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Article type: Cover
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
Cover1-
Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Cover
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Appendix
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
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Seiki TAKATSUKI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
17-25
Published: March 30, 1983
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Sasa nipponica, a kind of dwarf bamboos, is exclusively important as a forage for the Sika deer living in Omote-Nikko. Fecal analyses revealed that S. nipponica occupied over one half of the dietary composition of the deer in the area lower than 1,800 m where the dwarf bamboo grew abundantly on the forest floors, and accounted for a considerable proportion of the composition even in the higher area where S. nipponica grew only poorly or was absent. The importance of the dwarf bamboos for Sika deer was emphasized in respect to their abundance, stable availability (evergreenness), utilization by the deer, and tolerance to grazing.
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Toshiyuki SATO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
27-35
Published: March 30, 1983
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To understand the adaptation of the life history of ferns to cold climate, freezing resistance of forty ferns collected in Southern Honshu was evaluated as related to the alternation of generations, and the results were compared with those of ferns collected in Hokkaido. The average freezing resistance of the leaf, rhizome, gametophyte and juvenile sporophyte was -9,-6,-14 and -9℃ respectively. The difference in freezing resistance between gametophytes and sporophytic rhizomes was 8℃ in the ferns collected in Southern Honshu and 20℃ in those of Hokkaido. As to the average freezing resistance, the ferns collected in Soukaido showed a higher value than those of Southern Honshu in both generations. The typical difference in the ferns of cool and warm temperate climates throughout the Japanese Archipelago is found between the gametophyte and the sporophyte : however, the difference is not found in subtropical ferns without resistance to freezing temperatures below -9℃. The freezing resistance of the leaf of evergreen ferns of warm temperate and subtropical climates seems to be correlated with leaf injury caused by frost in winter. It was postulated that winter frost constitutes on of the limiting factors of the life cycle of ferns in a temperate climate, and that the sensitive stage is the sporophytic generation, not the gametophytic generation.
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Haruo SATO, Tetsuya KONDO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
37-46
Published: March 30, 1983
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Water hyacinth was grown at eight different concentrations of culture solution, ranging from 1/8-fold to 10.7-fold of the standard solution, which contained 28 ppm of total N and 7.7 ppm of total P. The largest plant biomass in the summer experiment was obtained at a N concentration of ca. 60 ppm, while the growth was strongly inhibited at lower and higher concentrations. All summer plants died in the 10.7-fold solution in four weeks. The growth of winter plants in a slightly heated glasshouse was fairly uniform at all levels of nutrient concentration and no distince optimum concentration was recognized. A modified reciprocal equation, 1/w=A/f+A'f/(1-f/C)+B, was proposed to describe the response of plant biomass (w) to N concentration (f) in the culture solution, C being the upper limit of f for the survival of water hyacinth.
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Takayoshi TSUCHIYA, Hideo IWAKI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
47-54
Published: March 30, 1983
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Seasonal change in biomass of Trapa natans community in Takahama-iri Bay of Lake Kasumigaura showed two peaks during the growing period both in 1979 and 1980. The maximum biomass was approximately 300 g dry wight m^<-2> and the minimum value between the two peaks was less than 100 g dry weight m^<-2>. In spite of the small peak biomass, the net primary production was as high as 606 and 1010 g dry weight m^<-2> in 1979 and 1980,respectively. The loss by death and shedding of plant materials during the growing period was 318 and 786 g dry weight m^<-2> in 1979 and 1980,respectively. The mean life expectancy of the leaves was less than a month and the loss of leaves and petioles amounted to approximately 80% of the total plant loss.
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Takuo YAMAKURA, Kichiro SHINOZAKI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
55-69
Published: March 30, 1983
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Properties of the asymmetric type I distribution were discussed with special reference to the frequency distribution of individual tree weight in Cryptomeria japonica stands. By solving the differential equation for the density function (φ(w)) of this distribution, φ(w) was expressed as a functional equation which related φ(w) with the weight (w) of an individual plant in a stand. Although the explicit solution of φ(w) was not obtained as a function of w, some important statistics of w in a stand were calculated by using the descending order of w as the parameter. The behaviour of the coefficients of φ(w) were discussed by applying this distribution function to artifical stands of Cryptomeria japonica.
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Itsuo MIYATA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
71-78
Published: March 30, 1983
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The pattern of variation of floristic composition to gradients of topography and altitude was compared between the tree layer and the herb layer in a secondary forest on Mt. Seburi, Fukuoka Pref., Kyushu, south-west Japan. For the two layers, ordination of 32 quadrats was achieved by the principal axes method based on the similarity index. As loadings of quadrats on the first or the second axis showed a higher correlation between the two layers, it was judged that a clear correspondence in the variation of floristic composition exists between them. Not high but significant correlation was recognized between the total density per quadrat of the tree layer and that of the herb layer. Where the evergreen trees smaller in DBH grew densely, the development of the herb layer was poor as a whole. Absorption of light by smaller and denser stems of the evergreens was considered a limiting factor for the development of the herb layer.
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Yoichi KANAZAWA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
79-87
Published: March 30, 1983
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The population distribution and the stand succession of Q. crispula were investigated in an area of 270 ha. Q. crispula was mainly distributed on the wide ridges and the gentle slopes. Small Q. crispula trees tended to make a clump, and they coexisted rarely with large trees. Large Q. crispula trees existed generally as isolated trees from the same species. Based on a cluster analysis of the basal area, which included 33 tree species, the surveyed plots were roughly classified into 2 groups of A and B. Group A was characterized by Acer japonicum and Abies homolepis and group B by Alnus Matsumurae and Sorbus alnifolia. Based on the changes in floristic composition with the increasing mean DBH of Q. crispula trees, the seral stages of the trees were considered as follows : Q. crispula at the young stage grows in clumps and with intolerant trees such as Stewartia pseudo-Camellia or A. Matsumurae, then decreases in number and mixes with tolerant trees such as Tsuga diversifolia. For successful regeneration from acorns, some catastrophic changes in stand conditions seemed to be necessary in addition to the creation of gaps and the abundant supply of acorns. The continued existence of Q. crispula in a certain area was attributed to its longevity and vigorous sprouting ability rather than to its poor regeneration from acorns.
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Fusayuki KANDA, Akiyoshi KAMEI, Yasushi IMAI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
89-96
Published: March 30, 1983
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Species composition and density of Dictyostelid cellular slime molds in Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata-Betula platyphylla var. japonica forests around the Kushiro moor, Hokkaido, Japan, were investigated by means of a clonal isolation technique. Seven species of cellular slime molds were isolated from the soil samples of fifteen sites. Absolute densities, relative densities and frequencies of the cellular slime molds at each collecting site and presence values of each species throughout the study area were calculated. Dictyostelium mucoroides, D. minutum, Polysphondylium violaceum, and P. purpureum were common and widespread. D. mucoroides was relatively dominant in absolute density. Most of the cellular slime molds were distributed between leaf litter and surface humus layer within the forest soil. The absolute density of cellular slime molds decreased as the soil depth increased.
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Kyoji YODA, Masahito NISHIOKA, Pricha DHANMANONDA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
97-100
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Shiro KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
101-102
Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Appendix
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
103-
Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Appendix
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
103-108
Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Appendix
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Index
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
Toc1-
Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Appendix
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
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Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Index
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
a-c
Published: March 30, 1983
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Article type: Index
1983 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages
d-e
Published: March 30, 1983
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