The general consensus is that bFGF (basic Fibroblast Growth Factor) plays an important role in regulating cellular activities in particular during development of various tissues and organs. Yet, the role of bFGF in growth of the mandibular condyle has not been examined. In the present study, we cultured mandibular condyles of gestational day 24 rabbit fetuses on surgical gelfoam sponges in minimum essential medium containing 1% newborn calf serum (V/V) added with (experimental group) or without bFGF (controls); fetal mandibular condyles were cultured with the articular tissues facing the sponges. The following results were observed.
Potentiating response of bFGF on the mandibular cartilage were observed in the fibrous and intermediate layer. In both layers, bFGF induced increment of the cellular population and extracellular matrix of the condylar cartilage tissue.

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Recently, the decline of dental caries prevalence has been reported. However, dental caries was still highly prevalent among some groups, especially children who had any physiological or psychological problems. In this time, a clinico-tatistical study was conducted to understand actual conditions of 198 initial patients, who were referred from the Okayama University Medical Hospital to the Pediatric Dental Clinic, Okayama University Dental Hospital during the period from 1994 to 1998. The following resultswere obtained; 1. The number of these patients tended to increase, year by year. 2. The patients with general disease visited our clinic at older age compared with others. 3. A high portion of patients was referred with chief complains of dental caries and pain. In contrast, a few patients visited for consultation concerning preventive treatment. 4. The patients, especially patients with heart disease showed high caries prevalence and sever dental caries
From these results, it was suggested that patients with general disease had also dental problems

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Pediatric patients registered to our clinic between 1989 and 1998 were statistically analyzed. There were 1, 497 patients: with dental cavity or gingivitis, 569; injury, 265; congenital malformation, 197; infection, 104; temporomandibular disorders, 94; salivary gland disease, 92; tumor (odontoma, ameloblastoma), 49; cyst, 38; stomatitis, 13; and so on. Of all patients, 120 were admitted, who consisted of 42 with cleft palate, 28 with cleft lip, 18 with tumor, 13 with cyst, 7 with trauma, 5 with oronasal fistula, and so on. The doctors of the other hospitals/clinics, especially local dentists and pediatricians, referred half of all the patients.

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Clinical study was performed on 33 pediatric patients over 6 years old under 15 years old under intravenous sedation for teeth extraction at the Department of Oral Surgery, Ohu University School of Dentistry for 6 years (1993-1998). Especially, Propofol of intravenous anesthetic is speedy at induction and awakening. At the out patient clinic, cases of pediatric patients to Propofol are increasing every year. And after this, expansion of the extent of adaptation for dental treatment and oral surgery can be expected.

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We reported a rare case of eruption cyst caused by supernumerary primary tooth on median alveolar ridge of the maxilla in a 2-month old boy.
1. The oral view showed a swelling approximately 10mm in diameter, normal gingiva in color, smooth in surface and hard swelling with fluctuation in palpation on median alveolar ridge of maxilla.
2. The radiographs showed supernumerary primary tooth formed of approximately 2/3 of the crown of the tooth on median alveolar ridge region.
3. The supernumerary primary tooth was extracted with the removal of soft tissue around it under infiltration anesthesia in a 6.5-month old baby after its eruption. The prognosis was good.
4. The histopathological examination of soft tissue showed connective tissue under the oral mucous epithelium, stratified squamous epithelium in the cyst wall lining and there was granulation tissue containing inflammatory cells, predominantly lymphocytes under the stratified squamous epithelium.

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A case of hematoma of the palate associated with extirpation of impacted supernumerary teeth in the maxilla one week after is reported. The patient was a 6-year-old boy. Two impacted supernumerary teeth were removed under local anesthesia without any complication. Nasopalatine artery was not ligated. The wound healing course was favorable; however, a hemorrhage and hematoma on the palatal gingiva were found one week after surgery. No bleeding tendency or coagulation profile was shown at the blood examination; these were completely within normal limits. Although the hemostatica and antibiotics were administered and a wound was pressured by the tourniquet, the hematoma was gradually increased. In order to arrest the bleeding, the patient underwent elimination of hematoma and hemostasis under general anesthesia. A blood clot was found around the incisive foramen and the right palate, and a nasopalatine artery appeared to be damaged on the incisive foramen. Hematoma of the palate occurring later than one week after extraction seems to be not common. It was suggested that in our case the hematoma was caused by the damage of the nasopalatine artery associated with the extraction of the supernumerary teeth.

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The patient was an 8-year-old boy, who consulted our department on May 25, 1999, because of a black spot in the maxillary gingiva. He had under-gone application of saforide^® in CB_??_ in a dental clinic 5 years previously. Thereafter, he noted a black spot in the surrounding gingiva, but because of no pain, it was left untreated. Recently, the patient consulted a dental clinic due to an increase in the size of the spot. He was then referred to our department. Intraoral examination revealed a flat dark brown spot (11×6mm) in the buccal gingiva around 2_??_, showing infiltration into the surrounding tissue. There was also a localized flat black spot (1×1mm) besides the dark brown spot. Based upon these clinical findings pigmented nevus or malignant melanoma was suspected. As a result of biopsy performed on May 25 using cryosurgery, histopathologically they were diagnosed as cellular blue nevi. On June 25, the spots were removed together with the surrounding gingiva and periosteum. The course has been uneventful these 8 months after the surgery without a sign of recurrence.

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Thyroglossal duct cyst originates from the remaining epithelium of the thyroglossal duct and may arise between the foramen caecum of the tongue and the thyroid gland. However, its occurring in the sublingual region is relatively rare. We report a case of thyroglossal duct cyst that occurred in the sublingual region of an infant with serious heart disease. The patient, a 3-month-old female, showed swelling of the sublingual region and she had serious heart malformation, double outlet right ventricle. On initial examination, an elastic soft pale mass about 20×15mm with clear border was palpated in the sublingual area. Although the mass lesion elevated the tongue, respiration trouble was not noted. We observed her without an operation of the sublingual lesion before she received an operation of the heart malformation, because her heart disease was serious. Before 3 years old, the mass did not grow remarkably. However, it grew rapidly when she received a heart operation at 3 years and 10 months old. When she visited us after the operation, she showed submental swelling and MRI examination revealed that the sublingual cystic lesion extended to the tongue root and submental area. However, severe discomfort was not noted. At 4 years and 3 months old, the mass was enucleated from the sublingual incision. The mass was diagnosed as thyroglossal duct cyst. There is no evidence of recurrence three and a half years after the operation, and function of the tongue is normal.

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A 4-year-old girl was referred to our clinic for a tumor of the tongue. She was treated with the injection of a sclerosing agent, ethanolamine oleare (EO), which has been used endoscopically in the treatment of esophageal varices. After the injection of 5% EO, the hemangioma shrank and a good tongue movement was obtained. There were no problematic side effects.
Sclerotherapy was considered very useful for lesions in which surgical treatment would result in considerable functional and aesthetic disfigurement and this therapy was easier than surgery, so we recommend it as useful therapy for oral hemangiomas.

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