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Volume 1985 (1985)
- Issue 123 Pages 143-
- Issue 122 Pages 99-
- Issue 121 Pages 59-
- Issue 120 Pages 2-
Volume 1985, Issue 123
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Takeo Asakawa, Keizo Ogino1985 Volume 1985 Issue 123 Pages 143-149
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of the surface chemical structure and the pore structure of carbon adsorbents on adsorption of various organic compounds were studied in aqueous solutions. Pittsburgh activated carbon (Calgon Co.), and Electronic conductive carbon black (Lion Akzo Co.) that has a large surface area were used as carbon adsorbents.
In order to investigate the effect of the surface chemical structure, the adsorbents were treated with HC1-HF, air, H2or HNO3.It was found that the adsorbed amounts increased with decreasing the surface acidity and the ash content of the adsorbents.
In order to confirm the effect of the pore structure, the adsorbed amounts of organic compounds with different molecular weights on the adsorbents, those were deashed and treated with H2 to eliminate surface polar substances, were measured. When the occupied areas of adsorbates such as phenol and benzoic acid were small, the adsorbed amounts for the activated carbon with micropores were large.In contrast, in the case of the adsorption of large molecule such as polyvinyl alcohol, the adsorbed amount for the carbon black with mesopores was large.These results show that the adsorption character of organic compounds were closedly connected with the molecular size of adsorbates and the pore structure of adsorbents.View full abstractDownload PDF (838K) -
Tong Shik Chang, Akimitsu Okura1985 Volume 1985 Issue 123 Pages 150-159
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is attempted to produce high density and high strength carbon solids from fine pulverized pitch coke and bulk mesophase (BM) without binder pitch. The fabrication method of carbon solids in this study is as follows: the fine pulverized coke is mixed with the BM, which is directly turned to carbon solids by densifying with a hot press and heat treatment so as to obtain a high density and high strength.In this experiment, fine pulverized coke sizes of three stages and two types of BM in which a volatile matter content is different, were used.
The carbon solids obtained were examined for bending strength, and were investigated for the influence of fine coke sizes, types of BM and their blending ratio, and also hot pressing pressure and heat treatment temperature on the strength of carbon solids.
The obtained results are as follows:
(1) BM can be used as binder of fine coke.The carbon solids obtained by using this BM exhibited larger strength for using the high volatile matter BM than low volatile matter BM.
(2) The carbon solids obtained by using the high volatile matter BM had the highest strength, when the blending ratio of BM and heat treatment temperature were20wt%and1100°C, respectively.
(3) The carbon solids obtained by this process indicated that smaller size of fine coke particles give higher strength, maximizing with a hot pressing pressure of500kg/cm2 if the smallest size (3.5μm) is used and that the maximum strength becomes920kg/cm2, being5.2times stronger than graphite electrode rod.View full abstractDownload PDF (8012K) -
M. Inagaki, K. Muramatsu, K. Maekawa, Y. Tanabe1985 Volume 1985 Issue 123 Pages 160-165
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe exfoliated graphite was prepared from the ternary intercalation compounds of alkaline metal and tetrahydrofurane (THF).The degree of exfoliation at high temperatures was discussed in relation to the stability of the compounds.The properties of the sheets from these exfoliated graphites were compared with those of the sheets produced by con-ventional process (using acides as intercalant).
The starting ternary compounds of Na-C-THF and K-C-THF were prepared through the reaction between the natural graphite (average particle size of 140μm, thickness of ca.20μm) and either Na-or K-naphthalene in THF at 25°C.The reaction products after 48 hours were the mixtures of 1st and 2nd stage intercalation compounds and unreacted graphite.The compound of Na-C-THF was found to be stable even after exposing in air and to need high temperatures to get high degree of exfoliation.The degree of exfoliation reached to about 350 times (in thickness) of the original graphite.From these exfoliated graphites, the sheets were obtained by simple compression, of which properties were very similar to those of commercial sheets.The thermal conductivity along the normal to the sheet showed strong dependence on the orientation of basal planes, suggesting, the importance of rolling process in order to get high degree of orientation and therefore low conductivity.
From the point of engineering view, the Na-C-THF intercalation compound is concluded to be preferable, because of air stability and low cost of sodium metal itself, and also of air stability of ternary intercalation compound, even though long time for synthesis of ternary compound and a little high temperature for exfoliation are required.View full abstractDownload PDF (7206K) -
Akira Kojima, Sugio Otani, Eisaku Mogi, Takamichi Ito, Hiroshi Maeda, ...1985 Volume 1985 Issue 123 Pages 166-173
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was tried to prepare the carbon dental implant having a fine Rahmen surface (FRS) layer from oxidized PAN fiber (OF).Initially, the mechanical properties of the carbon core materials prepared from OF was examined.The unidirectional (UD)-CFRC bar (2 mm in diameter) was prepared by the carbonization of OF reinforced plastic (OFRP) bar which was composed from OF and phenol resin containing some amount of graphite powder.The carbonization was carried out up to 1000°C under N2.The resulting CFRC bar is 270 MPa in flexural strength, 98 GPa in flexural modulus and 270 MPa in compressive strength.These values are thought to be sufficient for the core material of the dental implant.From the observation of cross section, it was found that the carbonized OF and matrix carbon were united so initimatelly that the further densification treatment is not necessary.
The precursor of FRS implant was formed by wrapping up OF paper around the OFRP bar with a small amount of furan resin, and then carbonized up to 1000°C under N2.The FRS implant was performed through the infiltration of low temperature pyrolytic carbon (LTPC) using cis-1, 2-dichloroethylene as the row material by electrolytic method, on the carbonized precursor.Optical and scanning electron micrographs of surface and cross section of the FRS implant showed the typical FRS structure which was united the core material.View full abstractDownload PDF (6212K) -
Akira Kojima, Sugio Otani, Masanori Oguni1985 Volume 1985 Issue 123 Pages 174-176
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (491K) -
Hiroshi Daioh, Yasuo Mizutani1985 Volume 1985 Issue 123 Pages 177-179
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (332K) -
Takeo Ozawa1985 Volume 1985 Issue 123 Pages 180-190
Published: October 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarbon is essential material in phosphoric acid fuel cells for high-efficiency co-generation and advanced batteries for load levelling.In this review article, the principles and features of these cells and batteries are described first in relation with their advantages and applicabilities in electric utilities.Secondly, R, D & D programs of these cells and batteries in Japan and foreign countries are explained.Finally, the carbon materials used in the fuel cells and the advanced batteries, such as sodium sulfur batteries, zinc halogen batteries and redox flow cells, are described, especially their role, characteristics and requirements.View full abstractDownload PDF (1546K)
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