the most favorable for growth. Glucose and polypeptone were the best sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively, as well 1 : 1 was the best ratio of carbon and nitrogen. Among the different waste agar media used, faster radial mycelial expansion was observed in all composts, whereas compost which was fermented one year was the most excellent of them all, followed by composts fermented for four months and five weeks, respectively (better than PDA). Two composts were used as core substrates combined individually with fresh sawdust and corn cob. Each mixture was then supplemented with five various supplements. In substrates, all the supplements in all combinations were found to exhibit mycelial growth. Manure fermented one year with sawdust was particularly promotive for mycelial expansion. Similarly, barley bran was found as a superior supplement and very poor results were observed from the nucleic acid supplement, following the same pattern as that for five-week fermented compost.

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